I-gastroscopy yesisu. Indlela yokwenza i-gastroscopy yesisu. Ukulungiselela kahle isisu esiswini se-gastroscopy

Isisu esithukuthele kaningi asihlotshaniswa nokudla kwesifo. Izimbangela zokungahambi kahle, ezimweni eziningi, ziyingozi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezingapheli zendlela yokugaya. Ngokuyinhloko, isisu, isisu, ama-pancre noma amathumbu angaphazamiseka.

Ngumuphi udokotela okufanele akhulume?

Ukuze unqume imbangela eqondile yokulimala, kufanele uvakashele udokotela - isifo se-gastroenterologist. Udokotela uqhuba ucwaningo, ukhetha ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Ikakhulukazi, isazi sikhuthaza i-gastroscopy yesisu. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa yenza kube lula ukubona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathologies yomzimba.

Ngabe iziphi izifundo ezinikezwe?

I-gastroscopy yesisu inconywa ubuhlungu esifundeni se- epigastric, ngenxa yokudla ukudla. Njengomthetho, kulokhu, ukungahambi kahle kubonakala ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokudla noma ngesisu esingenalutho. Isifundo senziwa ngokuhlanza njalo noma isicanucanu, ukubamba nge ukunambitheka okumuncu. Kunconywa phambi kwenzwa ehlala njalo ye-raspiraniya noma isisindo esiswini emva kokudla. Izinkomba zenqubo zibandakanya ukuhlanza okuvamile ngokuxubana kwegazi noma ukudla okwenziwa ngosuku olulandelayo, ukuguquka kwenhliziyo.

I-gastroscopy yesisu isetshenziselwa izimo zokusola kwesifo somzimba. Kulesi simo, kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke isifo sofuba esiphundu noma esingapheliyo (ukuphazanyiswa ekukhiqizeni ijusi esiswini), isifo sesilonda esiswini (isimo esibonakala ngokubunjwa kwe-mucosa njengesimo sesilonda) noma ukuhlushwa kwayo kanye nezinkinga (ukuphuma kwegazi, ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwesinye nesinye). Ucwaningo lunqunyelwe ama-polyps okusolakala (ukwakheka kugobolondo), umdlavuza kanye nezinye izifo. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa inconywa iziguli ezithola ukuhlolwa kwesisu ngaphandle kwe-gastroscopy, kodwa akukho ukuphulwa okutholiwe, naphezu kokutholakala kwezibonakaliso ezizimele. Phakathi nenqubo, i-biopsy ingenziwa - isayithi eliyisolisayo lesisayithi liyathathwa ukuze kuhlolwe kamuva ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa ibhekwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza wesisu. Uma kukhona ukusola kokuthuthukisa isilonda se-peptic, isazi sithatha i-mucosa. Udaba olulandelayo luphenywa ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zokuba khona kwamagciwane - Helicobacter pylori.

Izinyathelo ngaphambi kokuxilongwa

Ukulungiselela i-gastroscopy ye-gastric akubandakanyi izinqubo zomzimba kuphela. Okubaluleke kangako isimo sengqondo sesiguli. Kunombono wokuthi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwenkambiso, kunezinzwa ezingathandeki endaweni okuphenywayo. Kulokhu, iziguli eziningi ziyesaba lolu cwaningo. I-gastroenterologist, futhi, kufanele ikhombise isiguli ngobuhlungu bendlela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imishini yesimanje yenza inqubo ibekezeleleke kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwe-endoscopes ye-video yesimanje, akujabulisi ngomuntu ukugwinya ikhebula ngekhamera. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe banxusa iziguli ukuba zithathe izidakamizwa ezisiza ukuvimbela i-gag reflex. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, isiguli kufanele sinikezwe ukuhlolwa okudingekile - yiziphi, udokotela ozokwenza. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kosuku olulindelekile lwesifundo, kunconywa ukuba uhambisane nokudla okukhethekile. I-gastroenterologist izokutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukudla ongakwenza nokuthi akufanele kudliwe. Okuvinjelwe kuhlanganisa utshwala. Amahora ayishumi nambili ngaphambi kokucwaninga, kufanele ume ukudla.

