Sezibalo English Dzhordzh Bul: Biography, umsebenzi

Njengoba bevela emkhayeni zokusebenza-labo abahluphekayo Dzhordzh Bul akazalwanga ngaleso sikhathi, endaweni engafanele, futhi ngokuqinisekile hhayi isigaba sezenhlalo. Akazange abe ithuba lokukhula genius IiMbalo, kodwana wakwenza naphezu konke.

Dzhordzh Bul: Biography

Born 2 Novemba 1815 emzini IsiZulu yezimboni Lincoln, Boole waba nenhlanhla ukuba ubaba naye ngokwakhe owayeke nesithakazelo kwi-mathematics ne wanika izifundo indodana yakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wafundisa kuye indlela yokwenza amathuluzi okubona. UGeorge Young wathatha ngentshiseko kuze ezifundweni zakhe, futhi nakuba eneminyaka engu kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, singcono kakhulu self-wafundisa kayise.

Umngane omkhaya kwabasiza ukufundisa umfana Latin eziyisisekelo neligwadulekile eminyakeni embalwa. Iminyaka 12 Bull uye elihunyushwe izinkondlo sasendulo saseRoma. Iminyaka 14, uGeorge kahle isiJalimane, isiNtaliyane nesiFulentshi. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-16 waba uthisha umsizi futhi ifundiswe ezikoleni zasemakhaya West Riding of Yorkshire. Ngezinye amabili, wavula isikole sakhe ezweni lakubo.

Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo isikhathi esifushane khulula Dzhordzh Bul wachitha ukufunda namajenali zezibalo waboleka e-Institute wendawo Bezobunjiniyela. Kuso, wafunda umsebenzi Isaaka Nyutona "le Principia" futhi umsebenzi ososayensi French Laplace futhi Lagrange XVIII futhi XIX eminyaka "Treatise on Mechanics Celestial" futhi "Mechanics Analytical". Ngokushesha kahle kunzima kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi izimiso zezibalo futhi waqala ukuze baxazulule izinkinga ezinzima Aljibhra.

Sekuyisikhathi siqhubekele phambili.

izinkanyezi Rising

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-24, Dzhordzh Bul eshicilelwe iphephabhuku zezibalo eCambridge University sihloko yakhe yokuqala, "Ukuhlola inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kugucuka ahlaziye" ku izinkinga algebraic ka kugucuka komugqa futhi umehluko zibalo ngokugcizelela nomqondo invariance. Kuyo yonke le minyaka eyishumi ezayo, inkanyezi yakhe waba uvuka ukusakaza njalo izihloko zokuqala, sidlulela ngalé wezibalo.

Ngo-1844, uye wagxila ukusetshenziswa ukuhlaziywa combinatorial futhi imisebenzi zezibalo amancane ngokungenamkhawulo futhi isibalo esingapheliyo. Ngawo lowo nyaka ngoba umsebenzi, olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of the Royal Society "Ukuthengiselana Philosophical," ngokuba iminikelo zakhe izingabunjalo nokuxoxisana izindlela yokuxuba algebra ukuze Ukwahlukaniswa futhi calculus ebalulekile, yena waklonyeliswa wendondo yegolide.

ngokushesha Dzhordzh Bul eqala ukuhlola kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa algebra ukuxazulula izinkinga logic. Esikhathini 1847 "Mathematical Ukuhlaziya Logic", akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi wandisa ezizathwini ngaphambili Gottfried Leibniz phezu ukuhlanganisa emkhatsini logic nezibalo ezingamaGreki, imfundo kodwa futhi wafakazela ukuthi wangaphambili ngokuyinhloko isiyalo zezibalo, kunokuba zefilosofi.

Lo msebenzi uye wabangela hhayi kuphela ukutuswa logic oluvelele Awugustu De Morgan (umeluleki ady Bayron), kodwa futhi kuvikelwe endaweni yakhe wezibalo Queens College e-Ireland ngisho ngaphandle imfundo yaseyunivesithi.

Dzhordzh Bul: algebra Izimiso eziphusile

Esekhululiwe imisebenzi yesikole, ubuhlakani zezibalo waqala kokubuka shí emsebenzini yabo, ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni "ukuhlaziywa Mathematical" futhi wanquma ukuthola indlela ukubhala agumenti okunengqondo ulimi obukhethekile ebingabusebenzisa kungenzeka ukuba bangasizakali nokuxazulula izibalo.

