I-Herpes emehlweni: ukwelashwa, izimbangela, imithi

Kungani i-herpes ikhona eduze kweso? Izimbangela zalesi sifo zizoxoxwa ngezansi. Futhi sizoletha izimpawu ze-ophthalmoherpes kanye nemithi yokwelapha lesi sifo.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-Herpes (ejwayele ijwabu leso, lesi sifo sitholakala kakhulu) yisifo segciwane. Kubonakala ngesikhala se-vesicles (eqenjini) ngama-mucous membranes nasesikhumba.

Igama legama elikulo mbuzo livela emvelaphi yamaGreki. Ekuhunyushweni ngesiRashiya, kusho "ukuhamba ngezinyoni", noma "ukusabalalisa isifo sesikhumba ngokushesha".

Incazelo yesifo

I-Herpes virus empilweni ayibonakali kaningi njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ezindebeni, emcimbini wezinyosi noma ngezocansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kwezingxenye zomzimba ezifakwe ohlwini, igciwane le-herpes lingathinta uhlelo oluyisisekelo senzwa, okuzoholela ekuthuthukiseni i-meningitis ne-encephalitis. Izitho zangaphakathi zithinteka yilesi sifo.

Izinhlobo zamagciwane

I-Herpes, ngaphansi kweso, yavuka, ibhekisela kuhlobo lokuqala. Futhi, i-herpes simplex virus ingathinta izindebe, impumulo nezinye izindawo zesikhumba.

Uhlobo lwesibili lwalezi zifo zobulili zesifo luyakuthinteka.

Futhihlukanisa i-varicella-zoster virus (izinhlobo ezintathu). Ama-shingles avela emzimbeni womuntu. Ngokuqondene nokugula kwengane njengenkukhu, kubonakala kuwo wonke umzimba.

Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr lingehlobo lwesine. Idala isifo esinjalo esithathelwanayo njenge-mononucleosis.

I-Cytomegalovirus yisifo sohlobo lwesihlanu.

Izimbangela

Kungani i-herpes ebusweni ikhona (ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuzonikezwa ngezansi)? Kukhona izingxabano eziningi kule score. Akunakwenzeka ukubiza noma yikuphi isizathu esisodwa sokwehlukana okunjalo okubi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-herpes ingenzeka ngenxa yezici eziningi ezahlukene.

Ochwepheshe bathi igciwane elibuzwayo likhona emzimbeni wabo bonke abantu. Futhi isikhathi saso, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somuntu silwisana nalesi sifo. Igciwane eliwile ekhanda lomsindo lisiyinto engavamile kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izitho ezibukwayo zikwazi ukukhiqiza ngokuzimela i-interferon, okungukuthi, amaprotheni afihlwe ngamangqamuzana omzimba ngokuphendula ukungena kwamagciwane okulimazayo.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izicubu zeso zivikelwe yi-immunoglobulins okuthiwa, equkethe uketshezi olubizayo. I-Herpes emehlweni, izimpawu zazo ezizochazwa ngezansi, zingase zingabonakali isikhathi eside futhi "ukulala" emagqumeni omzimba.

Uma ngesizathu esithile isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somzimba sishintsha kakhulu, khona-ke i-herpes virus iqala ukuqinisa nokuzibonakalisa ngokwayo nge-ophthalmoherpes.

Ngakho-ke, kungacaciswa ngokucophelela ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko nesisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo sinciphise umkhuhlane. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu ngenhla, umbuzo uvela ngokuthi kungani isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sabantu sinikeza ukuhluleka okunjalo? Odokotela bathi ukunciphisa ukuvikelwa komzimba kwenzeka ngokuphendula izimo ezilandelayo:

• Izifo ezithathelwanayo;
• I-Supercooling;
• Ukucindezeleka;
• Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside elangeni;
• Ukuthola iso elimele;
• Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithile (isb., Izifo zokuzivikela noma izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic);
• Isikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Uma enye yalezi zinto ibangela ukwehla kokuzivikela, i-herpes virus ihlale ivukile "ivuka" kuze kube manje, bese iphuma ingena phezulu kwesikhumba noma i-mucosa ngendlela yama-vesicle eqoqweni.

