Ferapontov sezindela kanye nemidwebo ye noDiyonisiyu

Ferapontov Monastery (Vologda esifundeni), ezinde phezu Ferapontovo emzaneni kuyinto ubuhle eyingqayizivele Ensemble, kuyinto lesikhumbuzo zezwe ukubaluleka izindaba. Okwamanje ke likhona UNESCO uhlu. Isigodlo kuhlobene ngokuqondile izenzakalo ezibaluleke esenzeka eMoscow ekhulwini xv-XVII. Lapha, Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin, umuntu angabona nemidwebo eziningi, wenza noDiyonisiyu abadumile.

sezindela Ensemble

Ferapontov Monastery yakhiwe phezu kwegquma eliphakeme phakathi emachibini Borodaevsky Pavskii exhumanisa emfuleni Pasca encane. Ensemble yakhe ngokuvumelanayo ihlanganisa imininingwane ezakhiwo emakhulwini amaningi ehlukene. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile yilona Church of the kukaJesu the Virgin. Lona esontweni eyinhloko yesigodlo, ogama lokwakha lwaqala ngo-1490 eduze Cathedral 1530 IBandla lakhiwa we Annunciation, futhi 1640 kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha Church of the Martimiana oNgcwele.

Njengoba sezindela yasungulwa

Ferapontov Monastery yasungulwa ngo 1397 Ferapont, avela umndeni lasendulo Poskochinyh. izifungo oNgcwele wathatha lo Simonov Monastery eMoscow iminyaka engamashumi amane. Kube wenza abangane ne uMfundisi Kirillom Belozerskim. Ndawonye bamlalela ukushunyayelwa kwezindaba Sergiya Radonezhskogo, ngokuvamile wavakashela isikhungo sezindela. Buciko ukulalela FERAPONT waya ngasenyakatho ku Beloozero. Harsh aleli like saint, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana wanquma ukuhamba emuva nezigigaba. Lesi sikhathi baya enyakatho, kanye uCyril. Lapha Siverskoye echibini St uCyril-Belozersky Monastery yasungulwa.

Ngemva kwesikhashana FERAPONT eyasungulwa esigodlweni sakhe entabeni phakathi emachibini Pavskii Borodaevsky. Ekuqaleni wayehlala yeseli wakha unkom 'idlayodwa. ubunzima obuningi kwadingeka akhuthazelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yaqala ukuza izindela, naye eyakhelwe iseli lapha. Ngakho kancane kancane kule ndawo ziphenduka sezindela.

sokuthuthwa kwempahla

Ferapontov sezindela baziwa kwakubangelwa imizamo uMfundisi Martinian umfundi Kirilla Belozerskogo, ngaleso ukuphikelela yomfowabo baba wesigodlo. Lapha ukuba bakhulekele kanye wavakashela abameleli abadumile yezikhulu Russian - Elena Glinskaya, u-Ivan IV ka, Vasily III, njll Ekhulwini xv-XVI .. kusukela ezindongeni sezindela izibalo zivele ovelele Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia - Bishop of Vologda futhi Perm Filofei, uMbhishobhi Yaroslavl futhi Rostov Joasaph nabanye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Isigodlo yaba indawo yezimpi wokudingiswa abanegama abalwela ubukhulu Church State - UMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon, Metropolitan Spiridon-Savva, njll ...

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ferapontov Monastery wayebuye umnikazi ngobukhulu e. Ekhulwini XVII. Isigodlo kwakungekaNkulunkulu nemizana 60, abalimi abangamakhulu amathathu, 100 iceke.

incithakalo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi esigodlweni sezindela, kusukela siphetfo xv futhi XVII leminyaka, Kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziningi itshe, inqaba Okuyınqo, engazange abe. kocingo wakhe wokhuni wahlala kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XIX. Lokhu kwaba imbangela Incithakalo wezindela 1614, abaphangi Polish-Lithuanian. Iqalisiwe ukwakhiwa itshe wayeneminyaka engu-25 kuphela ngemva kokuhlasela. Kuyinto yokuthi Isigodlo yawela labhidlika, kumelwe alondoloze nemidwebo injalo yasekuqaleni. Esigodlweni sasingacebile, nokunye ukulungisa imidwebo azange ababulawa.

Ngo-1798 yesigodlo uyekwa ngomthetho esiGungwini. Ngo-1904, ephathelene nokuphatha izindela wavulwa futhi, kodwa kulokhu wentombazane. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa isikhathi eside - kuze 1924 Namuhla, indlu yezindela kuyinto Museum of nemidwebo ye noDiyonisiyu.

