Athutha esiqandisini enqoleni: izinhlobo nosayizi

Wagon esiqandisini imbozwe design jikelele aguqulelwe ethutha izimpahla okonakalayo. Londvolota izinga izimpahla ivumela uhlelo ifriji. Lesi sigaba imishini kufakwe isigaba isothermal ugingqe is advantageously esetshenziswa kokuthutha imikhiqizo ukudla ukuze ibanga amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-500.

incazelo

enqoleni athutha esiqandisini siqukethe umzimba wonke-metal, sill, ungqimba ukushisa olubamba ukushisa. Okunye analogue, lokhu ezokuthutha libhekene khona Ukupholisa ngomoya othomathikhi futhi bafudumale electric. Ngenxa refrigerant osetshenziswa yisiqandisi freon noma ammonia, kanye namandla ezivezwa udizili ugesi. Ukushisisa inikeza isitofu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo ukuthutha Ihlanganisa isimiso ukupholisa ngenkani air kwegazi egumbini wezimpahla.

Ikhoyili inhlangano Sibona jawless nge pair of izimbazo okuyinto zifakwa izingxenye nge roller eziveza uhlobo Uyavela ukulungiswa UVZ-I2 nge kumila 2400 mm. Ukwahlukanisa lokhu isitokwe kweqa wenziwa nemingcele eziningana:

• Ukwakheka isitimela (inombolo izimoto).
• ukuhlukahluka Autonomous.
• Uhlobo kokupholisayo.

Endabeni iqembu ammonia isitshalo ise emaphakathi ukuthutha Ukwakheka refrigerant okuphakelayo ingxube Kwenziwa edabula iziteshi ekhethekile. Ngo samuntu ezizimele, Ukupholisa wenziwa iyunithi ngalinye ngokuhlukile.

enqoleni athutha esiqandisini: ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe

Lokhu okulandelayo kwemigomo kubhekwe isitokwe ugingqe nge ubude base 21 amamitha (kubakaki yilezi izibalo ukuze uthole inguqulo enomzimba 19 m):

• Ubude izimbazo autohitches - 22.08 (22.08) m.
• Ububanzi elingaphandle umzimba - 3.1 (3.1) m.
• Linganisa ukuphakama kusukela ekhanda wesitimela - 4.74 (4.69) m.
• Ubude / ububanzi / ukuphakama ngamamitha kwelinye lamagumbi Nhlakanipho - 17,6 (15,7) / 2,7 (2,7) / 2,1 (2,2).
• Inani ivolumu izingxenye iloli - 113 (102) cubic metres. m.
• Floor endaweni (okuphelele) - 48.1 (42.6) square. m.
• umthwalo umthamo Inkomba - 36 (40) wamathani.
• Ukuphakama nehele phansi - 102 (102) mm.
• isiqukathi Isithuthi - 48 (44) m.

Wagon esiqandisini kabani Ubukhulu banikwa ngenhla, ifakwe umnyango ekhethekile. ububanzi bawo ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kokubili izinhlobo izakhiwo.

Autonomous apharathasi samuntu

Le nguqulo ezimele ifakwe othomathikhi ifriji amandla amadivaysi. Ihlukaniswe yaba hold wezimpahla Igumbi ezimbili injini enisemikhawulweni. Generator nge-diesel kanye uphethiloli ogibele luhlaka beya, okuvumela ukususwa iyunithi ngokusebenzisa ohlangothini yokungena emnyangweni lobuchwepheshe.

Ukushisisa ukufaka owasebenza ngayo fuel ketshezi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunikeza injini diesel ngaphambi kokuqala Ukushisa ashisa ongaphakeme. I generator has lebhokisi lokuxhuma izintambo, esebenza ukulawula futhi ubheke ithuluzi ezishintshayo.

umshini ifriji itholakala ngaphansi kophahla imoto, it is ehlukaniswa ukwahlukanisa phakathi isikhala wezimpahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqola ngabanye ifakwe esiqandisini emoyeni Ukupholisa, abalandeli, heater kagesi, compressors ushintsha uba yileli kudivayisi ngesihlangu. Seziqa angasuswa ngomnyango ukuphela, uma kunesidingo.

Izici

Omunye amakamelo injini ifakwe kuwukuphendula main. Itholakala eduze uphethiloli, esetshenziswa ukulawula ukusebenza kwe-imishini futhi ulungise umbuso ezishisayo emzimbeni. ukugeleza Cold sidla nabalandeli kagesi ngokwengxenye phakathi ophahleni kanye ophahleni kumanga, ngokusebenzisa umqhewu enikeziwe notshwala ku ethekwini wezimpahla.

nesembozo wezimpahla emoyeni bese ihamba isiteshi mpo ngokusebenzisa ingaphakathi eheleni: esithathwayo abalandeli ukudlula ukupholisa umoya, kushaywa libuyiselwa sokusebenza. Ngokufanayo kwegazi kwenzeka ngesikhathi bafudumale. Esikhundleni ukupholisa umoya ngohlelo sihamba ingxube sishisiswe nge Ohhavini kagesi. Ukuze ususe ngokweqile umoya mass eshisayo ekhethekile enikeziwe. I condensate futhi amanzi iqedwe le nkinga ngokukhipha izimbobo phansi. Independent ujantshi enqoleni ifakwe esiqandisini tof isimiso sikagesi yokulawula EPT (nge ukubopha womoya). Lo mklamo kwenza ukusetshenziswa tekutfutsa bagibeli ku izingoma. ukuphepha ephakeme inikezwa yokupaka ukubopha.

iqembu zinhlobo

Rolling leli qembu siqukethe isiteshi lwaluyophola, elise inqola ehlukile, Udizili, substation kagesi, kanye egumbini inkonzo. Umkhuhlane ikhiqizwa besebenzisa izitshalo ammonia idluliselwa kwezinye izimoto ngokusebenzisa uhlelo brine. amabhethri Special pre ukhiphela ketshezi chilled. ukwelashwa kwakhe wenziwa egumbini lenjini.

