Bangaki acid acid kuyingxenye amaprotheni? Amaqembu nezinhlobo amino acid

Abaningi bethu bazi ukuthi amaprotheni adingekayo umzimba njengoba equkethe ama-asidi acid. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu uyakuqonda lokho lezi zinto nokuthi kungani yobukhona babo Ukudla kubaluleke kangaka. Namuhla sithola ukuthi acid eziningi acid kufakwe Ukwakheka amaprotheni, indlela zihlukaniswa nalokho umsebenzi wenziwa.

Yiziphi amino acid?

Ngakho, ama-amino acid (a-aminocarboxylic wena) - kukhona organic compounds okuyizinto izakhi eziyisisekelo akha isakhiwo amaprotheni. Amaprotheni, esikhundleni salokho, iqhaza zonke izinqubo bokuphila emzimbeni womuntu. Akha amathambo, imisipha, nemisipha, izitho zangaphakathi kanye nemisipha, izinwele nezinzipho. Amaphrotheni bayingxenye umzimba ngesikhathi synthesis amino acid, uvela ukudla. Ngenxa yalokho, akukho amaprotheni kuyinto izakhi ezibalulekile, acid okungukuthi acid. Futhi akuzona zonke amaprotheni badalwa belingana, ngoba ngamunye wabo ngezithako zawo siqu esiyingqayizivele yalezi acid efanayo.

Bangaki acid acid kuyingxenye iprotheni

Isakhiwo amaphrotheni kuyinto kubenzima, cabangela-ke ezingeni eliyisisekelo. Siyazi ukuthi amino acid carboxylic kukhona amabhlogo wokwakha isakhiwo wabiza amaprotheni ku muzi ngokuthi indoda. Nokho, akubona bonke amaprotheni babe ngokunembile lawo makhemikhali ukuthi sidinga. Uma ubheka iprotheni ngesibonakhulu, ungabona uchungechunge amino acid ezihlanganiswe peptide izibopho. ukukhuluma Cishe, izixhumanisi chain kukhona emzimbeni wethu ukulungisa nokwakhiwa impahla.

Ngokumangalisayo, kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho ososayensi ngingazi ukuthi ngingaqhubeka kanjani eziningi ezahlukene acid acid ingxenye amaprotheni. Iningi lazo zatholwa 19, kanye nezinye ekhulwini lama-20. Ososayensi wathatha iminyaka 119 ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo ekugcineni: "Zingaki acid acid kuyingxenye iprotheni?" Uhlaka ngamunye wabo uye wafundela ukuba ngisho isikhathi eside.

Namuhla siyazi ukuthi ukusebenza evamile umzimba womuntu udinga 20 acid proteinogenic acid. Lokhu ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi majeure acid amabili. Ngokombono i-chemistry, basuke oluthathwa by izimfanelo setha. Kodwa townsfolk elula abaseduze ngezigaba acid kungenziwa kuhlelwe umqondo futhi emzimbeni wethu. Kulesi sisekelo lo amino acid kubalulekile futhi engabalulekile.

Kulesi ngezigaba, kukhona inezici ezithile ezingathandeki. Ngokwesibonelo, arginine kwezinye izifundazwe bokuphila ubhekwa esisemqoka, kodwa kungenziwa kuhlelwe umqondo ngu umzimba. A histidine ihlawulelwa e ezinjalo eziningi ezincane ukuthi kusadingeka ukuba nokudla.

Manje njengoba siyazi ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi ama-amino acid kufakwe Ukwakheka amaprotheni, sihlolisise zombili izinhlobo.

Esisemqoka (kubalulekile)

Njengoba ubona, lezi izinto angeke ngokuzimela kuhlelwe umqondo ngu umzimba, ngakho ziphele ukudla. Inani oyinhloko acid kubalulekile organic ezitholakala amaprotheni isilwane. Lapho yokuntuleka somzimba yesici esithile, uqala beyikhipha kusukela izicubu kwemisipha. Lesi sigaba siqukethe 8 acid. Sibheka ngamunye wabo.

leucine

Le asidi unesibopho ukubuyiselwa nokuvikelwa kwemisipha izicubu, esikhunjeni nasemathanjeni. Kuyinto ngenxa leucine bukhipha i-hormone ukukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, organic acid ulawula amazinga kashukela futhi kusiza ashise amanoni. Sitholakala inyama, amantongomane, ubhontshisi, irayisi unpolished nokolweni okusanhlamvu. Lecithin kuvusa amaprotheni zamagama, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunomthelela kwemisipha ukukhula.

isoleucine

Le asidi isheshisa amandla adingwa, ngakho-ke kuba kangaka uyakuthanda abasubathi. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwazo imisebenzi kuyasiza ekululameni okusheshayo kwemisipha zesivikelo sesifuba. Isoleucine kususa okuthiwa imisiwe kuqala imisipha soreness, ohilelekile kumiswa elithwala umoya-mpilo futhi kulawula umthamo ushukela. isoleucine Iningi ezitholakala inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, amantongomane, uphizi kabhontshisi.