Isithonjana umdwebi noDiyonisiyu

Ngo-1502 e-Ferapontov Monastery wamenywa ukuba iqembu isithonjana umdwebi noDiyonisiyu. umsebenzi wakhe waba yokudweba kukaJesu Cathedral. Ngesikhathi noDiyonisiyu wayedume kakade futhi babhekwe ehola ingcweti eMoscow. Ukuze sakhe sokuqala esibalulekile wathola ephakathi kwengu-1467 futhi 1477. Ngalesi sikhathi emenywa ukuba bahlanganyele ukuklanywa Church of the kukaJesu the Virgin e Pafnutyevo-Borovsky sezindela. Ngo 1481, wathatha elinye umsebenzi obalulekile - ukuqaliswa kwemifanekiso iconostasis ka kweNyuka Cathedral (eMoscow ezibiyele). With ukuthengwa master wakwazi kahle futhi liye kusukela baba samuntu esikoleni eMoscow umdwebo.

Ferapontov Monastery. nemidwebo ye noDiyonisiyu

NoDiyonisiyu nemidwebo e Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin bawukuphela yasezindongeni esekhona okuyinhloko. Ngaphambi izinguquko olungaphambili lwesonto ekhulwini XVI. iziza ukuboniswa kwalo kukhona ubonakale kude. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi esangweni zibonisa eziyinhloko Gabriel futhi uMichael. Ingosi lihlotshiswe izigcawu "Ukuzalwa KukaKristu the Virgin" kanye Umfanekiso "Desus". Njengoba kungabonakala ephethwe i medallion ngesithombe kaKristu. Ngenhla umnyango noDiyonisiyu uthumele isithombe of Our Lady sizungezwe abaningi Mayumskogo Cosmas futhi Ioana Damaskina. Kuyinto lokhu Umfanekiso kungukuqala uchungechunge oxhumene izithombe elalinikezelwe Virgin Ubusisiwe. Esikhathini emaphakathi Asp uvezwa ehlezi esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi, enezingelosi Virgin Hodegetria Eguqa phambi kwakhe. Ethempelini kunezinye izipho umbukeli Virgin Mary Umfanekiso. Ferapontov Monastery idume, ngaphezu kwakho konke, sibonga zabalingiswa Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin.

Izici imidwebo ethempelini

mural ohlelweni isonto ihlelwe kakhulu ngokuqinile futhi ngamafuphi. Yasezindongeni zenziwa ikhumbula izici yezakhiwo kwesakhiwo. Esinye isici esikhethekile, okwenza umklamo sethempeli Ukwakheka obunobunye kuyikhono. Lokhu singasho sithi kokubili nokubekwa esemathuneni akudala, kanye ngamunye ngesakhiwo ngabanye. Imida nezimo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushaya emhloleni yabo. Zonke izithombe avele isisindo, nokubuka phezulu. Imidwebo ziyahlukahluka aminyene Dynamics. Ukuze sinake yonke nemidwebo ku ukulandelanisa indaba, kumele uya emhlabeni ithempeli isiyingi izikhathi ezimbadlwana.

Enye timphawu letehlukene we nemidwebo ye noDiyonisiyu iyona umsungulo umbala nangobuciko. Ngo izithombe busa ezimhlophe, isibhakabhaka blue, ophuzi, pink, cherry kanye nemibala ukukhanya green. Ukuze ngemuva komdwebi isetshenzisiwe blue ikakhulukazi elikhanyayo. umculi Paint okuthiwa alethwa kusuka eMoscow. Abacebe ngokuya umbala izixazululo zipendwe izindondo ngaphansi isigubhu kanye nemengamo entwasahlobo-ukulayishwa. Uma wenza kubo zazisetshenziswa njengezibonakaliso imibala okumsulwa, futhi Izingxube yalo.

Yasezindongeni ka Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin elingangena ngokuphepha ngokuthi esivelele lokusungula noDiyonisiyu. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi zonke frescos Ferapontov sezindela zazenziwa izinsuku 34 kuphela (kusukela ngo-August 6 kuya kwezingu-8 Septhemba). Leli naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuleyo ndawo yabo Imininingwane kuyinto 600 m ^2.

Ferapontov Monastery Luzhetsky

Ekhulwini xv Beloozero kwakungekaNkulunkulu Prince Andrew, indodana Dmitriya Donskogo. Ngo 1408, yena libhekisela Ferapontov ibuza isisekelo sezindela emzini Mozhaisk. Ngemva kokucabangisisa kakhulu, lo saint uyavuma ukuba babe wesigodlo ka wezindela entsha. Njengoba yayakhiwe osebeni lomfula i-UMfula iMoscow, Isigodlo owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi Luzhetsky. Ngo 1420 Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin lakhiwa-ke. Budebuduze sezindela Luzhetsky namuhla has a umthombo wamanzi enempilo. Le ndlela bayibiza ngokuthi kuye umthombo St Ferapont. Ngokusho yetinsita ke wavulwa saint.

ONgcwele FERAPONT Luzhetsky wahlala esigodlweni sezindela kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1426 Ngo-1547, it zibalwa kwabangcwele. izinsalela yakhe Namanje wangcwatshwa Cathedral of the kukaJesu the Virgin. Vologda Ferapontov Monastery Luzhetsky futhi namuhla ezikhumbuzo ebaluleke kunayo medieval isiko Russian.