Beta-blocker

Beta-blocker asetshenziswa njengoba izidakamizwa antihypertensive kusukela sixties ekuseni. Kusukela ukuthola imiphumela yokuqala yokuphathwa nosuku ukusebenza kwabo kuyinto eyaziwayo ezifundweni eziningi elawulwa, kanye, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu umthelela ngaphezulu izindlela zesimanje.

Beta-blocker asetshenziswa ngempumelelo ku kunciphise umfutho wegazi futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kanye nokushona. Lo mshini wezenzo zabo antihypertensive kusekelwe ukuncipha okukhipha inhliziyo ngenxa ukuncipha kwamandla kanye nokuvama Kufinyeta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-beta-blocker neqhaza nokucindezela uketshezi of renin ku juxtaglomerular (okoloklubochkovom) izinso apharathasi begodu kulokhu, ukucindezela ngempumelelo umsebenzi renin-angiotenzinaldosteronovoy nemaphakathi vasomotor izinhlelo.

Ukusebenzisa kwabo isikhathi eside kungaba avuse ukwehla yokumelana semithambo (Imininingwane neuropathy), ngenxa lenyuka baroreceptor luvelo ukukhiqizwa ogangeni semithambo ka prostacyclin (prostaglandin vasodilating).

Abahlukahlukene beta-blocker lisetshenziswe ngemithamo okulingana, nomphumela ofanayo hypotensive. imiphumela Okugcwele antihypertensive eba ngaphakathi amabili kuya amane amasonto. "Ukukhansela" syndrome zingase zenzeke ngokumelene isizinda ukwelashwa eside. Ukuze zokuvimbela yayo isidakamizwa akayekile ngokushesha, futhi kancane kancane ukunciphisa umthamo izinsuku eziyishumi nane.

ukuchayeka lefundo izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi okungezona abakhethayo, ungakwazi avuse ukuthuthukiswa isifo abalulekile zenhliziyo noncardiac engemihle.

Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa iziyaluyalu ngemuva psycho-ngokomzwelo (ukucindezeleka, izinkinga zokulala, njll), izimpawu zokuphefumula (bronchospasm), vasoconstriction neuropathy (claudication ngakanye, emikhawulweni abandayo, njll), ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu, nokuvusa induku. Extracardiac side effects ukumela ukungakhuli umsebenzi kwezinso kubangelwa encishisiwe igazi flow izinso, ubunzima ku lipid kanye carbohydrate umzimba.

Ngo ukubonakaliswa inhliziyo iqembu kuhlanganisa:

• inhliziyo ukudonsa umsebenzi ukwephulwa ephelezelwa zikhala ukuntula;
• ukuvinjelwa (sinoatrialnaya atrioventricular) inhliziyo futhi bradycardia;
• hypotension ngokumelene ukwehla ngokweqile wegazi;
• umphumela antiarrhythmic.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezihlukahlukene izakhiwo kwemithi blocker ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe izidakamizwa elilungile cishe kubo bonke. Lokhu ucabangela futhi tolerability yokuphathwa, ingozi ephansi izigigaba ezingezinhle, isikhathi ukuchayeka kanye uhlobo isimo emtholampilo.

Ukuqokwa beta-blocker njengendlela yokukwenza yedwa livumela ukuzinza wegazi cishe ngo-40-50% kweziguli nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa umthelela ku iziguli abasha, maphakathi nangaphezulu ubudala, umphumela kuqhathaniswa aphansi kwasebekhulile. Ukusetshenziswa isisu thiazide lihambisana beta-blocker aqede umehluko. Ngakho, ukusebenza yokwelapha e inhlanganisela enjalo kwandisa ukuba 78-80%.

Beta-blocker ukuba aphathe angina ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Kulesi isifo, izidakamizwa ezinjalo ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo Anaprillin (obzidan), Sotalol, Atenolol, Konkor, Monotard.

Umthelela zonke lezi izidakamizwa okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi futhi "deceleration" kwenhliziyo. Umthamo yimuphi izidakamizwa Kufanele kukhethwe udokotela luyingxenye ngabanye.

Izidakamizwa contraindicated somoya, ezingelapheki izifo yamaphaphu obstructive, atrioventricular block wesibili noma degree lwesithathu. Akunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa beta-blocker e kahle glucose ukubekezelelana, neuropathy lwemithambo isifo, umsubathi ngamunye umzimba.