I-gearbox ye-Hydromechanical: isimiso sokusebenza nedivayisi

Naphezu kokuthandwa kwezimoto ezihamba ngokuzenzekelayo, ama mechanics asezingeni eliphezulu namanje ahlonishwa kakhulu phakathi kwabashayeli abaningi. Kuyathembeka ngaphezu kokudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza umshayeli uphoqeleka ukuba asebenze nge-pedal clutch. Lokhu kunikeza ezinye iziphazamiso, ikakhulukazi emotweni. Ngakho kwakukhona ukudluliselwa kwe-hydromechanical. Isimiso sokusebenza kwayo kanye nedivayisi sizocatshangelwa esihlokweni sethu sanamuhla.

Isici

Labo abashayeli abangafuni ukusebenza ne-clutch, bakhetha lokhu okudluliselwayo. I-gearbox ye-Hydromechanical yenza imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ihlanganisa i-clutch nebhokisi le-classic. I-gearshift lapha i-othomathikhi noma i-othomathikhi. Ngendlela efanayo, ibhokisi le gear ye-hydromechanical ye-loader lihlelwe. Ngesikhathi ushayela, umshayeli akahlanganyeli ne-clutch pedal. Konke okudingayo i-accelerator ne-brake.

Mayelana nokwakhiwa

Idivayisi yebhodi yebhodi ye-hydromechanical iqala ukuba khona kwe-transformer yamanzi. Lesi sici, kuye ngokuthi izici zokuklama, zingaba ezimbili,, ezintathu-ne-shaft-shaft. Manje abakhiqizi basebenzise ukudluliswa kwe-hydromechanical ngokuzenzakalelayo kweplanethi.

Indlela i-CVT isebenza ngayo

On amaloli kanye amabhasi amakhulu, ukudluliselwa multi-shaft kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Ukuze ushintshe amagiya, kusetshenziswe ama-multi-stick clutches lapha. Ngomsebenzi wabo, ukugcoba kuyadingeka. Amafutha webhobhobhodi ye-gearromechanical ihluke ngokuphawulekayo ngokuhambisana "ne-mechanics". Esikhathini esilandelayo, kunzima kakhulu. Ukuze uhlanganise isivinini sokuqala nesisemuva kuma-hydromechanics, kusetshenziselwa izimbambo zamagesi. Lo mklamo ikuvumela ukuba uthumele i-torque ngokuphumelelayo ukusuka ku-flywheel kuya kumavili.

Iplanethi

Manje lokhu kuhanjiswa kwe-hydromechanical evamile. Yasetshenziswa ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kanye nesisindo esincane. Enye inzuzo yokudlulisa amaplanethi yindlela yokuphila ende futhi ukungabi khona komsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Kodwa kunamaphuzu okushiyeka ebhokisini elinjalo. Ngenxa yezici zokuklama ukuhamba okunjalo kuyabiza kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Ibuye isebenze kahle.

Indlela Ukudluliswa Kwezombusazwe Kusebenza Ngayo

I-algorithm yayo yomsebenzi ilula kakhulu. Amagesi asetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwe-hydromechanical yeplanethi esebenzisa ukuxuba. Futhi, ukuze ubhebhezele ukushaywa uma ushintshela ophansi, ibhande elikhethekile lokubheja lisetshenziswa. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza "kwe-brake" ukuthi amandla okudlulisa i-torque ancipha. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isisindo sokushintsha sishisa kunezifanekiso.

Esikhathini senhliziyo yokudlulisa amaplanethi iyi-transformer ye-hydraulic. Lesi sici sitholakala phakathi kwenjini nebhokisi legiya. I-GDF inamalungu amaningi:

• Isondo legiya.
• Ipump.
• I-turbine.

Kubantu lesi sici sabizwa ngokuthi "i-bagel" ngenxa yesimo saso sesimo. Lapho injini isebenza, umgodi wepompo ujikeleza kanye ne-flywheel. I-lubricant ingene ngaphakathi kwepompo bese iqala ukushintshanisa i-turbine ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla we-centrifugal. Amafutha avela kuleyo nto yokugcina ayengena ku-reactor, eyenza umsebenzi wokunciphisa ukushaqeka nokushaqeka, futhi uphinde uthumele i-torque. Amafutha ajikeleza emjikelezweni ovalwe. Amandla emoto ayanda ngokujikeleza kwesondo le-turbine. I-torque esiphezulu idluliselwa lapho imoto isuka endaweni. Kulesi simo i-reactor isesimweni esimisiwe - igcinwe ukuhlanganiswa. Lapho imoto iqoqa ijubane, i-turbine nepompo iphuma. Ukuhlanganiswa kukhishwe ngaphandle futhi i-reactor ijikeleza ngejubane elikhulayo. Lapho ukuguqulwa kwesici sokugcina kunesiphezulu, i-converter ye-torque izongena esimweni sokusebenza se-clutch. Ngakho izoshintshanisa ngejubane elifana ne-flywheel.