Masinyane ngaphambi kwenqubo, uma ukulungiswa kwengqondo kwe-gastroscopy yesisu akuzange kwenzeke umphumela oyifunayo, isiguli singacelwa ukuba siqhube isifundo ephusheni. Kulokhu, isiguli sinikezwa iphilisi yokulala. Isidakamizwa sihlala cishe ihora. Isiguli silele, futhi ngemva kokuvuka sithola ngokuphumelela kwe-gastroscopy. Imithi esetshenziswe kuleli cala iphephile, ingathathwa ngisho nesifo esinesilonda esinamandla sokufunda nsuku zonke. Ochwepheshe bathi lo mkhuba wokucwaninga "ongenalwazi" unomthelela ohlangothini. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa nokuvusa isiguli kunesimo esithile esingavinjelwe. Kule ndaba, ngosuku lokucwaninga, akukhuthazwa ukushayela noma ukubandakanya kunoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi onobungozi. Uma kwenzeka isifo sikashukela noma isithuthwane, isiguli kufanele saziswe ngalokhu kudokotela. Kumele futhi kubekwe ochwepheshe ukuthi angabekezelelani noma ukucindezeleka kunoma yimiphi imithi (ikakhulukazi, i-lidocaine noma i-novocaine), ekudleni okuthile.

Indlela ehlukile

Uma kwenzeka isiguli singavumelani ukuqhuba isifundo ngendlela yendabuko, i-gastroscopy yesisu ne-capsule inconywa. Kunoma yikuphi, isiguli kumele sigule. Kodwa i-capsule iyingcosana kakhulu kune-hose, ubude bayo buyingxenye eyodwa nesigamu centimitha. Ngaphakathi kwekhamera kufakwe, eyenzelwe umsebenzi ongaphazanyiswa amahora ayisikhombisa. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo, i-capsule ivela ngokwemvelo kusukela emzimbeni ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlunga. Lapho uqhuba ucwaningo ngendlela efanayo yokulungiselela, akudingeki ukuba okukhethekile. Isiguli simane siphume i-capsule futhi siyiphuze ngamanzi.

I-gastroscopy yesisu kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa emtholampilo noma esibhedlela. Isifundo senziwa ehhovisi elikhethekile le-FGD. Uma usebenzisa indlela yendabuko, i-gastroscopy yomzimba iyenziwa ngunchwepheshe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia. I-anesthesia yasendaweni yenza insimu ye-ring pharyngeal. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-anesthesia, imithi ithuliswa egazini elisiza ukuphumula imisipha yokugwinya. Njengomuthi wokubulala umzimba, umjovo we-novocaine noma ukwelashwa komphimbo nge-lidocaine ungasetshenziswa. Ngemuva kwe-anesthesia, isiguli sinikezwa ukuphoqa amazinyo ngomlomo okhethekile. Ngalesi divayisi, i-endoscope ifakiwe. Kule nqubo, ukuhlanza ngokwanele kungase kwenzeke. Isiguli kufanele sizolile. Kunconywa ukuphefumulela ngokujulile futhi ngokulinganayo, naphezu kokuthi inqubo ingabangela ukungathandeki. Ukuncintisana okungeke kube khona isiguli, ngokushesha isifundo sizoqhutshwa. Ngenkathi yokuxilongwa, isazi sihlola isimo sangaphakathi sesisu. Isifundo sesimiso ngaphandle kokuxhaphazwa okungeziwe sithatha cishe imizuzu emithathu.

Izici zesifundo kwengane

I-gastroscopy yesisu ingabhalwa kuphela kubantu abadala, kodwa nakwabantwana. Ngenxa yokuthi ingane iyaziphatha, njengomthetho, ihluleke kakhulu, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ububanzi be-tube optical (endoscope) kukhethwe ngokuhambisana nobudala besiguli. Kubantwana, usayizi aludluli ngokujwayelekile ngamamitha angu-6-9.

