Determinism ezindawo

Igama elithi "Determinism" livela Latin: "determinatio" usho "ukuba sezingeni conditioning", "ekutholeni". Ukusebenzisa leli gama, njengoba umthetho, kusemandleni nhliziyonye waqala ukuchaza abanye. Ngokwesibonelo, axioms okukhona imfundiso okunengqondo, ukucacisa ekhishwa theorem. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, bayakwazi ukubona izizathu uphenyo ephuma kubo. Kule umbono kukhona isihlobo esiseduze salowo conditioning ne ezihlukahlukene justifications. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene Determinism: kanzima, amathuba, esichazayo nabanye.

Ongqondongqondo Abaningi e ngandlela-thile kwaphakamisa umbuzo mayelana kwethonya yizici zemvelo ku ukuphila emphakathini. Kulokhu, Determinism ifilosofi ithuthukiswe ushintsho endleleni yokucabanga social nefilosofi ngesiqhathaniso bemvelo umphakathi ngomqondo global ukufunda imiphumela yezinto zemvelo ethize (nesimo sendawo, inqwaba yezinto zemvelo, isimo sezulu kanye nezinye izinto) ku izenzakalo ezithile futhi izinqubo emphakathini (isakhiwo sepolitiki, ukusebenza amabutho, nokukhula kwabantu, njll).

Kuzindla ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba yizici zemvelo, ongqondongqondo wafika ezimbili ezeqisayo okunengqondo. Omunye wabo - a Determinism mechanical womhlaba. Ngokusho kwakhe, zonke izinto ezenziwa abantu ngobudedengu eziyizungezile zemvelo. Eyesibili kakhulu - Determinism ngokuphelele kwamasiko. Kulokhu, it kwagcizelelwa ukuthi bezibona imvelo njengoba enjalo, kanye ukubaluleka kwayo emphakathini kunqunywa kuphela isiko. Ngakho, incazelo umsebenzi womuntu kufanele kube izifundo zamasiko kuphela. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kunakwe yokuthi amathuba kwamasiko axhomeke izimo zemvelo.

Determinism Geographical iye ubhekwa kusukela ekuqaleni isigamu kwekhulu le-19 yesibili. Prototype theory kwaba nemfundiso kaZiqu kaDarwin ukuzihlela nokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo. Determinism Geographical ngaleso sikhathi u bha walungisiswa kusukela umbono wesayensi yemvelo. Esinye sezici ezinhle zibhalwe ngenkolelo yokuziphendukela ukuthuthukiswa kule nkathi kwaba ukunakekela emvelweni yomuntu nokusatshalaliswa labantu endaweni. Kulesi, abanye abalobi ukubona ekuqaleni isayensi yesimanje - ngemvelo nomphakathi.

Determinism Geographical elasakazwa futhi yawenza ngokusebenzisa Mechnikov theory. sazi Russian esichasiselweni we Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo umqondo wakhe historiosophical ukuvusela ngokuyinhloko ukuhlaziywa umbuzo inkululeko yomuntu, njengoba kwakunjalo esona, ngokombono wakhe, inquma isimo sempucuko womuntu.

Abaningi imibono esashiwo Mechnikov, bavumelane imicabango Marx. Lesi sakamuva kubhekwe ukuthi inhlokodolobha isibe ibhande athokomele, kunokuba ezishisayo kanye division zemvelo zomsebenzi esekelwe kwamangqamuzana kwenhlabathi futhi ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo yemvelo, kunokuba wenzalo eliphelele ezweni ekhaya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Marx babekholelwa ukuthi izimo zemvelo nje ithuba, lapho kunikezwe babutha, kunokuba ukwakha ngokwabo. Ngakho, ngokwale ndlela umqondo kaMarx kwezimiso zemvelo ziye zahlobana ukukhiqizwa yezimboni, futhi umthelela mibandela komsebenzi kubantu kubonakala ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu inqubo ukukhiqizwa.

Ukubuyela imfundiso yokuziphendukela Mechnikov historiosophical, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi sazi kubhekwa emfuleni omkhulu esiyinhloko ukuvela ukuthuthukiswa deterministic kakhulu futhi eminye impucuko. Umcabangi wabhala ukuthi namasiko ehlukene ngaxabana eqinile ngenxa ngabodwa komunye nomunye.

Ngokusebenzisa Luhlatiyo we nesiko eMpumalanga yasendulo futhi West, Mechnikov baphetha ngokuthi West luphakeme ezicini zonke East. Lokhu, ngokusho sazi, bekulindeleke ukuthi izinzuzo ezindawo ka ezindaweni entshonalanga.