Ukushisisa Kwenziwa zokuhlanganisa izitofu kagesi aboshelwe ezingxenyeni ekupheleni umzimba. Amandla isilinganiso Ukushisa ngamunye isici 4 kW. Ukuvula amadivayisi wenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo thermostat noma isiteshi esiyinhloko esilawula elise ibhokisi hardware.

air kwegazi

Ngaphansi kophahla ingxenye ineziteshi ukudedela qeda emoyeni. Afundwa ingxube esebenzisa abalandeli kagesi. Basuke esiseHholo izingxenye ekupheleni umzimba. izinqola esiqandisini, okuyinto ezibekwe ngaphansi isithombe, abe control panel, kusukela lapho ukulungiswa ukufakwa udizili kanye nokugcinwa izimo lokushisa kunesidingo. Deflectors emoyeni ngokweqile lisusiwe, kwangaphakathi liner ezisemaceleni eyenziwe lukathayela lashukumisa, iraba flooring sekuphelile, kukhona metal nemigoqo, lingenza bese uvala ngendlela mpo.

mayelana izigaba

BMZ ekwenziweni kwesigaba 4 siqukethe amafriji, ngamunye ephethe pair of injini gumbi amafriji ukusebenza freon. Imoto isilinganiso ifakwe udizili ugesi kanye main ukusatshalaliswa panel. Umthamo isamba ukwakheka ivela amathani 160 200.

Analogs uhlobo ZB-5 (GDR), ezilenyawo ezine wezimpahla eyodwa udizili imoto. It izindlu ugesi, ezengeziwe ukulawula gumbi, amakamelo lobuchwepheshe abasebenzi. Ingxenye ngayinye yale esihlanganisiwe kakhulu, kuhlanganise nemingcele Uhlaka izindonga, ophahleni kanye nemishini. Refrigeration ukufakwa umsebenzi by usuke othomathikhi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-amasignali ishayela Ngemva kokukhetha oyifunayo umbuso ezishisayo. Kungenzeka ngesandla ukulawula ithuluzi nge control kusuka abanikeze asebenza nabo emotweni udizili. Amath- ukuvumela ukuba kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa elinqunyiwe, amafriji anikwe amandla injini diesel nge ipulaki uxhumano iyatholakala enisemikhawulweni izindonga. Athutha enqoleni esiqandisini zifakwa steel lukathayela lashukumisa. Ezinye ukushintshwa abanenhliziyo ukwakhiwa isangweji hlobo.

Isigaba: ZA isigaba sihlanganisa izimoto ezinhlanu, enye yazo ifakwe abazibhalelwe ihhovisi legatsha futhi amandla plant. Ukwehlukana emikhulu ziqukethe izinqola 12 (10 amafriji kanye onobuhle ubunjiniyela umusi).

abakhiqizi ezifuywayo

amafriji Iningi esetshenziswa ku nojantshi Russian kukhona ukushintshwa Abenzi ezimbili. Bryansk umshini wokwakha isitshalo okokuqala wakhulula esiqandisini-imoto, izici zazo letinikwe lapha ngenhla, ngo-1965. Ukukhiqizwa kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1990

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi bakhula onobuhle eziningana:

1. RS-5 - esiqandisini kwesigaba 5 zenqola, uvumela control lokushisa ukulondoloza cargo athuthwe esuka -20 kuya +14 degrees Celsius. Udizili isitimela kulesi sigaba kuyinto ohlobo 376.
2. kwesigaba Two-chamber ngaphansi Inkomba 16-3045. Umklamo ivumela ukugcina izinhlobo ezimbili imikhiqizo, sibonga amakamelo ehlukene, ezingasetshenziswa isethwe ngaphansi kwamazinga ahlukahlukene okushisa.

Enye nomkhiqizi owaziwa izimoto kubhekwe ukusebenza kulendzawo yangaphambilini eMpumalanga Jalimane. Inkampani FTD Fahrzeugtechnik Dessau AG ekhiqizwa refpoezda ngoba CMEA amazwe. Lezi zilimi zazihlanganisa pyativagonnye kwesigaba: ZA-5, ZB-5, kanye ukuguqulwa ezizimele (ARV futhi ARVE).

Ekupheleni

Njengoba sazi ukuthi isisindo izimoto esiqandisini kuyinto amathani 209, ukugcinwa yayo kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Njengomthetho, iyunithi ngalinye kuhambisana yithimba lobuchwepheshe. yemfanelo zawo zihlanganisa kokuqondisa isimo imishini, isheke layo njalo, ukulungiswa umbuso ezishisayo, kuhlanganise amath- kudingekile namanye amadivayisi.

Ngokuvamile, ngamunye akhonzwa nabasebenza amabili ngesitimela, lapho baguqulelwa ezinsukwini 45. Yokwamukelwa ukulethwa ukwakheka zenziwa unladen (ngaphandle ezimweni ezikhethekile ngemiyalo yezikhulu uMphathi edepho). Brigade iqoqo imiyalelo Railways. Ngokuvamile, lokhu induna ambalwa Mechanics.