I-Apricot "intandokazi": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, izici zokunakekela, ukukhiqiza, ukubuyekezwa. I-apricot yesifunda saseMoscow

isiko, njengabo ibhilikotsi, okuqondene uhlobo lwe Armeniaca Scop, likhona iplamu subfamily. Okuvame kakhulu emhlabeni nambili zezithelo. The main izinhlobo kutshalwa kuyinto Avulgaris, noma ibhilikotsi abavamile.

Lokhu izithelo yaziwa eminye iminyaka eyisikhombisa noma nesishiyagalombili edlule. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ke kwalethwa kusukela e-Armenia, futhi kwenzeka eminyakeni kungathi izingalo ezingamakhulu amabili edlule. Kuleli zwe, ongomunye wabalingiswa Yileso ibhilikotsi. Isihlahla obizwa "aphula lase-Armenia." Ezweni lethu, isiko ivamile eNorth eCaucasus and eCrimea.

Akukho muntu, ababengeke bathande ukuba adle isithelo ezifana ibhilikotsi. Tree, ugcwele izithelo aphuzi-Pinkish Avulgaris, leli iphupho zonke wensimu. Mnene kukagesi, sifana nengubo izikhumba kanye namanzi uginindela elimnandi - konke lokhu kwenza izithelo oyintandokazi kwabaningi ibhilikotsi. Futhi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Futhi uma ngaphambili kuba umuthi izithelo zingatshalwa kuphela ezindaweni aseningizimu, eminyakeni yamuva, abalimi baye bayishiya izinhlobo ezifana, okuyizinto kahle ukubekezelela izimo ebusika kuqhathaniswa nokhahlo.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

ngokushesha amabhilikosi Hardy bathandile balimi. Ethandwa kakhulu zalezi "obomvu abami", "Russian", "ezinzima", "intandokazi", "uju", "snegirek" futhi "sakhe indebe." Ayikho sici kancane ewusizo balolusiko yikhono layo self-impova. Lesi sici isiqinisekiso sokuvuna esihle, ngisho noma i-isihlahla ibhilikotsi esayithini esiyingqayizivele.

Isikhathi nokuvuthwa, lokhu isiko iyona zakuqala, maphakathi kanye sekwephuzile. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba ukhule ensimini yase izinhlobo eziningana, ezingafani kule ndaba. Khona-ke, cishe sonke isikhathi sonyaka kungaba phezu kwetafula ka amabhilikosi amnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo isencane "Alyosha", "Juni", "leskore", "bobukhosi '," Sambursky ekuqaleni "," umfelandawonye "," Melitopol ekuqaleni "futhi" yeqhwa ". Mid-kubhekwe "ebomvana", "Goldrich", "sezindela", "i-Altair", "Cossack", i- "Thunderbird", njalo njalo. D. ngu izinhlobonhlobo ngasekupheleni zihlanganisa "inhlansi", "Kiev Krasen», «kostyuzhensky", "Denisyuk ekhethekile "namabhilikosi" ozithandayo. " Abaningi babo zikhule kahle izingadi suburban futhi sithokozise sokuvuna yabo.

ibhilikotsi Kuhle ngoba amadlelo

Esifundeni ngasinye, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezithile ezingamelana nezinselele izimo zezulu we zone. Ngokwesibonelo, ukutshalwa edolobheni ivumelane kuphela lezo izinhlobo ukuthi abe kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu hardiness ebusika futhi abekezelele yesithwathwa lapha ivamile impela phakathi nenkathi ebandayo. Apricot "intandokazi", ebhekise iqembu cultivars nge yokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni, mazombezombe ezahlukene kanye ukubukeka ekuqaleni izithelo. thelo bayigugu ukunambitheka kwabo kakhulu, ngoba iphunga kakhulu futhi ukubukeka okuhle. Apricot "Intandokazi" wethulwa ekuqaleni 2000 yi-umfuyi Kramarenko. Umsunguli we ezihlukahlukene main ingadi Botanical yezwe. Ngo-2004, isiko kwahlanganiswa State Register of Central Region. Kuyinto, nahlulele by ukubuyekezwa, webhilikosi kangcono emizaneni.

incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Lo muthi isithelo of ngokulinganisela amandla ukukhula. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama isimila esesikhule ifinyelela emithathu kuya kwemine amamitha. Apricot "intandokazi" ka yokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni has umqhele sredneraskidistuyu. Yena branched amahlumela yonyaka, shiny, ngaphandle pubescence nokuba umbala onsundu. Amagxolo ku iziqu amadala kancane kancane iba grey ansundu kanye embozwe ukuqhekeka longitudinal. Steel plate kule inhlobo ibhilikotsi ine ijamo side, nge ekhethekile ekupheleni futhi scalloped emaphethelweni. Isiqu saso zalesi sihlahla mncane. Apricot isihlahla izinhlobo "intandokazi" embozwe izimbali ezimhlophe entwasahlobo, nokuba usayizi isilinganiso (ububanzi ngamasentimitha amathathu). Efihlekile eziqhakaza ngaphambi avele amaqabunga.

Izithelo ibhilikotsi, okuyiqembu isisindo kufika ku amathathu amagremu, mikhulu. Sinenkosi simise oyindilinga, unezikhinsi kanye pubescence okuncane. "Intandokazi" Izithelo ibhilikotsi izinhlobo umbala owolintshi nge red evelele. Banezinhliziyo uginindela elikhanyayo kuyinto ukuthungwa namanzi futhi obukhulu. Bone ku-fetus lincane ngokwanele, ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kungenziwa kalula ahlukaniswe. Apricot "intandokazi", njengoba kuye kwashiwo, siphathelene samoplodnye, ngakho asikho ezithutha impova eyengeziwe ngenxa yalo. Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi ukweluleka: ukuzuzisa esibelethweni naye ukutshala izinhlobo ezifana "allele", "bobukhosi 'noma" sezindela. " Ukwahlulela ukubuyekezwa, lokhu Apricot ngoba amadlelo esifanelana kangcono.

Izinzuzo, nebubi grade

Uhlu izici ezinhle "izintandokazi" lifaka ukubukeka lokuqala ekuseni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu grade frost okusezingeni eliphezulu ukumelana, okwenza kube lula ikhule ngo nemibandela endaweni eMoscow, samoplodnye, isethulo esihle futhi transportability okuhle.

Ngaphezu izinzuzo, izazi okukhulunywe izinkinga eziningi, okuyinto ejwayelekile ibhilikotsi "ozithandayo." It - ngasekupheleni nezikhathi yokuvuthwa, kudingeka izihlahla njalo futhi thinning umqhele, kanye ukwencika ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi izithelo sezulu.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi kanye nendawo kokwehla

"Intandokazi", njengemithi enamaqabunga kakhulu izithelo, izitshalo ukukhanya-nokushisa-onothando. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala ibhilikotsi emhlabathini evulekile kumele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo. Esakhuluma ngayo le ndaba yale nedlelo kungcono ukuba afeze umsebenzi ekuqaleni kuka-April. Ukutshala Apricot kule nkathi kuzokwenza ngcono yisithombo impande, futhi ingozi ukulimala izihlahla frost kuyehla kube okungenani. Ekwindla ka isikhala izithombo kuvulekile phansi ochwepheshe cabanga ezingenawo la mathuba.

Ukuze Apricot "intandokazi" samoplodnye ngokuvamile sakhula futhi wanika isivuno esihle, kungcono ukuthatha icala langasezantsi libe ngamawaka isayithi, lapho kukhona ukufinyelela ukhululekile elangeni. Lo muthi izithelo kungenziwa itshalwe njengoba uthango kanye nezakhiwo eduze. Le mfuneko esiyinhloko kokwehla wukuthi endaweni kufanele ivikeleke emoyeni futhi okusalungiswa.

Ukuze okusheshayo ukusungulwa nezithombo kungaba ohlangothini lwasenyakatho ukuze aphephise izihlangu encane, zaveza emhlophe. izakhiwo ezinjalo ezibonisa kahle yelanga futhi kuvimbele izitshalo umnkantsha.

Apricot "intandokazi" izithelo athuthukiswe kahle futhi ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziphakeme futhi nemithambeka encane. Akumele etshalwe lokhu isiko emathafeni noma ezindaweni lapho kukhona izikhukhula njalo. Kulokhu ezingeni komhlaba kule ndawo kumele singeqi 3-4 m.

inhlabathi

Sweet ibhilikotsi izinhlobo ngokwanele afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye Ukwakheka yokudla okunempilo kanye isimo somhlabathi. Kubo, ukukhanya ephelele inhlabathi evundile - loam sandy noma loam umhlaba. I elikhulu asidi inhlabathi kumele kube hlangothi noma wavuma esidi nge pH 6 kuya ku-7 Kulokhu, inhlabathi kumele ngempela kudlule bese amanzi nomoya kahle. Ukuze ukutshala izinhlobo ibhilikotsi umkhuba akuyona isihlabathi noma ubumba ezindaweni ezifanele.

