Bangaki igolide Russian? Ezigcina igolide Russia

Kuyinto imfihlo lelo golide ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso uphawu yengcebo. Ngenxa yalesi ensimbini eyigugu abantu inkunzi bancishwa ukuphila. uthi wonke ahileleke izingxabano zempi, ukuze uthole ilungelo ifa igolide.

Okwamanje, "brilliant" amaminerali akalilahlile ngokubaluleka kwazo nendlela ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa imibuso yezwe njengethuluzi eliphumelelayo ukuvikela kusuka ucabanga zezimali. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxenye enkulu esiqiwini (umshwalense) Isikhwama, njengasekuqaleni, igolide.

"Ngo-reserve"

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izibalo lanamuhla zibonisa ukuthi Tsentrabankah emazweni ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise izinqolobane IMF sika, "amanga" ezingamathani angaphezu kwenkulungwane 32 ka "enhle" metal. Kuyinto nakakhulu sabantu ngesimo zemali nezinto zokuhloba.

Kule ndaba, abaningi abantu bakithi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi ingakanani igolide Russian.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuqaleni ngekhulu xxi ivolumu igolide akhiqizwa emhlabeni imayelana 150 400 amathani "shiny" metal.

Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, sibalo ngenhla uvukile by amathani ayinkulungwane 15.

Mayelana 20% "izwe" amabhange reserve global ubambe njengoba izimpahla reserve and kuqiniswa izimali.

Stock isakhiwo sibe mayelana 1750 amathani "brilliant" ka ensimbini eyigugu, okuhloswe ngokuyinhloko izinkampani utshalomali.

Yiqiniso, izakhamuzi zaleli zwe elikhulukazi e nemibandela ukuntengantenga we lwemali kazwelonke ngeke ukwazi abaningi kanjani igolide Russian.

US isikhundla ngevolumu yegolide

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi-yalolucwaningo 30 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, emazweni amaningi, ukwesaba ubudlova isiJalimane, e-United States yanikela esandleni yegolide zabo ukuze alondeke. Kuze kube namuhla, sebeseduze Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Okwamanje, uhulumeni wase-US uqaphe ngokucophelela yonke imisebenzi IMF sezimali, okungakwazi bachithe igolide ngaphandle kokugunyazwa isiShayamthetho.

Kuze kube muva nje, lesi simo konke ezilungiswe. izinyathelo Nokho, ngo-2011, Venezuela usuqalise okuhloswe ngaso ukubuya olulinganiselwe metal yizicukuthwane engekho kuleli, okuyinto angaba ngu-160 kuwufanele $ 11 bhiliyoni.

Isimo ezweni lethu

Kodwa emuva lo mbuzo: "Zingaki igolide Russian" Ngemva akanhlanhlatsi zomlando kancane.

NaseRussia ngaphambi inguquko

Russian igolide reserve ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX kwaba ngaphezu umxhwele. Kufanele kuqashelwe nokuthi babebaningi uzimisele yokuphangwa, "wayesaphaze" uphinde uthengise impahla yesikhwama igolide yezwe kuleyo nkathi yomlando. Naphezu kwalokhu, ngo-1913 lapho ayebhekwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. "Bangaki igolide Russian oko?" - ubuza. Kwakukhona abangaba ngu-600 amathani ensimbini eyigugu, owawungumnyaka okulingana cishe 1 ezingu-700 sesigidi sama-ruble (at lanamuhla lokushintsha - $ 60 billion)

Soviet Russia

Ngemva October Revolution, ingxenye enkulu "igolide Russian" yavela emazweni Western Europe. Hlala endaweni yase-USSR ingcebo kwaphangwa kokubili obomvu nomhlophe.

Lapho iMpi Yezwe I iphelile, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange uthembise adlulisele oda 250 amathani zegolide eJalimane e isinxephezelo.

Esikhathini 20s kwekhulu elidlule, iSoviet Union waphula izikhulu nge angaba ngu-200 egolide ukuze ukuthenga amakhanda "ezibizayo" British and Swiss. Ekugcineni, ngenkathi uhulumeni wamaSoviet "wayesaphaze" amathani ezincwadi angaphezu kwangu-500 ensimbini eyigugu.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-30-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, kodwa zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela igolide wase-USSR akazange idlule 150 tonnes.

