Yempi British "Dreadnought"

Uhlobo imikhumbi Dreadnought ziyingxenye kankulunkulu ongaphili uhlanga izingalo phakathi amandla amakhulu emhlabeni ngosuku olwandulela kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Lezi yempi wafuna ukudala ehola uthi zasolwandle. Okokuqala kwaba-United Kingdom, okuyinto eye yaba idume izimoto zawo njalo. Hhayi wasala engasenabo dreadnoughts kanye Russian Empire, okuyinto, naphezu kobunzima yayo yasekhaya, uye wakwazi ukwakha ezine mkhathi yabo.

Bekuyiziphi imikhumbi ekilasini Dreadnought, iyini indima yabo ezimpini zezwe, ukuthi kwenzekani kubo kamuva, empeleni iyokwaziwa ngisho kulesi sihloko.

ngezigaba

Uma ulihlola imithombo ihlobene nempikiswano phambi kwethu, singenza isiphetho esithakazelisayo. It kuvela ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili dreadnoughts:

1. umkhumbi Maritime "Dreadnought", okwakunginika igama layo lonke ikilasi labasebenza yempi.
2. Isikhala Cruiser, okuyinto ezishiwo franchise "Star Wars."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzobe wale mikhumbi, kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe.

ekilasini dreadnought

Ihamba alesi sigaba uvele ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. sici alandisa iyona iyunifomu wezikhali izikhali kuphela ezinkulu-osezingeni (305 mm). Igama enkantolo yezempi wezikhali wathola emva omele yokuqala yale ekilasini. Zaba isikebhe "Dreadnought". Igama uhumusha esiNgisi anjengelithi "elinesibindi". Kungenxa nalesi igama elihlobene yempi ka ngekota yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Eyokuqala "ongesabi '

A revolution umkhumbi asolwandle empeleni uzibophezele "Dreadnought". Lokhu yempi British kwaba sikakhokho of isigaba esisha yempi.

Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo yempi kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile kanjalo shipbuilding emhlabeni, ngemva ukubukeka kwakhe amandla asolwandle 1906 waqala ukuqalisa amaphrojekthi afanayo ekhaya. Uyini adumile "Dreadnought"? Lo mkhumbi, isithombe okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi, idaliwe Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. A "sverhdrednouty" zadalwa phezulu yayo. Ngakho-ke, lokho ababekubheka njengemininingwane yezimpi ezinkulu ezifana Jutland, yempi akazange ngisho iqhaza.

Nokho, impi ukufeza kwakusabalulekile. Lo mkhumbi rammed ngwenya isiJalimane, eyayiphansi umyalo ka-Otto Weddigen. Ngesikhathi kuqala impi ngwenya ephethwe ukucwila olulodwa ezintathu Cruisers British.

Ekuphetheni umkhumbi impi "Dreadnought" waba zilahlwe futhi uthathe isizinda.

mkhathi

Ezweni yokudlala of "Izimpi Star" ubuye "Dreadnought". Mkhathi lwenzelwe ezinsukwini the Old Republic Corporation "Starships Rendili". Cruiser yalolu hlobo bekuhamba kancane nengenawo ivikelwe zempi. Nokho, le mishini isikhathi eside bakhonza izinhlangano eziningi futhi ohulumeni.

Isikhali uhlelo mkhathi lalinabashumayeli amathuluzi ezilandelayo:

• amabili isikwele laser, ibekwe phambi, kwesokunxele kanye kwesokudla;
• eziyishumi laser, esemgwaqweni ngakwesokunxele kanye ilungelo;
• amabhethri eziyishumi, ibekwe phambi futhi emkhunjini.

Ukuze elikhulu ukusebenza impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu abadingayo labasebenzi engengaphansi kwengu yizinkulungwane eziyishumi nesithupha abantu. Athatha zonke mkhathi isikhala. Esikhathini Izinsuku zoMbuso Wase-Galactic, lolu hlobo mikhumbi yayisetshenziselwa njengoba patrol ezikude Empire izinhlelo, kanye nothile lapho bevakashela iziguli ukuba imikhumbi yezimpahla.

Rebel Alliance wasondela ngendlela ehlukile ukuze ukusetshenziswa Cruisers ezinjalo. Ngemva kwengxoxo bebizelwa lokushaya frigates, eyayintula inombolo enkulu zibhamu ezikwazi futhi kudingeka iqembu elinabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu kuphela. ushintsho olunjalo adinga imali enkulu isikhathi nemali, ngakho frigates kuhlasela kwakungeyona okuningi. Kulandelwe ukubuyisa ukuze emhlabeni wangempela.

"Drednoutnaya imfiva"

Ukwakhiwa eNgilandi we yempi entsha kwakuhambisana nezinga ekuqaleni uhlanga izingalo ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ngakho amazwe omhlaba anothile futhi beqale nokwakha efanayo ukulwa amayunithi. Lapho ukuthi ekhona ngaleso sikhathi yempi walahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwabo empini, wakhe ubuhanjelwe yempi "Dreadnought".

Saqala umbango phakathi kwemibuso zasolwandle ekwakhiweni wale mikhumbi, okuyinto yaziwa ngokuthi "drednoutnaya imfiva." Ukuphakama kuwo igcinwe baseNgilandi naseJalimane. UK uye njalo kwakudingeka afune ukuthi ukuhola amanzi, ngakho-ke wadala imikhumbi kabili njengoba ningi kuka Albion. Germany wafuna catch up lwaleli-imbangi laliqala ukwanda yayo imikhumbi. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni neqiniso lokuthi konke uthi zasolwandle European baphoqeleka ukuba uqale ukwakha yempi. Kubo kwakubalulekile ukuba silondoloze usithonye enkundleni yomhlaba.

