Female Iver Monastery, Samara: yokukhulekela, ikheli, ukubuyekezwa

ukuhlakanipha kweBhayibheli lifundisa ukuthi angeke abamele degrees, okuyinto akanayo okungenani ezintathu the ngakhethi. Lokho amandla kweqiniso alikho squad, namandla ezempi, futhi ngosizo lukaNkulunkulu, wathumela phansi lemikhuleko yabangcwele. abantu Russian siqondwa kahle, ngakho-ke wayezikhandla imali kanye nomshikashika ukwakhiwa zezindela engcwele, akuyona kuphela uyisiphephelo zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni, kodwa futhi umthombo ongashi ubumsulwa ngokomoya futhi kuhlanzekile ngokokuziphatha. On esinye salezi zezindela, eyakhelwe loMfula iVolga, futhi ngeke indaba yethu.

I inqaba edolobheni Samara

Namuhla Samara - ingenye yamadolobha elikhulu the iVolga Ephakathi. Umlando walo iphindela ezingaphezu kuka eminyakeni engamakhulu amane. Ngo 1586, ngesikhathi kubusa Tsar Fodora Ioannovicha, yayisekelwe phezu loMfula iVolga isiphephelo - edolobheni Samara. Isikhathi kwaba matasa, futhi ayedinga isivikelo wabathengi, ivimbela indlela abayimizulane asemaqeleni. Kwavela futhi wahlala ongcwele, okuthiwa uMsindisi isimo nunnery. Warriors bekuya izingalo ekuqa- ezweni isiRashiya, nodade Izigodlo waluthandazela lolu vanquishing amashinga.

Kwaze kwaba 1764, lapho inombolo encane izindelakazi ka wezindela uyekwa. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela eyayidingeka kakhulu ayikwazanga ezithinta ukuphila isikhungo ezingokomoya. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka elilandelayo - XIX leminyaka, emphakathini anda ukuthambekela maqondana Uqhekeko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa kakhulu amahlelo ahlukahlukene, esebenzayo iningi labo amalungu okuthiwa baqede Molokan.

Isidingo ukudala sezindela

Ukuze aphebeze lokho izenzakalo ezinjalo, kwakudingekile ukudala yindawo enamandla zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni kweqiniso. Kuze kube yimanje, izakhamuzi Samara waphendukela isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto isinyathelo kuvulwa esigodlweni, yakhelwe yikhulu nezindelakazi. Nokho, lisekele umbono Samartsev esiGungwini ubuholi, idinga ulwazi oluthile ngalokho izimali kuhlelwa ukuba afeze ukwakhiwa yesigodlo.

Le nkinga yaxazululeka indlela endala - limenyezelwe phakathi izakhamuzi zedolobha ukuqoqa iminikelo ukuze kwakhiwe indlu yezindela. Ikakhulukazi ihlonishwe futhi izakhamuzi zenkolo-nomqondo komuzi iye yadweba Labaphathiswa, owathatha phezu ingxenye yenhlangano ibhizinisi, kanye nabamele ezimbalwa umphakathi abacebe ezisemadolobheni wenza iminikelo emikhulu futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuzikhipha ohlwini ukuze kwakhiwe izwe sezindela amaqhawe azo.

Ukudala umphakathi zesifazane

Idethi isisekelo sezindela ubhekwa 1850, lapho yesonto yakhiwa, zazo ezazenziwe ubusuku bonke vigils. Ukuze ukuhamba kwabo kwakuhileleke imifanekiso emibili ke ekhona edolobheni amathempeli - yaseKazan Cathedral kanye zintathu Church. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, emhlabeni yesonto yakhiwa amaseli ayisishiyagalombili, okuyinto ixazululwe labo ababefuna ukuba anikezele ukuphila kwakhe kuya ekukhonzeni uNkulunkulu.

Yezindelakazi kuqala 1852 kwaba mphakathi omncane, ukuze sithole ukondliwa zazo wamiswa umpristi. Abbess kwaba intombazane zenzisa uMariya Yanova. Lokhu kukhetha ube yimpumelelo kakhulu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uye waba umhleli lisebenza futhi abanamakhono. Ngenxa lwemishikashika wakhe baya inqubo kakhulu Izindawo emphakathini.