lysine

Le asidi acid linendima ebalulekile kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. umsebenzi Its main - ukuhlanganiswa kwezici amasosha omzimba, ukuvikela umzimba wethu ukulwa namagciwane kanye nomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lysine ulawula inqubo ithambo inzuzo collagen, kanye hormone sokukhula. Lokhu organic acid ingatholakala ukudla ezifana amaqanda, amazambane, inyama ebomvu, inhlanzi kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi.

phenylalanine

Le asidi alpha-amino obhekene ukusebenza evamile isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. ukuntula wayo emzimbeni kuholela neziqubu zokucindezeleka kanye nezifo ezingamahlala khona. Phenylalanine kusisiza ukuba zilalelisise futhi ngekhanda imininingwane edingekayo. Kuyinto ingxenye izidakamizwa esetshenziswa ekwelashweni kwe-nokuphazamiseka engqondweni, kuhlanganise isifo i-Parkinson. A nomphumela omuhle pancreas. Acid acid ezitholakala nati, amakhowe, inkukhu, imikhiqizo yobisi, ubhanana, amabhilikosi neJerusalema i-artichoke.

methionine

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kungakanani acid acid kuyingxenye amaprotheni, kodwa abantu abaningi bazi ukuthi methionine ngenkuthalo burns izicubu fat. Kodwa lokhu akulona zonke izakhiwo ezuzisayo le acid. Kuthinta ngokukhuthazela nokusebenza amalungelo. Uma umzimba wakhe kunganele, kungaqondakala ngokushesha isikhumba nezinzipho. Methionine uyatholakala ekudleni efana inyama, inhlanzi, imbewu sunflower, ubhontshisi, u-anyanisi, u-garlic kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi.

threonine

Ezama ukuthola kangakanani acid acid kuyingxenye amaprotheni, ososayensi baye bathola ubufakazi, ezifana threonine, ingenye yezindawo zokugcina. Kodwa kuyasiza kakhulu kubantu. Threonine unesibopho zonke izinhlelo ezinkulu umzimba womuntu, okungukuthi sezinzwa, amasosha omzimba bese zenhliziyo. Uphawu lokuqala ngokuntula kwakhe - izinkinga ngamazinyo namathambo. Iningi umuntu threonine uthola kusuka imikhiqizo yobisi, inyama, amakhowe, imifino kanye nokusanhlamvu.

tryptophan

Enye ndaba ebalulekile. Kuyinto unesibopho synthesis serotonin, okuyinto evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-hormone of ajabule. Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana tryptophan kungatholakala ngubuthongo thuthuva, ukungakuthandi ukudla. Le asidi futhi ulawula umsebenzi lokuphefumula nomfutho wegazi. Kuqukethwe ikakhulu ku: kwasolwandle, inyama ebomvu, yenkukhu, imikhiqizo yobisi kakolweni.

valine

It yenza umsebenzi wokubuyisela kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba ezilimele, futhi uqaphe izinqubo umzimba bemisipha. Lapho imithwalo esindayo ungaba kumqhubezela. Futhi ifeza indima umsebenzi ngokwengqondo. Kuyasiza ekwelapheni kwesibindi kanye nobuchopho kusukela imiphumela emibi ngokweqile idla nezidakamizwa. Umuntu angathola valine ka: inyama, amakhowe, soy, imikhiqizo yobisi, namantongomane.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi u-70% wabo bonke acid organic emzimbeni wethu athathe acid amathathu nje acid: leucine, isoleucine futhi valine. Ngakho-ke, ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto obaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza evamile umzimba. Kwezemidlalo umsoco nginikeze eziyinkimbinkimbi olukhethekile BCAAs, equkethe lezi acid amathathu.

Siyaqhubeka baphendule lo mbuzo mayelana eziningi kanjani ezinkulu acid acid ingxenye amaprotheni, futhi uqhubekele abameleli ekilasini fungible.

nezilandiso

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi leli qembu ukuthi wonke amalungu kwalo kungase kumiswe umzimba ngokusebenzisa zamagama endogenous. Igama elithi "engabalulekile" wethula abantu abanengi. Ngakho ngokuvamile abantu abangenalwazi bathi lezi amino acid kungukuthi ngempela babambeke ukudla. Yiqiniso, akunjalo! Okungashintsheka acid, kanye kubalulekile, kumele babe yingxenye ekudleni kwansuku zonke. Empeleni ngibabheka njengomndeni zingase zimiswe kusuka ezinye izinto. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma Ukudla senziwa ngendlela engafanele. Khona-ke ingxenye nomsoco kanye acid kubalulekile esichithwa ukuvuselelwa acid ukufaka endaweni. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akukona okuhle umzimba. Ake acid kubalulekile ukwakha "majeure amabili".

alanine

Ngesivinini umzimba carbohydrate excretion kusukela ubuthi isibindi. Sitholakala ukudla ezifana inyama, yenkukhu, amaqanda, izinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yalo.

aspartic acid

It kubhekwa fuel jikelele emzimbeni yethu, kusukela kakhulu kuthuthukisa umzimba. Found in ubisi, umoba, izinkukhu kanye yenkomo.

