Camellia China: ezikhulayo ekhaya

Igama elithi "Camellia" ekulalelweni, ngisho nalabo wayengakaze asibone lesi sitshalo. Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu okufanela Aleksandra Dyuma futhi inoveli yakhe edumile ethi "Lady camellias", immortalized lezi zimbali ezinhle futhi ubanika aura romance ukuthi kusaqhubeka nanamuhla. Igama imbali, nakuba kuzwakala ngempela ethakazelisayo, kodwa kwakungekho nje kusuka egameni Czech sevangeli Kamel, owakhuphula isitshalo eYurophu kusukela eManila (Philippines) ngekhulu le-17.

wezitshalo kancane

Uhlobo lwe "Camellia" kungokwalabo umndeni ka "itiye" futhi has, ngokuvumelana idatha yakamuva, zinhlobo engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Abazalanisi ezifuywa izinhlobonhlobo oda efanayo sezingeni elikhulu. Ngokuvamile, lokhu isitshalo noma umuthi encane, siluhlaza futhi zom ebusika. Camellia eshiya shiny, Friend, okweqanda emise, dark umbala oluhlaza. usayizi kangakanani kuncike ekutheni zezimila kuhluka 3 kuya ku-15 cm ubude. Camellia - izitshalo nakwezifudumele futhi izimbali esikhathini ebanda kunazo zonke onyakeni: ekupheleni kwekwindla, ebusika kanye kwentwasahlobo.

Zokubukisa izimbali Camellia ukubukeka liyafana rose. Ukuhlukahlukana hits abo! Ziyakwazi double kanye lulwimi double, futhi kukhona elula, nenhle futhi bushelelezi, ukuma avamile kakhulu, nge ububanzi isilinganiso 3 kuya ku-15 cm ngaphezu imibala yendabuko obomvu nomhlophe, Camellia amacembe kungenzeka bonke shades of pink, yellow ngisho variegated. Nge imivimbo, nezimagqabhagqabha noma umngcele. Ukuhogela izimbali kwezinhlobo eziningi ka Camellia nokuncane, njengoba ezinye ngaphandle. Kwakhiwa emva zom imbewu ibukeke nati kancane igobolondo kanzima zawo amaphilisi ezomile. Izimbali phezu izitshalo agcinwa isikhathi eside - cishe inyanga. Olunye uhlobo, abazi zome futhi zinyamalale ngokuphelele, ngokulandelana, musa ukumosha umbono ehlathini.

Camellia Chinese: nje itiye

Ngokuba abanjalo igama nenhle njengoba Camellia IsiShayina (Camellia sinensis), akufanele ngaphandle ehlathini itiye. Okwazalelwa zalesi sitshalo iyona mpumalanga ye-Asia, futhi ahlakulela okokuqala kwaqala e China: amaqabunga Chinese Camellia kukhona impahla eluhlaza for isiphuzo ezivamile emhlabeni. Camellia Kwalandela eJapane futhi lithandwa kakhulu phakathi Samurai. Isethenjwa lokuqala ebhalwe sihlehlela emuva Camellia 1st Century AD futhi ixhunyiwe neJapane.

Esikhathini eside kamuva, lesi sitshalo alethwa eYurophu. Ngokwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kukhona 16 kuya ekhulwini le-18, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kukhona Camellia isitshalo Sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe abalulekile futhi kuyabiza, okufanelekelayo kuphela ukhomba ngophakathi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 camellias ekhulwini babe e-United States - kokubili njengoba itiye ezihlabayo nezitshalo Ornamental. ERussia, Camellia uvele ngaphambi kwekhulu le-19. Njengoba ingadi izinto basuke kakhulu baziswa emphakathini okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngesikhathi imizamo efanayo isikhathi zalotshwa futhi ukutshala isitshalo itiye kuqala eCrimea, futhi ezikhathini KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - ku Krasnodar esifundeni.

ukubukeka

Camellia itiye Chinese akubukeki njengoba umxhwele njengoba nozakwabo zayo miniature, kodwa kuwufanele ukuzama ikhule ebhodweni ekhaya. izimbali zawo ezimhlophe nge ophuzi isikhungo okusikhumbuza jasmine. Ababona enkulu kakhulu, kodwa abe iphunga olubucayi. Ngokuvamile, noma ikuphi Camellia isitshalo akulona ikhaya. Too izimo engafanele kuye ezindlini idolobha. Ngakho-ke, Camellia kubhekwe ezingezwakali kakhulu - lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e-sezulu bomdabu bekhula endle ngaphandle kwezinkinga, njengamabhere ukhula, ngisho lokusinda yesithwathwa ezincane. Kodwa uma wazi ezicashile ezikhulayo la ubuhle, kungenzeka ukuthi futhi bayakufisa ukujabulisa abanikazi nesineke. Camellias zikhule kodwa zinde kakhulu: in the imvelo - zisetshenziswa amakhulu ngamakhulu eminyaka.