Ukuguqulwa umphakathi female ku Monastery

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu yayakhiwe ngayingcwelisa esontweni lokuqala sezindela esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngokushesha inhlabathi yakhe phansi yakhoselisa nezinye amalungu esonto, lanikezelwa yokudumisa Umama kaNkulunkulu eseJerusalema. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-July 1857. Nokho, lokhu kwaba kuphela ekuqaleni umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha. Ngemva konyaka, ibhodi Labaphathiswa siphathelene iziphathimandla Diocesan futhi prioress omphakathi Yakhiwa uqobo esontweni elikhulu kwetshe igama Isethulo leNkosi.

Yiqiniso, lo muzwa phezu ingxenye abantu abaye bazinikezela yalesi sizathu zenzisa futhi ijubane okukhulu kangangokuba omphakathi akakwazanga ukhumbule ilungiselelo ukusabela omuhle isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto mathupha. Umphumela waba yokushintsha 1860 omphakathi yabesifazane Isigodlo, ethiwa Iver esigodlweni. ngaleyo ndlela Samara Uthole eyayidingeka kakhulu nenqaba wakhe ngokomoya futhi imfundo yezenkolo.

Inhlangano zokuphila kwezomnotho we sezindela entsha

Ngaphambi nje lo mcimbi onesizotha le prioress omphakathi Maria Janov wathatha izifungo Izigodlo enegama Maragarita futhi, ngenxa sokunconywa yayo, uye waphakanyiselwa isithunzi kuMama Owayephethe isigodlo ka wezindela entsha. Ngokushesha uzibophezele ukuphuca ukhakhayi nabanye odade. Kusukela imibhalo lokusinda kuyacaca ukuthi ngo-1860 Iver esigodlweni e Samara owakhiwe izindelakazi amabini anamanci asithoba izimfundamakhwela ziyaye. Ukuze sezindela asanda kuvulwa impela eningi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi zezindela eziningi ngesikhathi kwesisekelo salo olunezinombolo abakhileyo ezimbalwa kakhulu.

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukhona, Iver Monastery (Samara) oluzimele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le ndawo yayikhona. Iqiniso ukuthi ungowesifunda yesigaba ohlanganyelwe zezindela eziphuthumayo futhi abazange bathole uxhaso walokhu okuqukethwe. Yiqiniso, ezinye izimali ezidingekayo zivela abanikeli yokuzithandela indlela yokukhokha izinto ezihlukahlukene zenkolo, ezifana ukukhunjulwa eside sabafileyo, amaHubo ukufunda emizini yabazalwane nokuningi. Kodwa iholo eyinhloko odade baba imali etholwe yibo workshops eziningi avulekele ngesikhathi sezindela.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi lapha zaveza imifanekiso futhi kubalwa kubo izingubo, ukuthunga izingubo futhi ahlotshiswa nabo okunekhono igolide ukuthunga, ihlanganisa mata futhi ethunga izingubo zikanokusho for izakhamuzi zedolobha. Ngisho yezandla luyingxenye lowesilisa njengokulala walokho ukwakha izicathulo futhi ukuhlanganisa izincwadi, babe ngaphansi kwamandla izandla zesifazane. Kuyinto sibonga ngomsebenzi wabo onzima, odade kanye esivulekile abanikeli Iver Monastery (Samara) wahlala futhi athuthukiswe.

Abbess Antonina nemibhalo wakhe

Kusukela 1874, kuMama Owayephethe isigodlo ka wezindela esikhundleni the umhlalaphansi emva engamashumi amabili nanhlanu yokukhonza margaritas umama baba Antonina abbess. Ezinsukwini ubudala, yena wenza imisebenzi ka umphathisikhwama sezindela. Like esasisandulele, unina Antonina ukwenze banikela ngendlela ebalulekile enhlanganweni yokuphila yezindela. Ngenxa yalokho enamathiselwe imizamo yakhe 1882 waqala nokwakhiwa yesonto itshe egameni efudumele Tver uNina kaNkulunkulu. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha ibandla abazinikele e-ke kwadingeka amasevisi ukuphayona njalo.

Kodwa omunye ezintsha main, umqalisi we owawungumnyaka abbess Antonina, kwaba ukwakhiwa ivulekile esibhedlela ezimbili storey ngesikhathi sezindela. Le projekthi isigcwaliseke sibonga esivulekile Samara yomthengisi P. Shikhobalova ezisohlwini Iver Monastery (Samara) zonke izindlela ezidingekayo. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngo-1889, futhi usebenza abbess ka wezindela ivule isikole sezenkolo, okuyinto njalo abaqeqeshiwe yikhulu amantombazane kusuka imindeni zakhamuzi zazenza ingcosana kanye abalimi, futhi uma lamiswa siphephelo amantombazane eziyizintandane.

