Izindaba UmphakathiNefilosofi

Esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi: wemiqondo eyisisekelo

Philosophy, nesayensi yebuhlakani, ithole izimiso zalo esikhathini endala. imiqondo Basic mayelana amathuba nezindlela bolwazi lwabantu akhiwa kule izikole wefilosofi yamaGreki asendulo. Ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga emlandweni walo kufanele triad of mqondo-upholavuthondaba-zamagama ezaziwayo.

Mqondo - isitatimende esiqondile, eyinqaba le nkathi yomlando.

Upholavuthondaba - kuphika Isimiso esiyinhloko ngokuthola ukuphikisana therein.

Synthesis - nesitatimende isimiso, esekelwe kuleveli entsha amafomu zomlando yokucabanga.

Umqondo usukela emlandweni ukuthuthukiswa ukucabanga, futhi ohlelweni kumiswa umqondo, nobuntu ifomu ezingokomlando, noma kungaba esikoleni noma isiqondiso yentuthuko esimeme zomhlaba. Ukuze kwesikhathi zomlando lapho kwakhiwa isikole Eleatic wefilosofi, kwathiwa libhekene pro-izinto ezibonakalayo yokusondela cognition. imfundiso Pythagorean yemvelo ngokomzimba izici kuqala mqondo kwaba ukwakha Elis sakhe sokufundisa.

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi: imfundiso

Ngo 570 BC Isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki Xenophanes inqatshelwe isici kule nkathi imfundiso polytheistic kaNkulunkulu futhi wafakazela isimiso ubunye uMuntu. Lomgomo iye njalo wayiqhubekisa abafundi bakhe, futhi indlela langena emlandweni wesayensi njengoba isikole Eleatic wefilosofi. abameleli ezimfushane ekufundiseni zingatholakala efingqiwe iziphakamiso ezilandelayo:

  • Genesise eyodwa.
  • Sebuningini akuyona reducible a luyakhohlisa olulodwa.
  • Experience akukuniki ulwazi ithembekile zomhlaba.

Laba bameleli be-imfundiso Eliyskih ayikwazi wafaka iziphakamiso echaziwe. Kuyinto acebile kakhulu. Noma iyiphi imfundiso - kuyinqubo eziphilayo yokufunda iqiniso noma falsity we izinsolo ekukhanyeni nakho okukhona. Uma indlela zefilosofi e ukuqonda uhlobo futhi umphakathi kwenziwa umqondo, kuba kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa kuhlatiya kanye kuphikisa olwengeziwe.

exegetics

Ngakho-ke, kukhona isitayela ezithile incazelo yokubukwa, ngokuthi exegesis. Wabuye, njengoba ezikhathini zasendulo, ichazwa umlando, amasiko, indlela yokucabanga inkathi, kombhali umcwaningi indlela. Ngakho-ke, ifilosofi futhi ayikwazi abagcotshwa, ngoba izinhlobo umcabango bembethe amazwi, ngokushesha ulahlekelwe isimiso sabo eziyisisekelo kuphikisa. Imfundiso efanayo siyashintsha nencazelo yalo ngokusebenzisa paradigms ahlukahlukene.

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi, wemiqondo eyisisekelo ukuthi zihunyushelwa ehlukile ezinkathini zomlando, ubufakazi leli qiniso. Okubalulekile tselessoobraznost isilinganiso Paradigm, lapho kwemigomo ukuhlanganyela esifundweni, futhi kukhona kakhulu injongo ekutadisheni lo mkhuba.

Laba bameleli be-main lesikole

Abamele besikolo esithileko wefilosofi - zomlando inkathi ongqondongqondo, elihlanganiswe isimiso langempela, futhi extrapolating yona substantively kungagcini endaweni bolwazi lwabantu: inkolo, umphakathi kanye nesimo. Ezinye izazi-mlando zibandakanya inombolo abamele esikoleni wesazi sefilosofi Xenophanes, abanye ukhawule nabalandeli bayo abathathu. Zonke izindlela zomlando eziba kulezi zindawo zenza. Kunoma ikuphi, ngesisekelo isifundiso ubunye kokuba owasungulwa Xenophanes ka isigcino, nokumemezela ukuthi omunye - kuyintando kaNkulunkulu ulawula indawo yonke umqondo wakhe.

Abameleli beNdikimba Eleatic School of Philosophy: Parmenides, Zeno noMelissa, ukuthuthukisa isimiso nobunye, explicate ke emkhakheni bemvelo, ukucabanga kanye nekukholwa. Yibona abazolandela eningiliziwe emayelana nemfundiso kaZiqu-Pythagorean, futhi ngesisekelo ukuthuthukiswa abagxeka mqondo ka nesimiso esiyisisekelo kulomhlaba, zavela bokungafani yemvelo ezivamile uMuntu kanye nesimo elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo izinto. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-iphuzu kokuqala ngenxa izikole ezilandelayo kanye izitayela ukuthuthukiswa wefilosofi. Luthini olwakho "uhlobo olulodwa"? Futhi iyini okuqukethwe oyinhloko ngamunye wenza abamele esikoleni?

yokufundisa izifushaniso esikoleni

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi lasendulo, okuyiwona isigaba kaGenesise isibe umqondo ephakathi yokufundisa kwakheka postulate bokuba khona static nokungaguquguquki. Iqiniso ulwazi olwalukhona aphakela ingqondo, kumuzwa akha ukungaqondi kahle mayelana nokuthi izakhiwo nemvelo - ngakho lifundisa esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi. Parmenides wethula umqondo wegama elithi "Ukuphila", egcwele emaphakathi nezwe reflection zefilosofi.