I-diagnostic isebenzisa kanjani i-capsule

Uma usebenzisa indlela ehlukile, i-capsule "iyahamba" ngemva kokugaya kwisistimu yokugaya, ukuhlola umlando ngokuningiliziwe. Kule nqubo, idatha ngesimo sezindonga zesigcawu sokugaya inyama iqoshiwe. Ngemuva kokubuka ulwazi olutholakala ekhamera, udokotela, usebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile, usetha ukuxilongwa okunembile. Kumele kuthiwa ukungaziphathi kahle ngale ndlela yokuphenya kungenakwenzeka kokwenza i-biopsy ye-mucosa.

I-gastroscopy yesisu. Ukubuyekeza

Uma uthola ukuxilongwa ngendlela yendabuko, iziguli eziningi zizwa kabi, ukuzwa okungajabulisi lapho ithini ligxiliwe. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngokukhathazeka ngokweqile nokwesaba inqubo ngokwayo. Esimweni esithulile inqubo ihlinzeka ubuncane bokuphazamiseka. Impendulo evela kwezinye iziguli ibonisa ukuba khona kwemizwa engathandeki emqaleni kweyodwa kuya kwezinsuku ezimbili emva kokuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile, inqubo ibekezelela ngokunethezeka. Inzuzo engafakaziwe yalesi sifundo yisikhathi sayo esifushane. Izazi ziphawula ukuthi kwezinye (izimo ezingavamile kakhulu), ukuphuma kwegazi kungase kwenzeke ngemuva kwenqubo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimaza odongeni lensikimba ehlolwe. Kodwa odokotela namuhla basebenzisa izentuthuko zakamuva ekuxilongweni. Kule ndaba, noma yikuphi ukulimala esiswini kusuke kungabalwa.

Izici ezengeziwe

I-gastroscopy ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuphathwa kokwelapha. Ngokuyinhloko, phakathi nenqubo, ochwepheshe ususa ukuqhuma kwe-polyps - ngokweqile okwenzeka emkhatsini we-mucosa, ezimweni eziningi ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza, uma kungasusiwe. Esikhathini sokucwaninga, kungenzeka ukuyeka ukuphuma kwezilonda zesisu, sebenzisa imithi ngokuqondile endaweni yomonakalo. Endabeni yokwenyuswa okungeziwe kwemvelo yokuvimbela noma yokuvimbela, ubude benkambiso bungakhuphuka kuya kwemizuzu eyishumi kuya kwemihlanu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi indlela ye-capsular ayivumeli ukwenza ezinye izinyathelo, ngaphandle kokuxilonga.

Ucwaningo lubiza malini?

Izindleko zenkambiso zixhomeke kumthamo wesifundo, kanye nendlela okuzokwenza ngayo isisu esiswini. Amanani aseMoscow, isibonelo, avela ku-ruble eyodwa kuya ku-40 000. Okuyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke kuyoba isifundo esijulile segciwane lonke lokugaya ngenqubo ye-capsule. Isivivinyo sokuveza ukuhlonza i-Helicobacter pilori kubhekwa njengendlela encane kakhulu. Ezindaweni, izindleko zingase zibe ngaphansi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele kuthiwe emadolobheni amakhulu imishini yesimanje kakhulu futhi izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe kakhulu zisebenza.

Isiphetho

I-gastroscopy ibhekwa njengenye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kunazo zonke ezifakwe ezinkingeni zezinyathelo zokuxilonga ukuze kutholakale izifo ezitholakala ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba bahlole njalo. Lapho ukhetha inqubo ye-gastroenterologist, umuntu akufanele azinaki imiyalelo yakhe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwamanye amazwe lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa luyimpoqo futhi luyingxenye yocwaningo olunzulu, olwenziwa minyaka yonke. EJapane, isibonelo, abantu babhalisiwe ngenqubo njengoba befisa. Ngokwezibalo, kuleli zwe nje kuphela amaphesenti amancane abantu ababhekene nomdlavuza wesisu kanye nezinye izifo zezinkinga zomzimba. Okubaluleke kakhulu lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa ekuhloleni izingane. I-gastroscopy ingathola izifo ezingeni zokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa indlela yocwaningo yendabuko, kungenzeka ukuthatha izinto eziphilayo ukuze ufunde kabanzi. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe uzofaka ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi uzokhetha ukwelashwa okungcono kwesiguli.