Confederation lihlukile inhlangano: lokufanako nalokwehlukile emkhatsini zezombusazwe idatha izinhlangano

Umbuzo uwukuthi, lokho kuhlukile Confederation of lo mfelandawonye, ngokuvamile wezwa izivivinyo e umthetho-sisekelo e-Russia. Yena kuqondene kakhulu ezweni lethu, eqinisweni eRussia Positioning ngokwaso njengoba isimo sezizwe ezihlukahlukene federal, lapho ibhizinisi ngasinye has amandla ayo ngo kohlaka wamalungelo.

Kanjani ukuphendula imibuzo umthetho-sisekelo: Confederation lihlukile mfelandawonye, ukuthi luwumgogodla izinhlangano zezombusazwe? Ake sizame ukuyiphendula njengengxenye Yiqiniso esezingeni umthetho-sisekelo nezinye distsipllin saziso kudingekile ikusasa abameli nososayensi zezombusazwe.

Confederation and Federation: Uyini umehluko oyinhloko

Omunye izindlela zanamuhla zokukhulekela uhulumeni - umfelandawonye. Kungaba lungachazwa njengoba iqoqo amayunithi ahlukahlukene ngokwendawo ahlukene ngaphakathi kwemingcele umbuso owodwa. Kunenye efanayo izinhlobo zohulumeni, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi iqoqo amayunithi ezizimele indawo.

Uma lokwakha mqondo kuka umfelandawonye kwehlukile ukuhlanganyela, kafushane, umehluko oyinhloko simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: izikhonzi umfelandawonye ayikwazi unilaterally bahoxe isimo. Ngokuvamile, lo mthetho livikeleke idokhumenti eyinhloko yezwe - uMthethosisekelo. Izihloko Confederation banelungelo ezinjalo. Kusuka lapha ungenza kwesinye isiphetho: uthi federal izinze ngaphezulu isakhiwo zaso zezombangazwe. Confederation kungaba ubole unilaterally ku eziningana ezimele uthi eNgophezukonke.

Ikesi izindaba

Isibonelo zakudala lokho kuhlukile Confederation umfelandawonye ukuqhathanisa inqubomgomo kudivayisi Confederation eningizimu uthi usuku phambi American Civil War. Ngamunye isihloko ukuhlanganyela ayenemithetho yayo, izinkantolo, amaphoyisa, nokunye. Ngemva kokunqotshwa kwe-South, isinqumo zezombusazwe abukhuni akasenzanga ayenqaba ebugqilini, kodwa futhi ukuletha iqoqo imithetho a ezivamile isisekelo.

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje uhlobo confederal uhlelo sezombusazwe sasilokhu eSwitzerland.

Isibonelo Classic of idivayisi federated kuyinto Russia. Kukhona nezinye izifundazwe, isakhiwo zezombusazwe okuyinto a Symbiosis of ubudlelwane confederal nokazwelonke. Phakathi kwalezi kwamazwe anamuhla kungaba ukusho-United States, eJalimane, kanye nabanye.

umehluko Okunye esimweni salezi amadivayisi

Confederation lihlukile umfelandawonye ngamanye imingcele? Endaweni yokuqala tonkhe tifundvo Confederation ukugcina inkululeko yokuzimela ngo-ngokuziphatha inqubomgomo angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo. Ayikho indlela izindawo aphoyintimenti olusemthethweni kungekho uhulumeni owodwa emaphakathi, lapho amalungu izintela ukuhlanganyela pay. In izinhlelo federal, ukuphathwa uqhutshwa komunye sosizo ukuze okufanayo intela umhlambi izinkokhelo kusuka amabhajethi wendawo.

Izimpendulo ukuhlolwa e umthetho-sisekelo

Ukuze umbuzo, bheka ukuthi ziyini umfelandawonye lihlukile Confederation, izimpendulo eziningana inganikelwa:

• Confederation izinhlangano babe ukuzimela kunqubomgomo angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo, bemunye ukuphathwa komphakathi, izinkantolo nokunye. Ngo federal emizimbeni zikahulumeni apharathasi elawulwa kusuka endaweni eyodwa emaphakathi. Kuphoqelekile ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanayo ezweni lonke, ikakhulukazi uhulumeni wombuso.
• I Federation kuhlanganisa amazinga eziningana kuhanjiswa: republic, izifunda ezizimele kanye nabanye.
• Ngezinye Confederation, isimo ngamunye unelungelo ukushiya inkontileka yabo union unilaterally. Lapho lo mfelandawonye, indlela enjalo singanikezwanga.
• Udaba ulimi asihlobene kuya ngesivumelwano - umlingisi ngamunye ukhuluma ngolimi lwazo noma ulimi lwesigodi. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili Kwenziwa kunoma yiluphi ulimi. Lapho lo mfelandawonye kunqunywa ngolimi olulodwa, adingekayo ekutadisheni zonke izikhonzi lo mfelandawonye. izilimi zendawo kanye nezilimi zezigodi zibaluleke lesifunda.
• Confederation zivame kakhulu wadala ukuze kuzuzwe iminqopho yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto esimaphakathi, isibonelo, inyunyana uthi ngenhloso yokuzivikela. Federation ukubeka umsebenzi wokudala ubunye kwisimo esisodwa angaphezu isikhathi esithile, noma ezinye izimo.

imithombo Alternative kolwazi

Impendulo ngokuvamile ukunikeza ukuhlolwa inthanethi yombuzo: unqume ukuthi yini lo mfelandawonye kwehlukile ukuhlanganyela. "Dean" nezinye izindawo ezidla ubhedu kungasiza ekulungiseleleni ngokulungiselela uhlolo kulezi kanye nezinye izihloko.

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