Encephalitis: Ukwelashwa. Ukugonywa ngokumelene encephalitis ezithwalwa: get zigonywe. Kuyini encephalitis?

Isizini amakhowe, amajikijolo, umsebenzi engadini kanye nemvelo uhamba - kungcono isikhathi esikhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, athwala ingozi engathi sína. Ngemva encephalitis ebulalayo angadluliselwa silula: nje ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza. Uma ufuna uzivikele kanjani wena nomndeni wakho, kumele wazi ukuthi yini encephalitis, iziphi izimpawu zayo, kanye ukuba ulwazi mayelana izinyathelo.

Encephalitis: Definition

Ngokuthi encephalitis ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, esesikhundleni libangele imiphumela engathi sina nempilo yabantu, kwaze kwaba sekufeni. Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi encephalitis, kodwa bambalwa bayazi ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo eziningana lesi sifo, kanye nezizathu nokukubangela.

izinhlobo encephalitis

Encephalitis sehlukaniswe zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Umsuka - ezimele ubuchopho kwamathambo okubangelwa yi-izici ezihlukahlukene (umkhaza noma umiyane yizinyoka, izifo eziningi). Secondary kwenzeka ngokumelene zasemuva zezinye izifo, ezinjengomkhuhlane, ithumba, isimungumungwane.

Encephalitis futhi ukwehlukana izizathu ebizelwa. Angaba ezithathelwanayo, ezinobuthi, iguliswa futhi ezithathelwanayo-nomzimba. Ukuvuvukala kungavuka ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zobuchopho. Ngakho, isabelo encephalitis kungagcini futhi ehlasela umzimba. Lesi sifo kungavuka acute, chronic predostroy.

Thikha yizinambuzane encephalitis: Ukutheleleka indlela

Uyini encephalitis ezithwalwa? Lona uhlobo olukhethekile imvelo viral lesi sifo. Encephalitis kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa, maphakathi kanye neuropathy. isifo Yethulwe kuholela noma immobilization noma ukufa.

Imbangela eyinhloko yalolu hlobo encephalitis - imikhaza. Abathwala lesi sifo ezimbili izinhlobo zemikhaza: ehlathini nabaseYurophu. Abantu angaba ngezindlela ezimbili: ngemva kokuba singenile isinambuzane noma uqede ubisi kusukela izinkomo ezithelelekile noma izimbuzi. Lingadluliselwa isebenze emgogodleni ebuchosheni.

Isici esiphawulekayo encephalitis ezithwalwa kuyinto seasonality yayo. Lesi sifo kwenzeka entwasahlobo and ekwindla period, futhi, ukushesha. iziqongo wayo zenzeka May-June no-Agasti-September.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isifo idluliselwa ngokushesha ngemva kokulunywa. Ubude besikhathi bloodsucking akunamthelela ukutheleleka. Kuyaziwa ukuthi, ngokungafani kuya nabesifazane, okuyinto feeds igazi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, iduna encela igazi nje isaziso amahora ambalwa futhi ukuluma kanzima.

Ngosizo lokucwaninga yakamuva ososayensi kwakunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa encephalitis ezithwalwa ku zenyathi ezintathu: entshonalanga, eSiberia futhi Ekude. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kobukhulu isifo futhi inani lokufa kuzo zonke lezi zigaba zihlukile. Ngakho, kusukela entshonalanga-uhlobo ngokwempilo yangenyama kuyinto% 1-3 kuphela, kodwa kusukela Far ifinyelela 40%. Konke kuncike kanjani igciwane ebuchosheni lwangena ngokujulile. Ngokulandelayo, sizoxoxa ngokuthi iziphi a encephalitis ezithwalwa, kanjani ukuqaphela lokho, ukuze belaphe futhi ukuvimbela kabanzi.

Indlela ukuqaphela: izimpawu

Ngemva bite i umkhaza itheleleke iqala bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi ihlala kwezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kwezingu-14 futhi ngezinye izikhathi kwelulwe kufike ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Ukulunywa ngokuvamile abomvu (i-erythema kwenzeka). Kodwa kuphela ngesisekelo salokhu ukusho ukuthi unalo igciwane, akudingekile, ngoba erythema kuhambisana eziningi izifo ezibangwa Ukulunywa, ezifana uphawu yizinambuzane isifo saseLyme.

Encephalitis kungenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi unezimpawu ezahlukene. Mayelana ekuqaleni isifo wathi ukwanda izinga lokushisa lomzimba kuya ku-40 °. Umkhuhlane kungase kuthathe izinsuku 2-10. Sonke lesi sikhathi, isiguli ngokuthi namahlaba nobuhlungu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Onzima ukulimaza labo nemilenze ukuthi iyogcina yisimo ngenxa encephalitis. Kukhona ukugeleza kakhulu igazi ukuze isikhumba entanyeni, ubuso nasesifubeni.