Kumele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi lokhu okuhlukile kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kubizwa ngokuthi kungapheli. Kukhona futhi indlela exogene. Kuye, ukutheleleka kubonakala ngokuqondile nge-vesicles ye-herpetic. Njengoba uyazi, ziqukethe uketshezi, okuyinto ekugxilweni okukhulu kuhlanganisa amagciwane. Uma usesikhumbeni noma ulwelwesi lwamaqabunga lwamehlo, kukhona ukutheleleka okusheshayo.

Le ndlela ijwayele kakhulu izingane ezincane ezixhumana njalo.

Izimpawu zesifo

I-herpes ibonakala kanjani? Izimpawu zalesi sifo kunzima kakhulu ukungazi. Nakuba kwezinye izimo kudidekile nge-allergies noma isifo esivela empilweni yebhaktheriya (isibonelo, conjunctivitis, blepharitis noma keratitis ye-bacterial keratitis).

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izimo ze-pathological ohlwini, noma kunjalo, njenge-ophthalmoherpes, zihambisana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukubomvu kwejwabu leso neso;
• I-Photophobia;
• Ukukhathazeka;
• Ukuphulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nokuphazamiseka;
• Ukwehlukanisa.

Umuntu akanakusiza ukusho ukuthi izimpawu zendawo zengculaza zingase zenziwe ngokujwayelekile, kufaka phakathi ikhanda, ukwanda kwe-lymph nodes, i-nausea ne-fever.

Izimpawu ezicacile

Ngakho-ke, ungayibona kanjani i-herpes esweni, okwelashwa okufanele kwenziwe kuphela udokotela onolwazi? Lesi sifo sinempawu ezithile. Zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• Ukubamba okungenakubekezeleka nokushisa kwesikhumba kumajwabu amehlo, kanye naseduze kwamehlo;
• Ukuba khona kwezibungu kugcwele uketshezi, okuqhuma nesilonda.

Amafomu we-ophthalmoherpes

Isifo esicatshangelwayo sibonakala ngenani elikhulu lemibonakaliso. Kulokhu, izimpawu zokubuyela emuva zingase zihluke kakhulu.

Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-herpes ochungechunge (kuye ngokuthi umonakalo wezicubu zezitho ezibukwayo):

• I-conjunctivitis ye-Herpetic. Ngalesi sifo, i-conjunctiva iyathinteka, okungukuthi, ifilimu encane ye-epithelium ehlanganisa ingxenye yangaphakathi yamajwabu amehlo ne- eyeball. Njengomthetho, lokhu kunqoba kuhambisana nokubomvu kweso lonke.
• Keratitis. Lesi sifo, esibonakala ukunqotshwa kwe-cornea, ebonakala i-viral vesicles.
• Blephar-conjunctivitis. Ngokungafani ne-conjunctivitis ye-herpetic, inqubo yokuvuvukala iyongezwa kulesi sifo sokuhlangana, kanye nokubunjwa kwama-vesicles kumajwabu amehlo kanye nomugqa wokukhula kwe-eyelash. Ama-Rashes angase avele ngisho nasendlini yangaphakathi yamajwabu amehlo. Ngokuvamile, kukhona ukukhala okunamandla, kanye nobuhlungu obunzima emehlweni.
• I-Keratoiidocyclitis i-inflammation ye-cornea, ehambisana nesilonda sezitsha esithombeni esibukwayo. Leli fomu lesifo yilona elidlula zonke. Kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha. Kulesi simo i-keratoiridocyclitis iphindaphindiwe kaningi.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo

Indlela yokwelapha i-herpes esweni? Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kufanele ukhethe i-ophthalmologist. Nokho, okokuqala isifo kufanele sitholwe kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu zesimo esinjalo se-pathological ngokuvamile zididekile ngezibonakaliso zezinye izinto ezingavamile.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-herpes ye-ocular iyatholakala yini, isiguli kufanele sixoxe nesifo se-ophthalmologist. Udokotela ubophezelekile ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwesiguli esebenzisa isibani esitsheni. Ukutadisha okunjalo kwenza kube lula ukubona izilonda nezinye izilonda ze-corneal, kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezenzweni zamehlo.

Futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimilayo, ukukhishwa kwamaseli avela esikhumbeni esithintekile noma ku-mucosa kwenziwa. Kamuva kufundiswa nge-microscope ye-luminescent.

Enye indlela yokuthola lesi sifo esibuzwayo yi- enzyme immunoassay. Ivumela ukuthola ukuthi kukhona ama-antibodies egazini kubantu.

Zonke izindlela ezihlongozwayo zokuxilongwa zisetshenziselwa kuphela lapho izitsha kanye ne-cornea yeso zithintekile. Ngokuqondene ne-lesion ye-herpetic ye-membrane yamangqamuzana yezitho ezibukwayo kanye nesikhumba samajwabu amehlo, ibonakala ngaphandle kokuhlolwa.

I-Herpes emahlombe amajwabu amehlo kubonakala nge-rashes (ngokuvamile kaningi) ngendlela yama-bubbles amancane agcwele i-lymph, okungukuthi, i-fluid ekugcineni iba yi-turbid. Ama-blister anjalo ayabuhlungu kakhulu futhi aphikisayo. Uma uhlanganisa ukuqhuma, basakazeka nakakhulu.

Ophthalmoherpes: ukwelashwa

Kufanele ngiphathe kanjani i-herpes ocular? Ngokusho kochwepheshe, uhlobo lwezokwelapha zesifo esinjalo luxhomeke kufomu lalo. Uma igciwane selifake izicubu kuphela, khona-ke izidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izinzwa ezingathandeki ezithombeni ezibukwayo, kanye nokucindezela umsebenzi we-herpes.

Emakethe yezokwelapha, kunezinhlobo ezine zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okunzima kwama-ophthalmoherpes. Zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• Ama-immunomodulating agents;
• I-antiviral (isibonelo, "i-Zovirax-ointment");
• Izimpawu zokuzivikela ezikhethekile (isibonelo, umuthi wokugoma we-herpes);
• Izindlela zokubonisa, kufaka phakathi ama-decongestants, ama-painkillers, amavithamini, njll.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi igciwane lithinta izicubu ezijulile zeso, isiguli siphathwa ngendlela efanele. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zokusebenza, njenge-coagulation, i-keratoplasty nezinye, zivumela ukufaka indawo noma ukususa izindawo ezithintekile.

Imithi yama-anti-virus

Indlela yokuqeda i-herpes esweni? Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuvame ukuqhutshwa ama- antiviral agents. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinhlobo ezikhethekile zezidakamizwa ezingenakukwazi ukucasula i-membrane ye-mucous yezitho ezibukwayo.

Ukuze ugweme umsebenzi owedlulele wegciwane le-herpes, odokotela batusa ukusetshenziswa kwamaconsi eso namafutha. Futhi, ukuze kutholakale ukuhleleka kwesistimu, iziguli zivame ukushiwo amajova we-antiviral namaphilisi.

Imiphi imithi ephumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni i-ophthalmoherpes? Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

• I-Acyclovir. Uma iso lithintekile, imithi ephathelene nayo isetshenziswe ngendlela yamathebulethi omlomo, kanye nesimo samagcoba esendaweni.
• "Valaciclovir." Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-herpes ye-ocular, le mithi isetshenziswa ngendlela yamathebulethi.
• "I-Zoviraks" i-ophthalmic amafutha, okusebenza kahle ngokumelene namagciwane e-herpes simplex. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, into esebenzayo yokulungiselela isheshe ilandwe yiso ne-epithelium ye-cornea. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuxilongwa kwezidakamizwa kubumbwe emzimbeni we-intraocular, okudingekayo ekuqedeni igciwane.
• "I-Oftan-IMU", "Idoksuridin" - lezo zimali zenzelwe ukwelashwa kwe-ophthalmoherpes. Bakhululwa ngendlela yama-droplets, aqukethe i-analogue ye-thymine. Imithi ebuzwayo ayivumeli igciwane ukuba lande, futhi liyehlise umsebenzi walo. Ukuze usebenze kahle, amaconsi kufanele agciniwe njalo ngehora. Nokho, ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kungabangela umonakalo ku-cornea.
• "I-Trifluorothymidine" yi-drop efana ne "Oftan-IMU". Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi banomthelela ophansi kakhulu.
• "I-Ryodoksol", "Tebrofen", "Bonaphoton" - zonke lezi amalungiselelo zinamafutha okugcoba. Zingasetshenziswa esikhumbeni samajwabu amehlo, kanye nokubeka amehlo ngaphakathi.
• "I-Vidarabine" i-gel ephumelelayo ngokumelene ne-ophthalmoherpes. Isetshenziswe ku-conjunctiva izikhathi 5 ngosuku.

