Blagoveshchensk - inhloko-dolobha lase-Amur esifundeni

Eyokuqala Russian, lalivela ezinhlamvini ezweni wendawo baba Cossacks kusukela lamabutho iphayona Basil Poyarkova, abeza lapha 1644. Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu XVII ngebhange kwesokunxele Amur Fort lokuqala limiswa, kodwa ngenxa elinezinkathazo ubudlelwane Russian nge uhulumeni waseChina, lokhu Fort yasala dengwane ekupheleni kwekhulu. Inhlokodolobha ikusasa lase-Amur esifundeni, njengoba namuhla ibhekwa njengempophoma ziye eyasungulwa ngo-1856 njengoba Ust-Zeya okuthunyelwe lempi yasungulwa lapha. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngalesisikhathi kunesidingo ukweneka ubunikazi ngokuqondile yasebukhosini ibhange kwesokunxele Amur. Blagoveshchensk waqala njengoba inqaba umngcele, esabekwa ukwanda kwezindawo zomphakathi - evamile ukuba semizi Russian nemizana emlandweni.

umngcele eliqaphile

Phakathi nengxenye kwekhulu XIX yesibili Blagoveshchensk ngaphezulu buqina njengoba ngumgogodla impucuko Russian futhi wekuba sive eliseMpumalanga Ekude. Eminyakeni yokuqala ukhona, inhlokodolobha ikusasa lase-Amur esifundeni yakhula ngesivinini insimu yalo ngenxa ukufika Cossack regiments omusha babengayishiyi imikhaya yabo zokuhlala unomphela. Ngo 1858, ibandla lokuqala Orthodox lakhiwa lapha lo Annunciation. By the way, isihloko emzaneni ethempelini kamuva atholwe igama lalo. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ngenxa Aigun isivumelwano phakathi Russia nase-China, yonke ebhange kwesokunxele River Amur ubelokhu eqashelwa Ngasohlangothini isiRashiya, futhi emzaneni uye baqashelwa ngokomthetho kusukela Qing BakwaHan. Ngo-December 1858, kwi amabalazwe isimo lawobaba yazibonakalisa ibalazwe lase-Amur esifundeni, Blagoveshchensk futhi eyaba yindawo yayo zokuphatha. Ukudala esifundeni kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa isimemezelo eliphakeme yasebukhosini u-Alexander II.

esifundeni Amur: inhlokodolobha

Engxenyeni kwekhulu lesibili leminyaka, idolobha lonke more uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela athuthukile. Ngo sixties, igolide idiphozi evulekile, okunikeza umfutho elisemqoka kuya inhlalakahle kanye isimo edolobheni. River indawo uya eba ebalulekile Blagoveshchensk lokuthumela isikhungo. It is asathuthuka ngokushesha emkhakheni wezolimo. Konke lokhu Yiqiniso, kuba nomphumela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda zasemadolobheni kanye nokukhula bendawo. Inhloko-dolobha ye Amur esifundeni kubaluleke kakhulu kule umkhakha esindayo yezwe. Ngakho, ngo-1888 lapho kuvele ironworks lokuqala, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX ngokusebenzisa edolobheni ujantshi egandayiwe. Yiqiniso, inani labantu Blagoveshchensk lubonakala ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba ingxenye enkulu amaShayina. ekuqaleni Eyaluzayo eminyakeni entsha, kanti eRussia, futhi eChina siye saletha edolobheni eziningana zamazwe. Ngakho ngo-1900 lo okuthiwa Boxer Rebellion kwaholela izibhelu wezempi Russian futhi Chinese eliseMpumalanga Ekude. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zenzakalo, lona wamuva abangu kancane babhujiswe futhi ngokuyinhloko axoshwe edolobheni.

Nenkathi yamaSoviet

Phakathi Yombango, inhloko-dolobha lase-Amur esifundeni isikhashana kuye elalihlala amasosha Japanese, ukuzama ukukhipha inzuzo siqu futhi arrogate wodwa ezindaweni eziningi zombuso wangaphambili. Kodwa baxoshwa ngu abashokobezi wendawo ehlobo lika-1920. Kusukela ngo-1922 Blagoveshchensk nge izindawo ezizungezile zaba ingxenye likahulumeni waseSoviet. Eminyakeni 1920-30 kuthiwa waphinda ayenziwa umkhakha ezinkulu nezincane nokukhiqiza. I ngokucacile we edolobheni Umngcele ongakwesokunxele izibazi ukuhweba wendawo - komuzi aba yezinto eyinhloko kukagwayi. Phakathi neMpi Omkhulu Patriotic, eMpumalanga Ekude - kwenye yezingxenye ebalulekile imboni yasekhaya, ukusebenza izidingo impi. Futhi ngemva kwempi, Blagoveshchensk eside ivalwe ukuze ukungena edolobheni, ngoba wayematasa amabhizinisi osendaweni ezibalulekile. Inkathi entsha ifikile kuphela kabusha e maphakathi nawo-1980.