Uma isiko agqoke ezimnyama inhlabathi imvula ezikhuluphalisiweyo, isihlahla ongafikanga kwaze kwathi esikhathini fruiting, unike isivuno okungamukelekile okuncane. "Omakhelwane" Okuhle Ngomsebenzi ibhilikotsi izinhlobo abhekwa oki, eliphakathi kwe ubudala ne-maple nomlotha. "Intandokazi" ine uhlelo olunzulu futhi ezijulile impande, ngakho ezindaweni lapho lezi zitshalo abakhona, ngokuvamile sihlale sisihle singagxila.

Ukukhetha izitshalo

A enempilo atshale impahla - kuyisihluthulelo ukusungulwa yimpumelelo nokuthuthukiswa lomuthi eqinile. Apricot "Intandokazi", nakho kuncike isivuno kulesi simo kufanele afinyelele izimfuneko ezithile. Uma ukhetha izithombo kwasekuqaleni kufanele sinake isimo okusobala amagatsha isiqu. Kufanele ibe bushelelezi, akukho umonakalo, ukulimala. Ukuze zikhule edolobheni kuyinto efiselekayo ukhetha shtamboobrazovatelyah kokwehla impahla. Phakathi isiphunzi kumele kusetshenziswe abandayo nemithi hhayi podprevayuschie isiko, ezifana iplamu, plums, amapentshisi, alimondi, yebo, ibhilikotsi. Ngakho ochwepheshe ukwandisa frost ukumelana nesomiso ukumelana izinhlobo. Izinkomba best of ukuzinza ngokumelene nesomiso ibhilikotsi kuwo ukuze alimondi, kancane - e peach. Lapho uthenga izithombo kudingeka sinake ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo impande. Ngesikhathi izimpande akumelwe kungalimala. Uma lokhu akwamukelekile neze njengoba khona izingxenye efile noma podmerzshie.

Kulesi sisekelo singasho ukuthi okungcono ukuthenga izithombo kuyo noma okukhethekile ezitolo. Izihlahla enikelwa abahwebi yangasese emakethe, musa njalo asezingeni elifanele. Zokutshala kudingekile ukukhetha ukuthi ulondoloza unyaka noma izitshalo biennial isimiso impande evulekile noma avaliwe. Leyo mithi, kuyo ukuthi ukuthengisa namuhla izigubhu, kungcono kakhulu ukuba imile izimpande, futhi ngokushesha kakhulu angene ophawulekayo.

Ukulungiselela isayithi lokubikezela

Kungcono ukuba bafeze umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo endaweni ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufika ku ibhilikotsi yakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, kuvamile single-ingxenye primer ukuthi kufanele yakhiwe esifundeni Moscow. Ukuze uqale ukutshala emgodini ngemba nge ububanzi of mayelana ayisishiyagalombili kanye ngamasentimitha kuze kube kamashumi ayisikhombisa ukujula. Ubukhulu bayo kungcono ukwandisa lapho inhlabathi akulona isayithi amumethe izakhamzimba. Ngokuvamile, abampofu ezweni, kulapho kufanele umgodi. Phansi ligcwele amanzi nga bumba zandiswa amatshe indawo noma izitini ephukile. Ukuze ngokugcwalisa ku kumbiwa kufanele ukulungiselela ingxube inhlabathi ubumba, Peat nesihlabathi ngezabelo alinganayo. Abaningi lapho futhi wengeze lime noma ukhuni umlotha, Gram nanhlanu - amabili umquba, superphosphate kanye potassium usawoti. Ngenhla emgodini ugcwele ungqimba primer okumsulwa.

Disembarkation: igxathu negxathu Umhlahlandlela

Ngaphambi ngokubeka izithombo emhlabathini, kufanele anqunywe izimpande ezilimele futhi yomile. izibuyekezo cutoff ngaphambilini kusetshenzwe izinqubo liyadingeka. Izimpande izithombo kufanele wasigcobhoza in a inhlabathi Mash. Idinga uzilungiselele ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngenxa yale njongo, inhlabathi evundile ukuze buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze ukungaguquguquki ukhilimu obukhulu. Ochwepheshe batusa ngokungeza sikaMahaziya le mithi futhi ngesilinganiso 0.1 amagremu ayishumi zamalitha amanzi. Leli thuluzi kuyothuthukisa kumiswa izimpande kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa kangcono ezihlahla ezisakhula.