Phakathi collectivization neziphathimandla sebeqala bahlanganyele ezimayini zegolide. Ngenxa yalokho, ekuqaleni kwawo-50-yalolucwaningo, izwe lethu ethathwe umhlaba amathani angaphezu kuka-2051 zegolide - lesi sibalo Udlule igolide inqolobane "bobukhosi 'yeRussia.

Kwadlula amashumi eminyaka, "igolide" Isikhwama kwehle, futhi phakathi nawo-80 kakade kwase ubukhulu elingamathani angaba ngu-700.

ngemva ukulungiswa

Ekuqaleni '90s, inkathi' mass ethengisa-off 'kahulumeni, okuholela inqolobane igolide yezwe mpofu ezingamathani angaba ngu-480.

Ngo-1992, inqubomgomo "emikhulu ethengisa-off," baqhubeka Boris Yeltsin, kanye umthamo yegolide kwehle ukuze amathani 290.

Ukuqala ngekhulu xxi

Ekuqaleni entsha yeminyaka, ezingaphezu kuka izikhulu baqala ukugxila izindlela isizinda igolide, ukuze ukukhiqizwa yayo belilokhu ziyanda.

Eminyakeni nje eyishumi ezweni lethu liye lakwazi ucindezela Japan ukuthatha lwesishiyagalombili indawo simo uthi imali ngobukhulu we "metal yizicukuthwane". Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi bangaki amathani zegolide eRussia , kwakukhona ngo-2010? Mayelana 800. Ekuqaleni kuka-2011, inhloko Central Bank wathi ukuthi uhlaka zezimali uhlose ukwandisa inani ensimbini eyigugu e yegolide, unyaka ngamunye ukuthola amathani angaphezu kuka-100 ingots.

Akubona bonke abaneziphiwo ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yegolide kakhulu eRussia, wakwazi ukulondoloza-2011. Ngakwazi ukufinyelela uphawu amathani 871,1. Abaholi kulezi izikhundla namuhla emazweni anjenge China, India, Germany. Ukukhiqizwa ezimayini zegolide anda eKazakhstan nase Belarus.

namuhla

Yiqiniso, abantu abaningi zinesithakazelo ngokuyinhloko umbuzo kanjani negolide eliningi manje eRussia. Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi phakathi nale minyaka emihlanu edlule izwe lakithi liye landa ngevolumu yegolide okungenani ngesigamu.

Nokho, ingakanani igolide limbiwa Russia manje? Uma sithatha ku-akhawunti e-2014, amathani 272 egolide base misela ngoba isikhathi sakho. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa eminyakeni yamuva, okuyisilinganiso sabangu-ezingu-12 ezweni lethu ikhiqizwa amathani 200 kuya 300 ensimbini eyigugu. Yilokho amabhomu amaningi indlela igolide Russia ngonyaka. Ngiyavuma, lokhu okuningi. Uma sikhuluma namuhla, izwe lethu likwazi mayelana 1200 amathani zegolide.

Oveza ingcebo yezwe lethu

izifunda yamasu ukukhiqizwa ezweni lethu, i-metal yizicukuthwane yilezi: Republic Bashkortostan, Magadan futhi Irkutsk Izifunda, le Krasnoyarsk Territory, eKhabarovsk Territory. Izinkampani main kule ndawo angabhekwa ka "Northern Urals Gold", SAM futhi CJSC "Magadan Silver", JSC "Seligdar", LLC "Neryungri Metallic", JSC "Imayini Aprelkovo".

Lapho umcebo lilondolozwe

Mayelana 70% Isikhwama igolide Russia bagxila enhloko-dolobha, okungukuthi izakhiwo Central Bank of Russia esitolo. Engcebweni main lilondolozwe bullion, okuyinto wawanda 6100 mapayipi. Isisindo ejwayelekile ingot ezomhlaba kusukela amakhilogremu 10 kuya 14. IMisa ingot ntathu kuhluka 100 1000 amagremu.

Okwamanje, zigcine igolide yezwe iyingxenye yesikhwama sinjalo, ozoqinisekisa ukuvikelwa baseRussia uma kwenzeka uthuthumele kwezomnotho.

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa namuhla zonke izakhamuzi zezwe lethu ungadala izinqolobane zakho igolide, kokuvula idiphozi metal noma ukuthenga bullion ebhange "brilliant" amaminerali.