I-chlorine dioxide: ifomula, isicelo. Imiphumela ye-chlorine dioxide emzimbeni

I-chlorine dioxide, noma i-ClO ₂ , iyinhlanganisela engahleliwe ye-chemical element Cl (chlorine) ene-chemical element O (i-oxygen). Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe ngalesi sici, kanye nokuthola ukuthi isetshenziswe kuphi, ukuthi itholakala kanjani kuma laboratories nakumkhakha, ukuthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni.

Kuyini i-dioxide? Umehluko phakathi kwe-dioxide ne-oxide

Abafundi abaningi balahlekile lapho bebona igama elithi "i-dioxide" ngoba kwisayensi enjalo, njenge-chemistry, lo mqondo usuvele usuphelelwe isikhathi. Igama elithi "i-dioxide" lisengatholakala ezincwadini zokufunda, izincwadi nase-Inthanethi, kodwa ezinye izikole seziye zayeka ukuchaza lokho okuyikho.

Ngakho, sonke siyazi ukuthi i-oxide iyini. I-oksidi iyinhlanganisela ye-oksijini (O) nanoma iyiphi enye into engaphansi kwe-electronegative element. I-oxide nayo i-ClO ₂ . I-dioxide nayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-compound lapho kukhona khona ama-athomu amabili. Isiqalo "di" egameni elithi "dioxide" lisho "amabili".

Uma uzwa igama elithi "dioxide", khona-ke kulokhu kuxhumana kukhona ama-athomu amabili e-oxygen. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba ubhale phansi ifomula yamakhemikhali yekhamera ngendlela efanele.

Izakhiwo zomzimba zento

I-chlorine dioxide ingumuthi omubi ophethe iphunga elimangalisayo, kanye nombala wombala obomvu obomvu. Kodwa emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-10 degrees Celsius into eguqula isimo sayo esiphezulu futhi iphenduke ibe yiketshezi lombala obomvu obomvu. Uqhuma uma uvutha. Kuhle kakhulu futhi ngokushesha uhlakaza emanzini. Ixuba kakhulu futhi ichitheka kwezinye izixazululo eziphilayo, njenge-acetic ne-sulfuric acid. Iphuzu lokuqhakazila le-substance yi--5 degrees Celsius, futhi iphuzu layo lokubilisa liyi-9.7 degrees Celsius kuphela.

Ukulungiselela indlela ye-laboratory

Kuze kube manje, indlela eyodwa kuphela yokuthola i-chlorine dioxide ebhokisatri isetshenziswa - ngokuphendula i-potassium chlorate (KClO ₃ ) nge- oxalic acid, ene-formula H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ . Lokhu kusabela kukhulula i-ClO ₂ , kanye namanzi ne-sodium oxalate.

Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthola i-ClO ₂ ngenye indlela. Kulokhu kukhona ukufakwa okukhethekile. Ukufaka i-chlorine dioxide kuyisibonelo esiwusizo sezesayensi. Ukufakwa okunjalo kuhlanganisa i unit control, a reactor, amaphampu for ukudlulisa reagents ahlukahlukene kuya reactor, kanye valves ahlukahlukene kanye valves. Ukukhiqiza i-ClO ₂ , i- sulfuric acid, izixazululo ze-sodium chloride kanye ne-sodium chlorate zisetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, kutholakala isisombululo se-chlorine dioxide.

Ukukhiqizwa ngendlela yezimboni

Ososayensi be-ClO ₂ bafunde ukuthi bangayithola kanjani futhi basebenze ngokwethu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusabela okunciphisa kwenziwa, lapho i-chlorate ye-sodium iyancishiswa nge-sulfur dioxide. Ngenxa yokusabela, i-chlorine dioxide ikhishwa, ukulungiswa kwethu esikufezile, kanye ne- sodium hydrogen sulphate.