Isiguli kungase kudingeke ukuba ngiqaphele ezingacacile ezimweni sibi zibe equlekile. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukulahleka ukuzwa.

Ngokuvamile lesi sifo umlingiswa lula. Ikakhulukazi uma yokugoma iye yenziwa ngokumelene encephalitis ezithwalwa. Ukutheleleka senzeka kufihlwe futhi ephelezelwa imfiva.

izinhlobo isifo

Nakuba lesi sifo futhi kwenzeka ezinguqulweni ezahlukene, sisengakwazi ukuhlukanisa izici isici yini encephalitis ngempela. Ukwelapha bazoqhubeka bagxila azungeze ngalokhu kubonakaliswa. Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa encephalitis ahlukene kobukhulu isifo nemiphumela yayo isimiso sezinzwa:

• ifomu okunomkhuhlane. Lesi sifo omnene. Nge imfiva, ubuthakathaka kanye nesicanucanu. kwezinso kwemizwa bengekho noma omnene. Kwenzeka yokutakula ngempela fast futhi egcwele.
• ifomu Meningeal. Kwenzeka in iziguli encephalitis ezithwalwa ngokuvamile. It libhekene zekhanda ezinamandla, isicanucanu futhi ngezinye izikhathi nokuhlanza. Iziguli ukubika photophobia, futhi ubuhlungu emehlweni. Ithoni we Imisipha yentamo yanda, kule ndawo kukhona umkhawulo. Leli fomu kungathatha indawo noma ngokwandisa lokushisa lomzimba, futhi ngaphandle kwalo.
• ifomu Meningoencephalitic. Cases kuba% 15 kuphela (40% ngesikhathi kude empumalanga encephalitis uhlobo). Lena inkambo kakhulu lesi sifo. Libhekene ukusangana, ukungabi orientation emkhathini, delirium. ukuquleka njalo.
• ifomu Poliomieliticheskaya. Ucwaningo luthole yesithathu iziguli. Isimo libhekene ndikindiki kancane kancane esinye sezitho zomzimba wakho, paresis flaccid yomgogodla wesibeletho. Yoma nemilenze ahlukahlukene zingahlanganiswa futhi babe abavilaphayo uhlamvu pyramidal. Qedela yoma kwemisipha esitho ethintekile kuziwa nesonto lesithathu.
• ifomu Poliradikulonevriticheskaya. Uma sithinta neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa. Ukukhubazeka kungase kudingeke uhlamvu phezulu.

Olunye uhlobo lesi sifo, ngaphandle kwalezo ezibalwe ngenhla, - ezimbili wave. Lesi sifo zonke liphinyiselwe zimpawu: kukhuphuke izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ubuthongo thuthuva, ikhanda, namahlaba nobuhlungu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Sici Its esiwuphawu - enomkhuhlane, ebanjwa in amagagasi ezimbili. Eyokuqala - kumentshiso, ihlala ezingeqi kwezingu ngesonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, - kwenkathi ukuzinza of lokushisa komzimba. Uthatha cishe amasonto amabili. Kube sekulandela igagasi okunomkhuhlane yesibili. Kuyinto ngoyisiwula kusinda kunakho ngowokuqala: ngokumelene imfiva Kutholwe zokugula isimiso sezinzwa. Nokho, ngemva kwalokho kulandele ukululama ephelele.

ukwelashwa

Uma ukuxilongwa "encephalitis", uphathwa ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Ukususwa kwezimiso imbangela yalesi sifo. Okwenziwe bathathe imithi yabo. Esimisiwe-gamma globulin, globulin omzimba bese poliglobulin. Ukuthuthukisa isimo isiguli Kuye kwaphawulwa amahora angu-24.
2. ukwelashwa elwa namagciwane. Aqokwe amalungiselelo enzayimu (ribonuclease) futhi unamasu interferon.
3. Ukuncishiswa lokudakwa. Umzimba yethulwa inombolo enkulu okusamanzi (nge ukusetshenziswa emthanjeni neqondile).
4. Umbhede ukuphumula isiguli saziso futhi sithinta Dynamics omuhle lesi sifo.
5. Ukudla ukudla kubalulekile iziyaluyalu pheshana emathunjini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa amavithamini B no-C

State yomuntu emva encephalitis ezithwalwa, isilethikusebenza, kuncike ngobucayi isifo. Futhi kuthinta izinga lomonakalo ezindaweni ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa.