asparagine

Ukuzama ukuphendula umbuzo: "? Zingaki acid acid kuyingxenye iprotheni", Ososayensi eyaqala ukutholwa ke asparagine. Kwathi emuva 1806. Le asidi ehilelekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza isimiso sezinzwa. Sitholakala zonke amaprotheni isilwane, kanye amantongomane, amazambane nokusanhlamvu.

histidine

Kuyinto isakhi esibalulekile zonke izitho zangaphakathi. Kufeza cishe indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni obomvu nomhlophe egazi. A nomphumela omuhle amasosha omzimba, futhi umsebenzi wocansi. Ngenxa ezahlukene izicelo, histidine ezitolo selinciphile ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba uhambe nayo ukudla. Found in inyama, yobisi wokudla imikhiqizo.

noSerine

Kuvuselela ekusebenzeni kobuchopho futhi uqondiswe isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Sitholakala ukudla ezifana inyama, soy, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane.

cysteine

Le asidi acid emzimbeni unesibopho synthesis yi-keratin. Ngaphandle kwayo, bekungeke kube khona izinzipho enempilo, izinwele kanye isikhumba. Akhiwe imikhiqizo efana inyama, amaqanda, obomvu pepper, garlic, anyanisi kanye broccoli.

arginine

Ukukhuluma ngendlela acid kakhulu proteinogenic acid kufakwe Ukwakheka amaprotheni yini imisebenzi abasenzela, sasiqiniseka ukuthi ngamunye wabo kubalulekile ngoba umzimba. Nokho, kukhona acid, okuyinto, ngokusho kongoti, ezibhekwa izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu. Lezindawo zifaka arginine. Yena unesibopho ukusebenza okunempilo kwemisipha, amalunga, libonakala lishonile kunesikhumba, isibindi, futhi kuqinisa amasosha omzimba, lishisa amafutha. Arginine livame ukusetshenziswa bodybuilders nalabo abafisa ukuba anciphise umzimba, lichaza ekwakheni izithasiselo. Ngendlela yemvelo butholakala inyama, amantongomane, ubisi, okusanhlamvu kanye gelatin.

glutaminic acid

Kuyinto esibalulekile for ukusebenza okunempilo zobuchopho nomgogodla. Okuvamise ithengiswa njengoba amaphilisi "MSG". Found in amaqanda, inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, inhlanzi, izaqathe, ummbila, utamatisi no isipinashi.

glutamine

Isidingo amaprotheni ukusekela ukukhula kwemisipha. Futhi a "fuel" zobuchopho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, glutamine ubonisa zonke kwesibindi lusukela ukudla okungenamsoco. Lapho ukwelashwa ukushisa denatures acid, ngakho ukwenza i-ke, udinga ukusebenzisa iparsley isipinashi eluhlaza.

glycine

Kuyasiza igazi ihlule, kanye glucose - kusetshenzwe ku amandla. Found in inyama, inhlanzi, ubhontshisi kanye nobisi.

proline

Lubhekele zamagama collagen. Nge ukuntula proline emzimbeni uqale izinkinga ngokuhlanganyela. Isikhathi esiningi ezitholakala amaprotheni isilwane, ngakho-ke cishe ketshezi kuphela kuyiphi nazo ukushoda abantu ungadli inyama.

tyrosine

Unesibopho ukulawulwa blood pressure kanye nenhliziyo emnyama. Nge ukuntuleka kwalesi acid umuntu ehlupheka ukukhathala. Ukuze lezi zinkinga wayengekho, udinga ukudla ubhanana, imbewu, amantongomane ukwatapheya.

Ukudla okune-amino acid

Manje uyazi ukuthi kungakanani acid acid kuyingxenye amaprotheni. Umsebenzi nendawo ngamunye wabo, wena eyaziwa. Phawula imikhiqizo main, okuyinto niyadla, awukwazi ukhathazeke ukulingana kwamandla ngokuya amino acid.

Amaqanda. Ngokuphelele amuncwa wumzimba, mnike semali amino acid kanye amaprotheni ukuhlinzeka umquba.

Imikhiqizo yobisi. Umuntu anganikeza eziningi izinto eziwusizo spectrum okuyinto ngenhlanhla akugcini acid organic.

Inyama. Mhlawumbe, umthombo wokuqala wamaprotheni ne izinto eziqukethwe kulo.

Fish. Rich in amaprotheni kanye digestibility yomzimba kahle.

Abantu abaningi aqiniseka ngokugcwele ukuthi asikho isilwane 'by-imikhiqizo hhayi anganikeza umzimba nge lemali efanele of amaprotheni. Lena neze iqiniso. Futhi ubufakazi lokhu nesibalo esikhulu inyama nge isesimeni esihle ngokomzimba. Phakathi imikhiqizo isitshalo liwumthombo oyinhloko amino acid kukhona okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, okusanhlamvu, imbewu.

isiphetho

Namuhla sifundile kangakanani acid acid kuyingxenye amaprotheni. amaqembu izinto futhi incazelo eningiliziwe nababamele kuzokusiza uzulazule e nokubhalwa ekudleni yokudla ukudla okunempilo.