Cathedral Holy Trinity Cathedral Petersburg

Okokuqala-Church of the dolobha Northern yayakhiwe oda siqu kombusi ekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalombili. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili kokwakhiwa kwethempeli Wayelethwa busisa. Kamuva yathuthukiswa ngenxa ye Holy Trinity Cathedral yaba umuzi oyinhloko iNeva. Holy Trinity kwaba usanta lokuqala enhlokodolobha enyakatho, futhi ngakho-ke sanikezelwa ethempelini. Emlandweni wombuso wethu, wayengumuntu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba lokhu lapho enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi umbusi wokuqala Potr Veliky, lapha lalizwakala zonke, lapho inkosi iyaleza.

Iminyaka yokuqala lombhishobhi

Namuhla, isonto elithile, okwakunginika igama layo endaweni, ayikho. Futhi uma laliyisikhungo ukuphila ezisemadolobheni, njengoba ayezungezwe ejensi commercial futhi uhulumeni main.

umbusi wokuqala waseRussia mathupha wamnakekela, ngisho uqobo nengxenye wokuhleleka kwayo. Yingakho ethempelini lokhuni kwadingeka a qwembe lwesikhumbuzo, eyasho okulandelayo ukuthi lakhiwa uMbusi wokukhumbula uzowanqoba abaseSweden eduze Vyborg.

Ibandla lakhiwa umakhi Domenico Trezzini. Ngaphambi lelithempeli isikhathi eside ahlelwe masquerades, imikhosi mass, yamathanga kanye yamathanga amabutho. On the umbhoshongo insimbi kwaqina nakakhulu iwashi, okuyinto lasuswa kusukela Sukharev Tower eMoscow.

Ukubaluleka ethempelini

Kwakukhona khona asebukhosini zonke abalulekile ekukhulekeleni kwasobala onesizotha (isivumelwano sokuthula abaseSweden futhi ekupheleni Omkhulu Northern neMpi), kanye uMbusi pha isihloko umbusi. Khona-ke umngcwabo wathatha indawo Alexei kanye simemezelo indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi Prince uPetru. Sesonto isikhathi eside wahlala shrine leli dolobha main - yaseKazan Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu.

Ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi entsha

Kokuba ezenziwe ngokjuni, zintathu Cathedral Petersburg kunalokho agugile ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemva konyaka amabili nanye ukwakhiwa leHhovisi ukwakhiwa, kwanqunywa ukuba asuse nilindile futhi iwashi insimbi. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha ngenxa engenakwenzeka ukuba silungise ephukile ungatshekisa ngenxa yesimo sezulu, esiphambanweni isuswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke yakhipha isimemezelo ku ukwakhiwa yesonto itshe, kodwa, ngeshwa, lomsebenzi zifinyelelwe.

Ngokusho intando Elizabeth, lombhishobhi ladilizwa futhi endaweni yayo lakhiwa ibandla elisha elaklanywa uHerman van Boles. Abazinikele e-May 1746 zintathu Cathedral Petersburg wayengabhekiseli uthanda lowo esasikhona osukwini kaPetru. Siqukethe isidumbu ezimbili zibe izingodo ezimbili ngomcako ethela abanye phakathi. Isakhiwo Unamekwe tosom ngaphandle. Kwakuthinta zaveza ngamafutha upende, lemva ngaphakathi. Uphahla laligcwele ngothayela futhi embhedeni isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi yaqedwa ikhanda eziyizigaxa. Enye Dome ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele ngenhla ivolumu eyinhloko ethempelini, ububanzi okuyinto zazilingana endaweni yayo.

Kamuva, ngomyalo Office, zintathu Cathedral ukuthi sizungezwe uthango, okuyinto kugwema ukuhamba endaweni izinkomo. Kodwa ngemva konyaka nesigamu ngemva yokwahlukaniselwa lethempeli ladatshulwa yashiswa.

Yokutakula emva umlilo

Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu bebhapathiziwe emlilweni, iNdlovukazi Elizabeth ngaphambilini ukuhambisa ephuma ethempelini e-Summer Garden (okokusetshenziswa esetshenziswa) endaweni yesonto wokushiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, lombhishobhi umdwebo van Boles lavuselelwa futhi.

