Amathuluzi wekhibhodi - umlando wendalo

Izinsimbi zekhibhodi sezivele ziyisikhathi eside futhi zithandwa kakhulu. Zibonakala ngesistimu eyinhloko yesitoreji somsindo ngosizo lwezimbambo ezikhethekile. Njengokubhekisela, udinga ukucacisa ukuthi amathuluzi anjalo anebhodibhodi - isethi ehlelekile yezihluthulelo esivezwe ku-oda ecacisiwe.

Izinsimbi zekhibhodi zinomlando ocebile kakhulu, ovela kuma-Middle Ages asekude. Ngesokudla kwesinye sokuqala ukulungiswa okunjalo kubhekwa njengelungu. Izitho zokuqala zazihlome amagagasi akhethekile. Babenokulingana okukhulu futhi bekungathandeki kakhulu. Ama-valve ashintshwe masinyane ngama-levers, ayengamnandi ngokwanele ukucindezela. Sekuyisikhathi sekhulu leshumi nanye ama-levers ashintshwe ngamakhi amakhulu. Ngisho noma bengakwazi ngisho nokucindezela isandla. Kodwa-ke, abantu abajwayele ukuhlala nabo bekhululekile izihluthulelo ezincane zivele kuphela ngasekupheleni kweshumi nanhlanu - ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Ngakho-ke, isitsha sokuqala somculo wekhibhodi nesistimu yesimanje samakhiwa yisitho.

Njengeyodwa ithuluzi lesendulo lasendulo kungenzeka futhi kubalulekile ukubiza igama le-clavichord. Uma isitho sinamapayipi ayo oyinhloko yesikhala somsindo futhi singacatshangwa ukuthi kungakanani umoya, khona-ke ama-clavichords yizinsimbi zokuqala ze-keyboard. Babonakala esikhathini esivela ekhulwini leshumi nane kuya kweleshumi nesithupha. Ngeshwa, ngisho nabacwaningi namachazi-mlando womculo abakwazi ukucacisa izinsuku eziqondile. Idivayisi ye-clavichord isikhumbuza pianoforte yanamuhla. Ibonakala ngomsindo ophansi, othulile. I-Klavikord ayivame ukusetshenziswa lapho idlala izethameli ezinkulu. Njengoba izinsimbi zekhibhodi ezinjalo zihambisana kahle, zazivame ukudlalwa ekhaya. Abantu abacebile nezicukuthwane bakhetha ukudlala umculo kumcibisholo omncane "wokufuya". Ikakhulukazi kulezi zinsimbi zadalwa imisebenzi emnandi yomculo ngabaqambi abadumile beenkathi zeBaroque njengoMoart, Beethoven, uBach.

Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngezinsimbi zomculo eziyinhloko njengezingoma ze-harpsichords. Babonakala ngekhulu leshumi nane e-Italy. I-Harpsichords yizikhibhodi zohlobo lokudonsa. Umsindo ukhishwa ngenxa yokuthi ucingo luvikelwe umlamuleli okwamanje ukhiye ucindezelwe. Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, umlamuleli wenziwe ngenhlanzi yenyoni. Izinsimbi ze-harpsichord sezivele zifana nezihluthulelo, ngokungafani nepiyano noma i-clavichord. Umsindo ukhaliphe futhi unobuthakathaka. I-harpsichord yayivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhambisana nomculo wegumbi. Ezimweni eziningi, leli thuluzi lalibhekwa njengengxenye yokuhlobisa.

Ngokwemvelo, asikwazi ukwehluleka ukukhuluma ngensimbi efana ne-pianoforte. Yenzelwe e-Italy ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Kwakuyi-pianoforte eyasiza ukusekela izinsimbi zekhibhodi ngomncintiswano we-violin. Uhla oluhlaba umxhwele kanye ne-dynamics liliphakamise ezingeni eliphakeme lokuthandwa. Inventor uBartholomew Christophi wanikeza leli gama igama, ethi angadlala "kokubili ngokuzwakalayo nangokuthula." Isimiso sokusebenza kwephiyano silula: uma uthepha ukhiye, isando senziwa, okubangela ukuthi izintambo zidlidliza.