Eminyakeni yokugcina inguquko

Abbess Antonina waya eNkosini 1892 wangcwatshwa ibandla Our Lady uNina Tver, isakhiwo okuyinto wazibeka amandla kakhulu ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. indawo yayo sathathwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba ayenza, owenza phambi ukulalela umphathisikhwama Feofania ndela, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha futhi sisusiwe kulokhu okuthunyelwe wakhala le sabapristi umfelokazi A. V Milovidovoy ezathatha igama Izigodlo uSeraphim. Eminyakeni eyalandela, wakwazi yesigodlo, ngekhono ngokuhlanganisa ngokomoya futhi umsebenzi kwezomnotho. Ngaphansi umyalo wakhe Iver Monastery (Samara) wahlangana izehlakalo ezinkulu zalezi zikhathi 1917.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le nkathi Isigodlo izuzwe lukhulu ekuthuthukiseni yabo. On insimu yalo kukhona amasonto amane. Izikhungo e Iver Monastery (Samara) ngisesemncani Isigodlo ngokwabo izindelakazi, futhi izakhamuzi zedolobha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Isigodlo wayedume izinhlangano zosizo yayo kahle ohlelekile, phakathi kwabo: isibhedlela, isikole isonto, siphephelo amantombazane eziyizintandane futhi ezibhedlela. Inombolo ephelele Iziboshwa wezindela 1917 kudlulwe namadoda angamakhulu amane.

Isikhathi yokushushiswa ngokwenkolo

Eminyakeni elandelayo Okthoba Revolution, Isigodlo wabelane isiphetho zezindela eziningi Russian. Ngo-1919, yena wakhunyulwa isimo salo esikhungweni sezenkolo. Kokuhlala eziyishumi ingxenye engcono sanikelwa ukuba emafulethini ohlanganyelwe abasebenzi bendawo.

Ezakhiweni zesonto Hlukanisa, ekuqaleni okunikeze izintshumayelo omphakathi wendawo Orthodox, ziye redeveloped izidingo yasendlini, futhi central sezindela isonto - Cathedral of kweNyuka - futhi yayo imitha-65 isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi yasha. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, kuphazamisekile ukusebenza Iver Monastery (Samara). Luhlelo amasevisi kuleyo minyaka kuboniswe phambili enkonzweni umthandazo ngaphakathi komphakathi zenkolo, kuyilapho sezindela uyekwa.

Ukuvuselelwa abode ongcwele

Ukuvuselelwa Isigodlo ongcwele baqala e nineties, nalapho leliya lizwe wabuya ibandla lonke nabo bonke konke sathathwa ngokungemthetho kude wakhe ngezikhathi kanzima. Ngo-1991, kwase kabusha ihlelwe umphakathi zabesifazane obubusa ifa esontweni Igumbi Refectory. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, saqala olunzulu umsebenzi wokubuyisela. kuningi okwakumelwe lakhiwe kabusha by recreating ukubukeka Gcina izithombe izinkumbulo izakhamizi endala yedolobha.

Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka ubuhle manje simi phezu iVolga Iver Monastery (Samara). Izibuyekezo bamvakashela-pilgrim kanye nezivakashi ibonisa ukuthi izisebenzi zokwakha, restorers, futhi nje izisebenzi zokuzithandela abafisa iqhaza nokuzalwa kabusha yayo, akuzange kube yize. Ngo-1994, umphakathi yabesifazane, kwakheka insimu yalo, wathola isimo ezisemthethweni yesigodlo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube namuhla iholwa kuMama Owayephethe isigodlo of St John (Kapitantseva).

Namuhla

Eligcwele ngokugcwele ukuphila okungokomoya Iver Monastery (Samara). Luhlelo amasevisi, nsuku zonke eyayenzelwa lapho, ubonisa amasevisi nekuhambisana womjikelezo waminyaka esabekwa Charter of Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia. Ukugeleza zezihambeli ezaziya ukuza sithandaze izindonga zawo, ukhula usuku. On the iphepha umdwebo enamathiselwe libonisa ngokucacile lapho Iver Monastery (Samara) itholakala. ikheli abode: Samara, Volzhsky ithemba, 1.