Uyabakhathalela Camellia: izinkinga main

Izitha eyinhloko ehlathini itiye izimo zokuhlala yesimanje - ukoma ngokweqile emoyeni, abhale luhlaka abuye izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu ebusika. Inkinga ingase ibe inhlabathi kakhulu, okuphumela abolile izimpande futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa simila, kanye nokutshala esijule kakhulu zezimbali. Phakathi Camellia zom-Chinese kufanele kube endaweni epholile - ke nje kwakudingeka basebusika kwesokudla. Nikeza ke ezimweni Ukushisa akulula. Sekuqala ukufudumala emphemeni, lapho izinga lokushisa awehleli ngezansi 5 ° C - ekahle ke ngale nkathi. Ngo indlu yangasese ngeke ivumelane ithala cool.

Umswakama sprinkles ezilungisiwe ngokuphelele lapho ukugwema umswakama ngqo kwi izimbali futhi emathileyi nge olumanzi ubumba ukunwetshwa. Ukunisela kufanele ngokuqapha at kwezimo lokushisa ongaphakeme ezingase ziphakame amanzi amile. Nokho, uma Camellia inhlabathi abakhethiwe kahle - uthele imbali kuyoba yinkinga.

Ezicashile camellias ezikhulayo

Kukhona umbono phakathi Camellia izimbali ayikwazi wathinta: ukufakelwa, ezijikisiwe futhi zilungiswe kabusha. Akukhona ngakho: kwesikhathi izimbali, lesi sihlahla, Isimanga siwukuthi, kuvumelana inkathi lokuphumula, kodwa ngoba ngaleso sikhathi zonke izinto ongazenza nge-ke yini, ngisho utshalwe ngaphandle kokwesaba incithakalo isilwane. Ukufakelwa ukwenza kangcono ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi izimbali, lapho lesi sitshalo namanje kwadingeka izimbali.

Phakathi Amabhukumaka izinso - ngokuvamile kwenzeka ehlobo - Camellia kudinga izibani okuhle futhi ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela, futhi izinga lokushisa imayelana 20 ° C noma ethe xaxa. elangeni kungcono ukuba ngakususi, wafaka imbiza ne isitshalo eningizimu-ntshonalanga iwindi. Amazinga elikhulu for ukukhula efihlekile - hhayi ephakeme kuka-15 ° C, futhi inkathi ukuqhakaza futhi ezincane - 8 kuya ku-12 ° C. Amanzi ukunisela kufanele kube soft kudingekile, ungakwazi ngisho kancane acidify ke. Camellia ukubekezelela calcium ngokweqile. Uma izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama imibuso angahlangabezani edingekayo, Camellia ngeke ziyaqhakaza efihlekile kabusha.

izidingo inhlabathi

Camellia Chinese kudingeka enhlabathini ene-asidi okuxekethile. Ungasebenzisa inhlanganisela ngomumo eyenziwe ukuze azalea noma rhododendrons, ehlanganisa Peat, iqabunga umhlabathi, Perlite nesihlabathi. Inhlabathi yase-ehlathini, ephelele kakhulu.

Umquba for Camellia edingekayo inani eliphansi. Kungcono ukondla izitshalo entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi ukukhula esebenzayo. Ifanele ezivamile encibilikayo umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba for izinambuzane, le Camellia kungathinta aphid noma yizimbuzane, kodwa kwenzeka, ngokubona balimi, kukalutshwana kakhulu.

Lokusakaza Camellia

Ngokuvamile okusakazwa esibulalayo cuttings Camellia namahlamvu 3-5 lakhiwa. amahlumela ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele uya isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba 3-4 izinyanga. Kukhona enye indlela esingathola: ungazama akhule kusukela fresh Camellia imbewu. izimpawu Primal ngesikhathi esifanayo ngeshwa, ingangeni egcinwe. Ukuqala imbewu Camellia Chinese lwahlolwa ukuze ukuhluma emanzini ane emanzini. Uma imbewu wakhuphuka - ke ngeke bavuke. imbewu qualitative kufanele ofakwe amahora ambalwa emanzini ashisayo (70 ° C), ukushintsha amanzi kathathu. isikhumba abajonqile kungenziwa aqhephukile.

Ngemva zonke izimbewu manipulations ezibekwe inhlabathi olumanzi lingeliningi kakhulu - nje 3-5 cm for kokuhlwanyela ukuhlela teplichku, embozwe ucwecwe noma ingilazi esitsheni bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele .. Ngezikhathi angabiki. Izithombo kufanele kuvele 1-2 izinyanga. Zidluliselwa ku ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene emva ukudalulwa kungaba amahlamvu ezimbili, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi lalihlehliswa impande entanyeni.

izinhlobo ezivamile camellias nendlela esebenza ngayo

Ngaphezu Camellia Chinese, laziwa kabanzi elandelayo zezitshalo: izimayini, uwoyela, net, isi-Japanese, saluenskaya, zolotistotsvetkovaya, nzalo frost ukumelana Williams nabanye.

Camellia Japanese-Chinese ehlathini abalimi nesithakazelo kakhulu. Bagxila main ivuliwe nokuqedwa umbala shades entsha - onsomi, zamakhorali, ukhilimu, pearl-mhlophe futhi abandayo nemithi izinhlobo. Kubalulekile kakhulu ezweni lethu, ngoba izifunda lapho angakhula lezi zimbali ezinhle e ekhanyayo, iyunithi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, Camellia Japanese, evengolnaya Chinese wathola isicelo kwezokwelapha. Emakhasini ayo asemancane i amafutha abalulekile, oyingxenye antiseptics futhi imithi ebulala izinzwa.