Izici zomklamo webhodibhodi yeplanethi

I-gearbox ye-hydromechanical yeplanethi iqukethe i-shaft drive lapho leli gear elichazwe khona likhona. Futhi, kukhona ama-satellite ajikelezayo kuma-axis ahlukene. Lezi zakhi zilethwe ekuzibandakanyeni namazinyo angaphakathi ebhokisini kanye negey ring. Ukudluliswa kwe-torque kubangelwa isenzo sebhande le-brake. Iphuza phansi igoli lezingubo. Njengoba imoto ishesha, ijubane layo liyanda. I-shaft eqhutshwayo, ebona ukuhanjiswa kwe-torque evela enkosini, iyasebenza. I-GTP isungula kanjani isilinganiso senjini edingekayo ? Lesi senzo sizenzekelayo. Lapho ijubane lokujikeleza kwesondo lomoto landa, umfutho we-oyela ophuma epompo kuya kwi-turbine ukwanda. Ngakho-ke, i-torque ekugcineni iyakhula. Ngakho-ke, ijubane lesondo kanye nesivinini somshini nalo liyanda.

Mayelana nokusebenza kahle

Ngokuphathelene ne-coefficient of efficiency, yile myalelo wezinga eliphansi kune-PPC yangempela.
Inani layo eliphakeme livela ku-0.82 kuya ku-0.95. Kodwa ngesilinganiso sejubane sejini, lesi isilinganiso asidluli uphawu lwe-0.75. Lesi sibalo sanda ngomthwalo ku-converter ye-torque.

Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwebhodi lebhodi le-geromechanical

Uma usebenzisa lokhu kudluliselwa, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lamafutha. Lo mketshezi lapha usebenza. Yiwoyela osebenzisa ama-turbines ukudlulisa i-torque. Emabhokisini amakhemikhali amane agcoba ama-gear. Abakhiqiza batusa ukufaka esikhundleni samafutha emabhokisini ama-hydromechanical njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ekwakheni kweso sheke kunesihlungi sayo. Ibuye ishintshe uma lesi sikhathi sifinyelelwa. Ukusebenza ngezinga eliphansi lamafutha kusongela ukuthungela nokugudluza ukudluliselwa. Ngokuphathelene nokulungiswa, i-transformer yamanzi kagesi ngokuvamile ihluleka. Isibonakaliso sokuhluleka ukungenakwenzeka kokushintshwa kwesinye sezithunyelwa, isikhathi sokwanda "sokwenyuka" kwejubane elidingekayo. Futhi kulokhu, ukufakelwa kwamafutha okugcoba amafutha akuhlanganisiwe futhi kuhlanzwa futhi i-valol valve iyashintsha. Uma kukhona ukuvuza, kubalulekile ukuhlola i- torque yokuqinisa ye-bolts nesimo sezinto zokufaka uphawu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izinsimbi zensimbi zakhiwa esihlungi. Ivala umshini futhi izinga lokucindezela amafutha lihla. Ngemithwalo ekhuphukile, insiza yale nto yokuhlanza iyancipha. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukuwuguqula kanye ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40.

Indlela yokwandisa imithombo

Ukwandisa impilo yebhokisi le-hydromechanical, kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lamafutha. Uma enganele, ibhokisi liyashisa. Ukushisa okusebenzayo akufanele kudlule ama-90 degrees. Izimoto zanamuhla zine -sensor pressure sensor. Isibani sokulawula esibanjwe umlilo, ungayinaki. Esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kungadala ukuphazamiseka kwesiguquguquli se-torque. Futhi, ungashintshi izimpahla ngaphandle kokucindezela i-pedal. Ibhokisi lizothatha umthelela wonke, ikakhulukazi uma ushintsha kusuka kokuqala kuya ngemuva ngaphandle kokubhalwa kwangaphambili. Ekuhambeni, uma lokhu kungenhla, asikhuthazwa ukuba afake "ukungathathi hlangothi". Lokhu futhi kunciphisa kakhulu impilo ye-transformer ye-hydraulic kanye nama-couplings esebenzayo. Kulokho konke kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni yokushintsha amafutha kanye nezihlungi. Ukuphila kwenkonzo yalesi sikhangiso kungamakhilomitha angaba ngu-350 000.

Isiphetho

Ngakho, sithole ukuthi i-gearbox ye-hydromechanical iyini. Njengoba ubona, ngokulungiswa okufanele kuyoba njengokuthenjelwa njengokwenziwa kwemishini. Kulesi simo, umshayeli akudingeki ukuba acindeze ngokugcwele.