Indlela yokuzivikela ekuguleni?

Izindlela ephumelela kunazo ngalo ungakwazi uzivikele sifo nemiphumela yaso sina, - ukwenza lokugoma ngokumelene encephalitis ezithwalwa. Nokho, awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi nethuba bawunakekele kusengaphambili, ikakhulukazi kubantu abahlala emadolobheni abangenayo iziza engadini futhi ngeke aphume ehlathini. Yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze ugweme ukuba isisulu the umkhaza?

ukukhetha ngokucophelela izingubo ukuthi ukuya ehlathini. Kufanele kube ukukhanya ezinemibala (kuyoba lula umkhaza obonakalayo) materials bushelelezi (ngomnikelo omncane ngeke bakwazi ukugibela futhi bayasilela kuwe). Dress ukuze ukufinyelela umzimba laligcwele (nge imikhono cuffed, ibhulukwe esakhiwe ku amasokisi, ibhantshi nge hood noma cap). Sebenzisa oxosha nge umkhaza oxosha umphumela. Phatha hhayi kuphela izingubo, kodwa futhi umzimba. Esikhathini ukuhamba ehlathini phakathi imizila, ungahambi ehlathini futhi utshani obude: izindawo ozithandayo imikhaza.

Njalo ngamaminithi angu-20, ahlole izingubo nomzimba indawo imikhaza. Ukukhokhela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze auricles, emakhwapheni futhi imbilapho ndawo. Uma isinambuzane kutholakala ukusunduza izandla zakhe noma kunjalo engenakwenzeka. Encephalitis angadluliselwa ngisho ngokusebenzisa imifantu iminwe.

Bilisa ubisi ngaphambi kokudla.

imithetho yokugoma

Elula futhi ephumelela kunazo indlela ukuze uzivikele - lokugoma ngokumelene encephalitis ezithwalwa. Ikakhulukazi ekubonisa abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziyingozi futhi siqhuba esiningi ehlathini noma engadini.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugoma ngokumelene encephalitis wenziwa ngezigaba 3. Umgomo uqobo lwayo ingaba yasekhaya noma yokungenisa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele imvume yokusebenzisa. Okwamanje, ungase ahlinzekwa komjovo production ezifuywayo, kanye German noma Austria. Encephalitis emva yokugoma akazange avele 95% amacala. Kodwa uma uzithole ku asele 5%, ngakho-ke isifo, ngeke kube nzima.

Ngaphambi yokugoma ngokumelene encephalitis, kufanele ucabange izinto ezimbalwa:

• Ukuvikelwa ngokumelene isifo kuyofika amasonto amabili kuphela emva yokugoma yesibili (ingqikithi yezinsuku ezingu-21 ngemuva kokuqala yokugoma).
• Ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvikelwa eziqine, kutuswa ukuba wenze umthamo yesithathu ngemva konyaka owodwa.
• Ngaphambi kokuqala yokugoma kuyadingeka ukuze uxhumane owelapha.
• Thola zigonyelwe encephalitis ezithwalwa kungaba izingane kusukela ngonyaka owodwa nangaphezulu. Nokho, odokotela kufanele ayicabangele ngokucophelela izingozi futhi uma ngampela yini ukuqala ukuba bagome ingane kusukela kwabaneminyaka engamashumi 2-3.
• imfiva esivunyelwe ngemva nokuphathwa umgomo.
• Revaccination kufanele kwenziwe njalo eminyakeni 3.
• Ukwambula akukho imiphumela ebuhlungu wokugoma kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe kanye lactating. Kodwa uma kukhona kungenzeka yokugoma kungcono ukuba nidede.

Okubalulekile! Thola zigonyelwe encephalitis, ukulunywa uphawu isazodinga ukuba uqaphele. Ngemva kwalezi izinambuzane ukuthwala ezinye izifo eziyingozi ukuthi ukugoma singanikezwanga (isb isifo saseLyme).

Uma yenhlwathi umkhaza

Uma izinyathelo zokuvikela akazange ukukusiza, futhi uphawu zonke bite esifanayo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele kwenziwe:

• Ngomusa ukudonsa umkhaza. Kubalulekile ukuthi usaphila.
• Beka isinambuzane esitsheni ingilazi bayiswa izifo ezithathelwanayo laboratory edolobheni lakho.
• izinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva kokulunywa udinga ukuthatha ukuhlolwa igazi phezu Empeleni lesi sifo.

Ulwazi yini encephalitis nokuthi bazivikele ke, - isihluthulelo sempilo yakho futhi mhlawumbe ukuphila.