Ukwakhiwa iphrojekthi senzeka Volkova, kodwa, naphezu kwesifiso lokuphinda isakhiwo njengoba injalo manje, kusakhiwo ingaphakathi kanye nosayizi, kanye ukubukeka-zintathu Cathedral Petersburg, kwaba sihluke kakhulu omdala. Wayengumuntu ingasaphathwa Church kaPetru.

kulungiswe

Eminyakeni engamakhulu emva ukwakhiwa isonto eyinhloko-dolobha enyakatho waphinde kwakudingeka sokubuyiselwa. Wawuthatha beqondiswa wezakhiwo Ruska, lapho lombhishobhi waba, izindonga kabili lwamakholi efudumele, igebe phakathi kwabo bagcwala lime. Futhi engamashumi amabili emva eFilipi kwadingeka ukuba ukulungisa, ngokulimala okudalwa izinto yizikhukhula.

kulungiswe okusha

Zintathu Cathedral Petersburg, kwabuyiselwa waphinda ngemiyalo yezikhulu inkosi-umbusi wezinguquko u-Alexander II. Ngaphansi ithempeli wafingqa itshe lesisekelo, kanye nombhoshongo entsha yakhiwe. Kodwa, ngokusho kwe-umyalo wombusi, lombhishobhi kwakufanele angabi phakade izinkuni.

Omunye umlilo, ithenda ukwakhiwa

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ethempelini baphinda bahlupheka ngenxa yomlilo, okuyinto kwabangelwa ukungasebenzi ka noshimula. Ngenxa yalokho, wabhekana belfry nompheme, cupola, elisophahleni, ophahleni, wahlala isetshenzwe engcwele kuphela. Ngenxa izinsimbi umlilo onamandla oplavilis. Ngemva kwalokho, isevisi labetibambile ethempelini okwesikhashana wema kuze kube sekupheleni lokubuyiselwa.

abaklami abadumile langaleso sikhathi ukukholisa iziphathimandla ukubuyisela lombhishobhi e okungalungile dopozharnom fomu. Ngenxa yalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba lelisu imibono ukuthi zibe ngisho emashumini eminyaka edlule, i-ukwakhiwa isonto itshe. Isakhiwo eKomidi ukwakhiwa awo eliholwa Prince John K. futhi ukubukelwa phezu kwalo mathupha Empress. emangalisayo umgomo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezombusazwe kanye nobuciko belihlelelwe amakhosi - ukwakha itempeli elikhulu, lapho izwe namanje wayengekho.

Umncintiswano yamemezela ukuthi iprojekhthi engcono abathintekayo abaklami eziyisithupha usebenza isitayela neo-Russian. Ngenxa yalokho, abahluleli engcono neyaziwayo umsebenzi ekukhulunyelweni. Kodwa isinqumo sokugcina namanje owawuqondene iNdlovukazi owanikhipha imiklamo yabo bonke abalobi ku Tsar Alexander Palace.

Kusho, okuyinto eyenziwa ukubuyiselwa ethempelini, wama out ngaphansi kokuqondisa workshop ukubuyiselwa legatsha Leningrad Glavnauka. A umsebenzi wokubuyisela Katoninym wenza ngesisekelo izincwadi zomlando.

Ukuze monumentalnsti ngaphezulu zintathu Cathedral Petersburg lithole izahluko nantathu, abayisishiyagalolunye olwaluhlanganisa ethempelini, futhi ezine abekelwe nokubekwa izinsimbi. I Dome main ngesiphambano waba ukuphakama kungamafathomu angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Olungaphambili lwesonto ehlukaniswa eziyisikhombisa pryasel ohlangothini ngalunye.

Njengoba for izinsalela lokusinda dopozharnogo lethempeli, nabo, isiGungu ngesinqumo kufanele lidlule ngaphansi egcekeni Shamordino Kazan Amvrosinskogo wezindela Strelna. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngokumelene ngokubona Archaeological Commission kombusi, kodwa ngenxa ubumpofu komzimba umbono wakhe ingathathwa zibe akhawunti.

Kodwa isigamu ngonyaka ngaphambi inguquko, John K. ishiywe usihlalo yakhe okuthunyelwe wekomidi. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa nomuntu ongaziwa wenza isicelo Yesikhashana Uhulumeni ngesicelo kokukubuyisela Katonina sokubuyiselwa phrojekthi. Ngenxa yalokho, phezu imibhalo ye Holy Trinity Cathedral lakhiwa kabutjha ifomu kwaba phambi komlilo zokugcina.

ukubhidliza izakhiwo zethempeli

Kuyinto isakhiwo enhle nge Dome ezimfushane laliseduze bomuzi uMfula iNeva, futhi kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo ukuphila kwakhe social nezingokomoya isikhathi eside. Naphezu muva olwenziwa ukubuyiselwa, isonto yavalwa, futhi ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ngo isinqumo we Regional Executive Committee, ngesikhathi adiliza Holy Trinity Cathedral. Petersburg nge zintathu yayo Square zagcina wahlelelwa, futhi endaweni yethempeli ake wama isakhiwo esisha utshani ezungeze.

cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, umqondo ukubuyiselwa ibandla ngenkuthalo kuxoxwa, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu eziningana uvinjelwe ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu yethu ekhoneni indlwana encane yokudumisa zintathu Ongcwele yayakhiwe.