Khona-ke, e-imbobo ukulungele phansi kuyinto indunduma ezincane zobumba. At ibanga amasentimitha ayishumi ukusuka enkabeni isikhonkwane okhandiweyo. Maphakathi emgodini kokwehla ibekwe a Ngaphakathi kwakunezigqiki ezithambile, ogama izimpande ngobumnene uyozilungisa egqumeni. Udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi esiphikeni impande lalilide kulabo ezingeni phansi ngamasentimitha amane kuya kwayisithupha.

Ngilale a komhlaba imbobo, yisithombo kufanele ngezikhathi ezinyakaziswayo ukugcwalisa imigodi yenhlabathi. Inhlabathi kumele kube ngokucophelela unyathele umlenze. Ngemva kwalokho, le Twine yisithombo kuboshelwe isikhonkwane. Khona-ke, ngaso umgodi ububanzi amane amasentimitha, futhi phansi roll at emaphethelweni.

Ukunisela emva kokutshala izithombo kufanele amalitha amabili amanzi okumsulwa efudumele. Imithombo ayomile phansi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla, chips izinkuni noma Peat. Phakathi nenyanga yokuqala emva kokutshala kudingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela umswakama okuqukethwe inhlabathi, noma kunjalo, ngeke sivumele omiswe kwenhlabathi.

Apricot "intandokazi": izici ukunakekelwa

Njenganoma iyiphi enye isitshalo, lesi sithelo isivuno futhi kudinga ukuba kulinywe indlela efanele. ukunakekelwa kuphela abanekhono lezi izinhlobonhlobo ibhilikotsi umlimi akwazi ukukhula endaweni kuyinto isihlahla ngonyaka olumnandi sokuvuna eqinile nenempilo obuningi okumnandi izithelo izinga. Imithetho eyisiqalo ngesikhathi esifanele Imishini izihlahla, ukuvundiswa, asivikele ezinambuzaneni noma isifo, futhi yebo, ukuthambisa esifike ngesikhathi. Abalimi kudingeka ukuqapha nokuhlanzeka isayithi eduze emgqonyeni, nokususa njalo ukhula vzryhlivaya ngezikhathi umhlabathi.

ukuchelela

Apricot "intandokazi" inohlelo eqinile futhi ezijulile impande. Ngakho-ke ungathola ngempela adingekayo ukuze ikhule evamile umswakama kusukela izingqimba engezansi zenhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zezulu, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba afeze ngenkasa ezine eziyinhloko - ngo-Ephreli, Meyi, ekuqaleni kuka-July no-Okthoba.

Ngenkasa engcono kwenziwe nge uhlelo kwalokho noma ngokusebenzisa anemifantu annular. Amanzi Izinga isihlahla yonyaka nanhlanu noma amabili wamalitha zisetshenziswa - amabhakede ezimbili iminyaka emithathu - .. ezintathu, njll Ngesikhathi ukuthambisa ngamunye kufanele moisten umhlaba aze aphakame amathathu kuya amane amasentimitha ukujula. Ngemva iyiphi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ngenkasa imbobo pine izinaliti, ngomhlabathi owomile noma chips izinkuni.

izihlahla

Lona omunye izigaba eziyinhloko inakekelwa izihlahla zezithelo ezifana ibhilikotsi "ozithandayo." Izihlahla ngokuvamile kukholelwa entwasahlobo. Ngo ekwindla, kungaba buthaka esihlahleni, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ezibandayo noma liyana. Eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwenziwe ukwakheka umqhele. ifomu ayingcosana abaphuma ikhethwa kaningi. Kulokhu otraschivaniya lugcinwa amahlanu nesikhombisa amagatsha lokuqala oda ngezikhawu ngamasentimitha amane.

Ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokwehla uyakunquma zonke amagatsha ezingeni elilodwa kusukela emhlabathini. Ekuqaleni mfushane ngesigamu labo esisogwini irowu main. Khona-ke, amagatsha ezisele zinqunywa indandatho cambial. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo isuswe non-core izinqubo, futhi ekhula engela oyingozi.