Izinhlinzeko ezakhiwe Zeno e "Aporia" yakhe fabled kakhulu, thola isimiso ukungqubuzana endabeni ukuqashelwa sebuningini kanye kokuhlukana zomhlaba. UMelissa, e indatshana yakhe ubunjalo zonke ukubukwa ngokufingqiwe ababengaphambi waziletha njengoba imfundiso bagomele eyaziwa ngokuthi "elleyskogo".

Parmenides Zemvelo

Parmenides ka Elea kwaba abazalwa yizicukuthwane, izakhamuzi zakhe zokuziphatha neyaziwayo, kwanele ukusho ukuthi wayengumuntu lesishaya kunqubomgomo yakhe. Okokuqala kummeleli esikoleni Eleatic wabhala umsebenzi wakhe "Ngo Imvelo". I mqondo kwesisekelo impahla zomhlaba eyinqaba kuya Pythagoreans, kwaba ngesisekelo imfundiso abagxeka Parmenides, futhi bahlakulele umqondo zobunye emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

mqondo Pythagorean ukufuna isimiso esisodwa Nature, Parmenides ongoti kwezempilo abathi zihlobene upholavuthondaba of Being kanye kaningi imibono luyakhohlisa mayelana nohlobo izinto. esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi ifingqwe indatshana yakhe.

Babeye empeleni wavula postulate yolwazi okunengqondo zomhlaba. Umbono Lwangaphandle ngokoqobo, ngokuvumelana efundisa, alithembekile, kungagcini kuphela okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu ngamunye. "Umuntu uyisidalwa esilinganisweni zonke" - esithi odumile Parmenides. Ibonisa ukulinganiselwa ngalakufundze emphilweni, ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ulwazi oluthile, kusukela vopriyatiya siqu.

Zeno

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi emfundisweni Zeno ka Elea, kwaqinisekiswa Parmenides mayelana engenakwenzeka ukuqonda ubunjalo ushintsho, ukunyakaza kanye discontinuity. Ucaphuna umbiko zango 40 - ukuphikisana zingaxazululeki zemvelo.

Nine yalezi aporias kuze kube manje kukhona ekhulunywe kanye mpikiswano. dichotomy isimiso, ekubangelayo ukuhamba e yeThestamente "Umcibisholo" akuvumeli boom ukuze uhambisane ne ufudu ... Lezi zango zaba isihloko ukuhlaziya izimfundiso zika-Aristotle.

Melissa

Njengoba aphila sikhathi sinye Zeno, umfundi Parmenides ', isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki, uye wanda nomqondo Ukuba ezingeni yonke futhi owokuqala iphakamisa umbuzo infinity yayo emkhathini kanye nesikhathi. Kunemibono ukuthi yena ngokwakhe eyayikhuluma Heraclitus. Kodwa, ngokungafani kuya ngezinto eGrisi lasendulo owaziwa, akazange aqaphele nesimiso esiyisisekelo kulomhlaba, uyakuphika isigaba motion futhi ushintsho njengoba isisekelo ukuvela nokubhujiswa izinto ezibonakalayo.

"Ukuba" ukuchaza wakhe we okuphakade, bekulokhu, futhi zazo akazange kuphakama futhi ingabe usekhona. Ngo indatshana yakhe kuhlanganiswe ukubukwa ngaphambili, washiya izwe isifundiso Eleatics ngefomu uqhosha.

Abalandeli lesikole Eleatic

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi, izimiso eziyisisekelo futhi imiqondo lapho izimfundiso Eleatic kwaba into kokuqala, mqondo ngoba ukuqhubeka ukucabanga nefilosofi. Imfundiso Parmenides phezu ukubukwa evezwa mpendulwano of Socrates, futhi kamuva waba isisekelo sezinguqulo esikoleni wemfundiso sophistry. Umqondo ukwehlukana uMuntu futhi yize Wawugujelwani theory kaPlato imibono. Zeno zaba isihloko Aristotle omkhulu etadisha ukungaguquguquki yokucabanga kanye Umfutho ubhala enomthamo omningi "logic".

Inani izindaba nefilosofi

esikoleni Eleatic wefilosofi yamaGreki kuyaphawuleka ngoba umlando ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga zefilosofi ukuthi kwase kuyisikhathi sakhe yethulwa abamele isigaba lemcoka ifilosofi "Genesise", kanye nezindlela kuvisisa okunengqondo lo mqondo.

Eyaziwa njenge "uyise logic", isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u-Aristotle lasendulo kamuva ngokuthi Zeno le dialectician kuqala. Dialectics - isayensi ubunye eziphikisanako, in the XVIII wathola isimo indlela yolwazi zefilosofi. Kuyinto sibonga Eleatics babe kuqala masonto kwaphakamisa neminye imibuzo mayelana iqiniso lolwazi okunengqondo kanye kungathembeki kwemibono esisekelwe esahlulelweni siqu kanye nombono yokulinga ngokoqobo.

Esikhathini kamuva, i-classical, inkathi nesimo sengqondo isayensi wokuba futhi ukucabanga ngokuthi izigaba zefilosofi eziyisisekelo kube isimiso jikelele phezu kwayo kwenzeka delineation ka ontology futhi epistemology.

Ngo wonke umlando wokucabanga zefilosofi kokubuza imibuzo okubaluleke nakakhulu, wayikhulula umbono wentuthuko, timphawu ulwazi, kunokuba izimpendulo zemibuzo yosesho. Njengoba umbuzo njalo ukhomba imikhawulo amakhono ethu, ngakho nethemba usesho okunengqondo.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.