Izakhi ze-Chemical zezinto

I-chlorine dioxide inezinto eziningana ezibalulekile zamakhemikhali. I-ClO ₂ iyi- oxide esebenzayo (ibonisa izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ihlanganisa ama-acid acidic). Lapho kuchithwa i-chlorine dioxide emanzini, kwenzeka ukuphendulwa kokungafani kahle, okungukuthi, ama-acids afana ne-chloric ne-chloride akhiwa. Uma i-chlorine oxide ngokwayo iqhuma ngokukhanya, izixazululo zayo zizinzile ngokuphelele ebumnyameni, futhi aziqhubeki ekukhanyeni, kodwa ziqede kancane kancane.

I-ClO ₂ iziphatha ngezindlela eziningi njenge-oxyidizer esebenzayo, iphendula ngamakhemikhali amaningi kakhulu ekhemikhali ephilayo.

Isicelo

I-chlorine dioxide, ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, manje sekuthandwa kakhulu. Ngokuvamise ukuthi lokhu kusebenza njenge-bleach. I-chlorine oxide isetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi, ngezinsimbi zokugaya njengephepha, ufulawa, njll.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, into ebizwa ngokuthi i-ClO ₂ ibhekwa ngamakhemikhali ukuba abe omunye wama-anti-antimicrobial enamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Yingakho ivame ukusetshenziselwa inzalo, kanye nokuhlanzwa kwezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene. Ibulala ama-pathogenic microbes nge-oxidation, ngenxa yokuthi i-oxyidizer ejwayelekile. I-chlorine dioxide, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okwenyuka ngenxa ye-acid impahla, manje kuyisidingo esibalulekile.

Lesi sidakamizwa siyadingeka embonini ngokunembile ngoba kunezinto ezimbalwa ezivimbela izinto eziphathekayo ngokwezomnotho nokuphepha kwemvelo. Ukungasebenzi kahle ngokusetshenziswa kwe-ClO ₂ kuphephile ngokuphelele kwimvelo yethu. Kuze kube yilolu suku, sebenzisa i-gaseous, kanye ne-Cl eyinkimbinkimbi yokumangalisa kanye nokuchithwa kwamanzi. Kodwa maduzane, ngenxa yezinkinga zemvelo, sebenzisa i-disinfector ephephile kakhulu - i-chlorine dioxide. Ngokungafani nemvelo ehlanzekile ye-chlorine, i-ClO ₂ eyaziwayo ayifaki ukungena kwe-chlorination nezinye izinto nezici zamakhemikhali.

Amanzi, angasetshenzisiwe nge-chlorine, awukwazi ukuphuza kuphela, kodwa futhi asebenzise ukugeza izindawo zesikhumba. Kodwa i-chlorine dioxide yasiza ekuxazululeni le nkinga: iphephile ngokuphelele, ngoba ayihlanganyeli ekuphenduleni ukukhenkisana.

Imiphumela ye-chlorine dioxide emzimbeni

I-chlorine dioxide, umphumela wayo emzimbeni ucwaningwa ososayensi ngamashumi eminyaka ambalwa. Manje le makhemikhali isetshenziswe ngokuqinile embonini yokudla, njenge-additi E926. Ngeshwa, izakhi eziningi ze-E ziyingozi kakhulu, futhi abantu abavamile, abathengi bemikhiqizo, abancane bayaziwa ngabo. Ezinye izithasiselo, noma kunjalo, azilimazi, kodwa ziyingozi kakhulu. I-chlorine dioxide ingahlinzekwa phakathi: kuyingozi emzimbeni womuntu, akuyona into engathandeki, kepha le makhemikhali ayinayo imiphumela emibi emzimbeni womuntu, ngokungafani ne-glutamate ye-sodium yanamuhla.

Uma udla ukudla kanye nokuqukethwe kwalesi sithako kungase kubonakale kukhwehlela, ngezinye izikhathi kunamandla kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, ukucasuka kwamangqamuzana omzimba, ukuhlasela kwe-asthmatic. Uma lokhu kungena emgodini wokuphefumula, ukucasuka kwamaphaphu kungase kwenzeke.

I-chlorine dioxide yinto ethakazelisayo kakhulu ososayensi abaye bayifundela amakhulu eminyaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu embonini, ikakhulukazi ekudleni, kungokwemvelo futhi kuphephile (yebo, kuphela ngokusetshenziswa okufanele).