I ka Mariana Trench ukujula

Ngoba bonke abantu nhlobo bekulokhu nesithakazelo esikhulu. Futhi ekujuleni kolwandle ukugcina izimfihlo eziningi kangaka ukuthi ezingaphezu kweyodwa isizukulwane ososayensi bazonikezwa umsebenzi.

Kodwa kukhona ezinye amaphuzu kumephu ezingenziwanga nje embozwe umgubuzelo ekusithekeni, futhi isihloko yezinganekwane ezingaqondakali.

Omunye indawo enjalo - Mariana wokuxovela noma kudoti - simele isici ejwayelekile impumuzo-ocean yezwekazi inguqulelo esishintshashintshayo. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, kukhona nokwehlisa ekujuleni kolwandle, efomini okuyinto eside, esigodini emincane. Imisele ejulile kukhona Pacific.

Mariana Islands wanikezwa igama omunye ezijulile-ocean imisele ubude emibili nengxenye ayizinkulungwane amakhilomitha. It ahluke phansi flat ububanzi okuyinto 1-5 amakhilomitha, ezimise-V emaweni emaceleni. I ka Mariana Trench ukujula esiphezulu imayelana 11 amakhilomitha. Nanti iphuzu ejulile zonke izilwandle. Kuyinto kunalokho Kunegebe noma kwalasha kuka ukucindezeleka.

Yini enye esiyaziyo lo muntu endaweni engaqondakali? Ukutadisha Mariana Trench kwaqala ekhulwini le-19, lapho umkhumbi "Challenger" namalungu bomkhankaso IsiZulu samuka ebhodini ukuze afeze yizilinganiso ekujuleni the Pacific. Endaweni kudoti iyona lasendulo iningi ezinzulwini zolwandle emhlabeni. Lokhu kuwachaza kahle ka Mariana Trench ukujula. Ngo-1960, i-bathyscaphe "Trieste" kuya abacwaningi ababili ebhodini waphonseka ingxenye kwangempela umcengezi - Challenger Deep. Lokhu dive kwaba uhambo ezinzulwini imfihlo kolwandle, njengoba isimo sezwe wokuxovela kwaqondwa ngokuphelele. Ubungozi waba mkhulu. Igalelo lakhe ekutadisheni lolu daba ukwenze umqondisi wamabhayisikobho Hollywood Dzheyms Kemeron, ngubani njengoba indoda ingeyesithathu emhlabeni, banqoba Mariana Trench, baqhuba izifundo futhi uthole ulwazi oluningi olusha olubalulekile.

Izakhamuzi Mariana Trench zidinga ingxoxo ehlukile. Emuva ngo-1958, uhambo ososayensi Soviet kwafakazela ukuphila ekujuleni kwamamitha eziyizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa. Ngaphambi kwalokhu kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukhona kusaba amawaka, anamakhulu mathandathu. By endleleni, lo mkhankaso wathola ukuthi we Mariana Trench ukujula obuyisilinganiselo ayizinkulungwane nanye amabili amabili amamitha. Kepha izinto eziphilayo, esifundweni sawo esiqhutshwa izimoto zangaphansi kwamanzi ezithuthukile, esakhiwe ngezinto ngaphandle amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu ngesikhathi ukujula bona okuzoqondiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Amakhamera, okuye ifakwe kulezi amadivaysi, eziphilayo fixed (amakoloni lonke) ngezansi uphawu kwamamitha eziyizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa. Ngayiphi izimo bahlala ezinhlanu-foot izimpethu, izidalwa abangaziwa amamitha amabili eside othambile, ingwane soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka, inkanyezi kolwandle? Phelele cime, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya ulwelwe ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi futhi eyesabekayo ingcindezi hydrostatic. Ezimweni ezinjalo, zonke izinto eziphilayo zihlukaniswa ukubukwa amangalisayo ngempela, futhi zidla ikakhulukazi amagciwane.

Mariana umcengezi endaweni, lapho iphutha zomhlaba, lapho Pacific ipuleti izimisele futhi kancane kwesokunxele ngaphansi Philippine. Kodwa okuningi ingcindezi eyodwa ipuleti zomhlaba ukuba omunye alikho, ososayensi ayeqiniseka ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kule ndawo engenakwenzeka. Kodwa manje ithemba is kakhulu ziyancipha. Lona iphutha lokuzamazama komhlaba ezimbili ezenzeka esiqhingini yeSumatra, futhi eJapane ngo-2004 no-2011.

I ka Mariana Trench ezitolo ukujula ofuna ukuphumela obala ukuthi oceanographers, ososayensi ngeke iminyaka eminingi ukuzama ekususeni umgubuzelo ekusithekeni phezu le ngxenye ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean ukuze. Lokhu waphinda ukuqinisekisile umqondisi Hollywood, obesanda waba umcwaningi. Bephonsa a amakhilomitha nanye ukujula, yathatha eziningi izinto ezithakazelisayo.