Yafika-algebra ngokolimi, imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko okwakukhona (futhi namanje basekhona) "KANYE", "NOMA" futhi "HHAYI". Lezi imisebenzi emithathu yisisekelo zako sasingabantwana opharetha kuphela edingekayo ukwenza imisebenzi ukuqhathanisa nemisebenzi zezibalo eziyisisekelo.

uhlelo Boole sika kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe emsebenzini wakhe "Ucwaningo imithetho yokucabanga, okuyinto ngesisekelo zonke izinkolelo-mbono zezibalo logic futhi kwenzeke" ngo-1854, ngokusekelwe indlela kanambambili, futhi eziqhutshwa izinto ezimbili kuphela - "yebo" noma "cha", "iqiniso" futhi " amanga "," on "futhi" msebenzi "ukunikela" 0 "futhi" 1 ".

ukuphila Siqu

Ngonyaka olandelayo washada noMariya Everest, nomshana Mnumzane George Everest, ngemva kobani okuthiwa intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lo mbhangqwana kwadingeka namadodakazi amahlanu. Omunye wabo, indodana endala, waba uthisha wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali. Abanye babehileleke geometry. Indodakazi encane ka George Boole, Ethel uLilian Voynich, waba umlobi odumile owabhala imisebenzi eziningana, ethandwa kakhulu okuyinto noveli "The nasibawu".

abalandeli

Ngokumangalisayo, banikezwe udumo wezibalo kumibuthano zezemfundo, umqondo Boole wagxeka noma indiva ngokuphelele labantu besikhathi sakhe. Ngenhlanhla, logician American Charles Sanders Peirce uvuliwe ngaphezulu.

Iminyaka eyishumi nambili emva kokushicilelwa "Ucwaningo" Pearce wenza inkulumo emfushane, echaza umbono ka Boole American Academy of Arts and Sciences, bese babechithe iminyaka engaphezu kuka-20, ukushintsha futhi ukhulisa khona ukubona amandla kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela practice. Lokhu kwagcina kuholele ekubeni ukuklanywa base kagesi logic wesifunda.

Pierce logic yakhe theory empeleni alikaze lakhiwe, njengoba kwaba isazi olukhulu kunalolu ngogesi, kodwa wasungula Aljibhra Izimiso eziphusile e izifundo enyuvesi nefilosofi okunengqondo.

Ekugcineni, omunye umfundi onekhono, Klod Shennon, wathatha lo mbono futhi ithuthukiswe ke.

umsebenzi wakamuva

Ngo-1957, uGeorge Boole wakhethwa Zakhamizi yi-Royal Society.

Emva "Ucwaningo", wanyathelisa eziningi imisebenzi, okuyiqembu ezimbili njengomuntu onethonya elikhulu kakhulu yiwona "Treatise on umehluko zibalo" (1859) kanye "A Treatise phezu Calculus of Umehluko ezilinganiselwe" (1860). Izincwadi esetshenziswa njengoba izincwadi iminyaka eminingi. Wazama nokuthintana udale indlela eyayivamile okungenzeka theory, esizokwenza idatha kusuka kwenzeke engasekelwe ohlelweni imicimbi ukucacisa okungenzeka okwalandela yanoma yimuphi umcimbi elihlobene ne-ecacisiwe okunengqondo.

Ubufakazi yakamuva

Ngeshwa, umsebenzi kwaphazanyiswa Boulle lapho efa of "imikhuhlane okunomkhuhlane" e engu-49 ngemva kokuya 3 amakhilomitha emvuleni, futhi uye lectured izingubo ezimanzi. Lokhu wayekade proven once more ukuthi ubuhlakani futhi ingqondo ngezinye izikhathi kuncane kakhulu okuzihlanganisa.

ifa

"Ukuhlaziywa Mathematical" futhi "Ucwaningo" George Boole omula algebra Izimiso eziphusile, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi logic Izimiso eziphusile.

uhlelo yakhe yamanani amabili, ama-agumenti ngokuhlukana ku-class ehlukene, okungase imisebenzi ngokuvumelana khona noma ukungabi khona izakhiwo ezithile iye yasiza ukwenza okuqondiswayo kungakhathaliseki inani izakhi ngabanye.

IziNyathelo Buhl kwaholela ekusungulweni kwezicelo, ayekwazi nakukucabanga. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-computer asetshenziswa izinombolo kanambambili futhi izakhi okunengqondo, owakheke ngayo nosebenza ngayo ogxile logic Izimiso eziphusile. Isayensi, okuyinto kubhekwa umsunguli Dzhordzh Bul, ikhompyutha, ihlola izisekelo ezicatshangelwayo kolwazi kanye ikhompyutha, kanye nezindlela ezingokoqobo ukuqaliswa yabo.