I-Symmetry ezakhiweni

Yini ehlanganisa i-pagoda yamaShayina ne- Sydney Opera House? Astrodome Houston nge- Pantheon enkulu eRoma? I-Parthenon yesiGreki, idolobha elingavunyelwe eChina, i-Angkor Wat eCambodia, amathempeli namapiramidi emiphakathi ye-pre-Columbian? Mhlawumbe izinhlobo? Impendulo enembile kakhulu "i-symmetry." Ngayinye yalezi zibonelo, naphezu kokungafani kwesikhashana namasiko, ihambisana nayo.

I-Symmetry ekwakhiweni empeleni isho "umqondo owodwa."

Izinjongo ezicacile zokwakha .

Ekuphileni komuntu, ukubonakala okubonakalayo kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi kubonakala ngokuphelele ekuklanyeni. Izakhiwo ezinkulu zazilokhu zenza umqondo, ngisho noma kwakukhona ukuthambekela okunjengokuthi "ukwesabisa" umbukeli. I-Symmetry ekwakheni isici esingenakugwemeka somqondo wokufeza imigomo efanayo.

I-Architecture ihluke ngokuphelele kwezinye izinhlobo zobuciko ngenxa yemvelo yayo. Umgomo weqiniso womklami ukuhlela isikhala, esizoba yindawo yokudlala yaseshashalazini.

Ukulinganisa okubuciko nobuciko bokuhlobisa kubusa kulo lonke umlando. Imibono yokulinganisa iyasebenza ekwakhiweni kwezinto zonke izinhlobo nobukhulu. Kodwa ekudwebeni (ngokubunjwa kokubili), kulula, ukuhlonza izinhlobo zokulinganisa ezintweni ezintathu eziyinkimbinkimbi kunzima kakhulu, ngoba umbono wethu wezinto ushintsha uma sibukeka kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Endabeni yokwakhiwa, asigcini nje kuphela ngokungahambisani nento kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, kodwa futhi sihambe ngayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izakhiwo zinikeza ithuba eliyingqayizivele hhayi nje kuphela ukubona ukulinganisa, kepha "ukulihlola" ngenxa yokuthi liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: "ukungabi nalutho" kanye "nobunzima".

Izitayela zokwakha zihlukanisa imininingwane. Ithempeli lesiGreki lilula ukubona ngama porticos kanye nemigqomo. Ithempeli laseGothic libhekwa ngama-arches aqoshiwe kanye nezintambo. Lezi zakhi zihlanganisa igobolondo elithi "kanzima" lokwakha. Isikhala esingenasici noma isikhala esakhiwe esizibonayo, sidlula esakhiweni.

Izinhlobo zokulinganisa

Zingaki izitayela zokwakha ezikhona, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokulinganisa.

Ngokuvamile, zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: amaqembu amaphuzu namaqembu ezendawo. Amaqembu okukhomba abhekene nobukhulu bawo okungenani uphawu olulodwa olubalulekile. Amaqembu asendaweni akanalo uphawu olucacile.

Ukulinganisa okubambisanayo ekuklanyeni kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ezitholakala kuzo zonke amasiko nakuzo zonke izikhathi. Kulo, izingxenye ezimbili zokwakheka zibukwa ngumbono (isibonelo yisiqephu sePantheon eRoma). Kungaba khona kuphela ngesilinganiso sesakhiwo esisodwa, kodwa futhi nasendaweni yasemadolobheni: inqubo enjalo ingatholakala ekwakhiweni kwePrasá do Comercio (Trade Square) eLisbon (isiteji esikhulu sedolobha, isango elimangalisayo, isitala esincane esikhulu esingaphandle kwesango lilinganiselwe kakhulu I-axis enezingqimba elawula ukubuka okubukwayo).

Ama-symmetry ejikelezayo futhi ekhombisa ukudala umqondo wokunyakaza kanye nesigqi, ukugxilisa iphuzu eliyinhloko lendawo yokuklama.

Ukulinganisa kwe-cylindrical ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo kungatholakala ikakhulukazi emibhoshongweni nakumakholomu.

Ukulinganisa kwe-Chiral, mhlawumbe engaziwa kancane, kepha ngokuvamile futhi kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo.

Ukuqhathaniswa kokufanisana manje sekuheha kakhulu futhi kuyaziwa, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuhlonza ama-fractals. Ukulinganisa ngokomoya noma kwe-helical ekwakhiweni kwendawo kungabhekwa njengento ekhethekile yokulinganisa okufanayo.

Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kungena eqenjini lendawo, futhi emva kokulinganisa kwamabili amabili kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokulinganisa kwezakhiwo.

Konke lokho, ezakhiweni eziningi kukhona okungaphezu kweyodwa uhlobo lokulinganisa. Isibonelo, i-pagoda yamaShayina, lapho kune-cylindrical, ne-symmetry of similarity.

Isikhala sokwakha

Manje yini ephathelene nendawo yokwakha. Imiqondo emibili iyinhloko ekuchazeni "ukungabi nalutho": isikhungo nendlela. Emklamo wokwakha, isikhungo siqondwa njengephuzu, futhi indlela iyisixhumi. Isikhungo sixhunywe endaweni eyodwa ebalulekile ngaphakathi kwesikhala esikhulu sokwakha, isibonelo, i-altare esontweni. Indlela (i-axis) ukuhamba kombukeli ngesikhala.

Imikhakha ye-symmetry yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokuveza umklamo wokwakha. Umlando oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-1500 womklamo ubonisa ukuthi isikhala sezakhiwo sashintshe ngaphezu kwamakhulu eminyaka ngokugxila okuyinhloko kokulinganisa. ERoma lasendulo, i-axial eqondile yokulinganisa ekwakhiweni kwakha izakhiwo eziphakeme, ezikhona, ezibonisa umuzwa wokulinganisela, kunokuba ziguquguquke.