Ezimweni ekhethekile yayifike-United States. Isimo babengenalo izinsongo obala ezinye izizwe, ngakho kwadingeka enesikhathi esiningi futhi wakwazi ukusebenzisa isipiliyoni womklamo dreadnoughts kuya esiphezulu.

dreadnoughts Ukwakhela yaba nobunzima bayo. Chief phakathi kwawo kwakukhona ukubekwa kwemibhoshongo eyinhloko wezikhali osezingeni. isimo ngasinye ekuxazululeni impikiswano ngendlela yabo.

"Drednoutnaya imfiva" okwaholela yokuthi ekuqaleni Lokuqala Umhlaba isiZulu imikhumbi kwadingeka yempi amane nambili, kanye German - ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nesithupha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo England imikhumbi kwadingeka izibhamu osezingeni enkulu, kodwa akubanga ezingaguquki njengoba dreadnoughts eJalimane. Amanye amazwe bagula kakhulu ukwedlula izimbangi zayo eziyinhloko e-inani lemikhumbi yalolu hlobo.

Dreadnoughts eRussia

Ukuze silondoloze ukuma kwayo phezu kolwandle ukuze kwakhiwe yempi we Dreadnought (isigaba lwemikhumbi) waqala neRussia. Ubheka isimo kuleli zwe, umbuso onezinkinga zokugcina amandla futhi wakwazi Dala ingqikithi ezine yempi.

LK Russian Empire:

• "Sevastopol '.
• "Grangut".
• "Petropavlovsk".
• "Poltava".

Eyokuqala phakathi uhlobo olufanayo ilungiselelo lwemikhumbi, Yethulwe, kwaba "Sevastopol '. Indaba yakhe kufanele kubhekwe kabanzi.

Lo mkhumbi "Sevastopol '

Ukuze yempi Black Sea Fleet "Sevastopol" yasungulwa ngo-1909, okungukuthi iminyaka eminingana ngemva kokuzalwa-prototype yayo British - edumile umkhumbi "Dreadnought". Lo mkhumbi "Sevastopol 'wadalwa ngesikhathi Baltic Shipyard kule minyaka emibili edlule. Uhlelo Wakwazi ukuqala ngisho kamuva - kuphela ebusika 1914.

yempi Russian iqhaza elibonakalayo Okokuqala Umhlaba, ezinze Gelsinforse (Finland). Ngemva ukusayinwa le Brest ukuthula , washintshelwa Kronstadt. Ngo kulwiwa lalisetshenziswa ekumeleleni Petrograd.

Ngo-1921, amatilosi wasekela Kronstadt ukuvukela, siqhumisa on sababekholelwa amandla Soviet. Ngemva nokucindezela crew ukuvukela avuselelwa cishe ngokuphelele.

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka interwar, yempi iqanjwe kabusha "Paris isigodi" futhi uyiswa Black Sea, okwenza Flagship Sea Fleet.

Phakathi Okwesibili Umhlaba Dreadnought iqhaza ekumeleleni Sevastopol ngo-1941. Ngemva konyaka, The Gunners zaphawula ushintsho kule emgqonyeni isibhamu, okubonisa bafake "Paris isigodi". Ngaphambi ukukhululwa kuka-Insimu yase-USSR, yempi wema Poti, lapho lalungiswa. Ngo-1943 wabuyela igama original, futhi ngemva konyaka "Sevastopol 'langena kuhlasela YaseCrimea, ekhulula ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngemva kwempi, umkhumbi zaqala ukusetshenziswa ngezinjongo zokufundisa, ngenkathi zamashumi amahlanu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili awuzange adiliza laqaqwa.

I sverhdrednoutov ukuvela

Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu indalo yayo, umkhumbi uhlobo dreadnought nabalandeli bakhe bathole zibuye ziphelelwe isikhathi. Bona kwangena sverhdrednouty okuthiwa ababenolwazi inganono ubukhulu 343 mm. Kamuva, le ipharamitha luyanda 381 mm, futhi ngemva kokufinyelela 406 amamilimitha angu. I ngqa kubhekwa saseBrithani umkhumbi "Orion". Ngaphezu kwalokho, lase lenyuke ncwadi bead yempi eyandulela yehluke Imininingwane amaphesenti amabili nanhlanu ka.

Kugcine ku Dreadnought emhlabeni

Kugcine phakathi yempi dreadnought kubhekwa "Vanguard", wadala e-UK emva kwempi yezwe yesibili, ngo-1946. Design ke ngo-1939, kodwa, naphezu ezisheshayo, baba ukusebenza ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi akabanga nesikhathi. Ngemva kokuphela ezinkulu ukulwa imisebenzi futhi kwaqedwa yempi nhlobo ehlile.

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi "Vanguard" kubhekwa owokugcina dreadnoughts, kubuye kube kunazo zonke kwezingu-yempi yaseBrithani.

Ngemva kwempi, umkhumbi yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo yacht wasebukhosini. Wenza uhambo elaseMedithera futhi eNingizimu Afrika. Futhi-ke lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela umkhumbi ukuqeqeshwa. Wakhonza kuze kube sekupheleni zamashumi amahlanu kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, kuze kube walethwa Reserve. Ngo-1960, yempi ususiwe ukusuka inkonzo futhi ithengiswe laqaqwa.