I-Eye yehla "Ophthalmoferon": imfundo

Yimuphi umuthi we-antiviral osebenza ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu nge-herpes ochungechunge? Ochwepheshe bathi bangamaconsi "Ophthalmoferon". Intengo yabo ingama-ruble angu-300, ngakho cishe wonke umuntu angathola ithuluzi elinjalo.

Lesi sidakamizwa sine-diphenhydramine ne-interferon alfa-2a. Itholakala ngamabhodlela we-polymers-droppers, afakwa emaphaketheni ekhadibhodi.

I-antiviral yehla kusukela ekulileni "i-Ophthalmoferon" inezenzo eziningi. Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo eziphikisayo, umuthi onjalo ubonisa ukuzivivinya umzimba, i-antimicrobial, i-anesthetic yendawo kanye nemiphumela yokuvuselela.

Ngimiphi imibono imithi enikezwe iziguli? Ngokomyalelo, isetshenziswa lapho:

• I-adenoviral, i- keratitis ye-herpetic ;
• I-hemorrhagic, i-adenoviral kanye ne-conjunctivitis ye-herpetic;
• I-keratitis ephahlazekayo engenamandla ngaphandle kwesilonda nesilonda se-cornea;
• I-uvepe ye-Herpetic;
• Keratoconjunctivitis ye-Herpevirus kanye ne-adenoviral;
• I-keratouveitis ye-Herpetic (ngaphandle nangesilonda).

Ngokuqondene nokuphikisana, lokhu kusho ukuthi basuke bengekho. Sebenzisa la matonsi akunakwenzeka kuphela ngokubekezelelana ngabanye izingxenye zabo.

Kufanele ngifake kanjani i-Ophthalmoferon? Umthamo walesi sifo se-topical kufanele uthathwe yi-ophthalmologist. Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi, kufakwa kweso elithintekayo nge-1-2 amathonsi kuze kufike izikhathi ezingu-7-8 ngosuku. Uma inqubo yokuvuvukala iqala ukumisa, inani lokuthungula liyancipha libe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku.

Inkambo yokwelashwa nalesi sidakamizwa inqunywa udokotela. Njengomthetho, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kuqhutshwa kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zesifo ziphela ngokuphelele.

Ukuvimbela ama-herpes omzimba

Iqoqo eliyinhloko lezenzo zokuvimbela ama-ophthalmoherpes kufanele lihloswe ekuphazamiseni imizila yokudlulisela igciwane. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele anqabe oxhumana naye osondelene naye, ungasebenzisi izitsha ezifanayo, amathawula nama-cosmetics naye, futhi ugcine ngokucophelela imithetho yokuhlanzeka ebusweni bezinye izinhlobo ze-herpes.

Ngokuqondene nabesifazane abakhulelwe abanegciwane le-herpes, baqondiswa ukwelashwa okhethekile, bese bechitha ukucubungula okujulile kwe-canal yokuzalwa ukuze bagweme ukutheleleka kwengane njengoba idlula kubo.

Uma i-herpes ivela kaningi, bese ugoma ngesisombululo esikhethekile sokulwa nesisu. Futhi, isiguli sinikezwa ukuzivikela ngokudinga izidakamizwa ngaphansi kokuqapha okuqaphile kwezokwelapha.

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa okukhona kwegciwane, iziguli ezingase zibe khona kufanele zilungise njalo ukudla kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sebandayo kudingeka badle amalungiselelo amaningi. Isiguli sigcizelelwa ukuzivocavoca nezinqubo ezilukhuni, okuzokwandisa umkhuhlane, ngakho-ke kungavimbela ukubonakala kwemifantu.