Ngonyaka wokuphila ibhilikotsi yesibili ekhiqizwa ebeka uqimba yesibili. Ezingeni ngamasentimitha amane kusukela kuqala ekhelini kwakheka inqubo yesibili. Kulokhu, amagatsha amancane unyaka kungukuthi usike, futhi amahlumela yonyaka nge ubude ngamasentimitha ayisithupha nesigamu mfushane. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngendlela efanayo, i-uqimba entsha. Ngemva kokuvalwa umqhele kumiswa wenziwa puncturing sanitary ahlabayo. Lokhu kususa amagatsha ezomile futhi ephukile, nalabo amahlumela ukuthi zikhule thwi futhi ukujula.

Ukungeza sigqoka

Zalisa ibhilikotsi izinhlobo "intandokazi" Kufanele uqale emva lokuqala fruiting yayo. Yokudla kudingeka wenze ngonyaka. Izinga edingekayo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili: Engxenyeni yokuqala yengezwe enhlabathini kakade kwentwasahlobo, kanti eyesibili kuphela ngemva kokuvuna. Apricot organic umquba kufanele imijovo isetshenziswa kanye kuphela eminyakeni emithathu. Umanyolo kumele basakaza ngokulinganayo phezu emgodini phansi endaweni, bese ufafaza ungqimba inhlabathi okumsulwa yona amasentimitha eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi.

Ulungiselela isiko amakhaza ebusika

Ukuze ibhilikotsi isihlahla akusho uhlushwa okushisa aphansi, kuvunguza imimoya ebandayo neqhwa, kubalulekile ukulungiselela kusengaphambili ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umlumbanisi kufanele iziqu ekwindla ngomcako kanye izisekelo amagatsha lwamathambo engadini lime omhlophe noma slaked. Khona-ke eduze-wellbore ingxenye Peat semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla, noma ngesihlahla sonwele sawdust amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele. Umqhele izihlahla abasha kufanele tie Twine.

Uma ebusika esifundeni, isibonelo, eMoscow yamakhaza, kuyadingeka akha Isigaxa emthini ngompheme engadini noma spunbond, futhi base embozwe isihlabathi noma emhlabeni. ochwepheshe Mulching musa ukutusa ukusetshenziswa hay, utshani noma amaqabunga liwile, kanye okunamathiselwe akudingekile ukusebenzisa wire noma eminye imikhiqizo metal.

Nothile Kuveza ibhilikotsi

Njengoba sekushiwo, lena uhlobo ukubukeka ekuqaleni izithelo. Uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka lesithathu noma lesine emva kokutshala. Nokuvuthwa isithelo kweziningi izifunda zezwe lethu iqala ngo-Agasti bese ihlala kuze kube sekupheleni September. Esimeni lapho ehlobo kwaba nemvula, kunobungozi ukuthi iningi amabhilikosi futhi kusala amagatsha e isimo beya. Isivuno isilinganiso "Intandokazi" ngamunye isihlahla ezihlukahlukene ivela nesishiyagalombili ukuba amakhilogremu amabili nantathu.

Izithelo esiqandisini kufanele agcinwe uphawu iphepha izikhwama. Bayalondolozwa e nezipakupaku kahle. Ezimweni ezinjalo, amabhilikosi grade "intandokazi" isikhathi eside kungonakele nelesithupha izinsuku. At lokushisa zero degree elilodwa futhi ngesikhathi nomswakama ka 85-95% izithelo ingagcina kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-amathathu noma amane. Isikhathi isitoreji eside is hhayi Kunconywa, ngoba kulesi simo iqala ukubhujiswa isakhiwo inyama.

Izibuyekezo

Mangisho ukuthi namuhla, balimi eziningi kule ndawo uyakhula ibhilikotsi "ozithandayo." Izibuyekezo abonisa ukuthi le ezihlukahlukene iyona engcono kakhulu ezikhulayo esifundeni Moscow. Lapha ungakwazi ikhule ibe isihlahla omangalisayo, okunikeza ukukhula okusheshayo ehlobo isilinganiso kwamamitha eyodwa nengxenye lapho. Njengoba Izibuyekezo balimi Apricot "intandokazi" kuyinto grade sasivumela undemanding. Uma-ke nayo yonke amazinga ezikhulayo agronomic, lowo muthi uyobuye ukukhiqiza kwesivuno njalo, ujabula abanikazi ngezithelo zaso amnandi. Lapho abashadile bekhuthazela okushisa ngokwanele ongaphakeme ngisho cool-sezulu nezithelo ezinhle.