I umbadlana (wesifunda). Idivayisi futhi ukuqokwa umbadlana

I-computer has izingxenye eziningi. Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho akunakwenzeka ukwethula umsebenzi wakhe, iyona umbadlana. Isifunda zale divayisi luyindida kakhulu, wona uqobo kuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana. Lokho kuhlanganisa?

Uyini umbadlana

Libhekisela idivayisi okuyinto isisekelo lokwakha isimiso sama-computer ubuciko. Egibele i umbadlana ngaphakathi icala kanye nokupholisa isimiso sakhe futhi ugesi. Ukuze uhlukanise amazinga ukusetshenziswa ezahlukene ukuthi ukunquma ubukhulu apharathasi, layo yasibamba indawo, obeka uvo / okukhipha nezimbobo futhi ibhasi Slots (CPU kanye RAM). Isifunda we umbadlana ngaphansi Article kuyoba A ezingacacile kancane kancane. Futhi sizoqala ngezinkolelo eziyisisekelo.

PCB

Okukuwo isignali imigqa ukuthi ukuxhuma zonke izakhi ndawonye. Uma ezibekwe eduze kakhulu, umsindo lizokhiqizwa izimpawu. Kukhula ubude line yayo ukuthumela idatha Kwenziwa, ayanda kuyoba ezingeni ukungazinzi. Ngakho-ke, angehluleka ngisho computer ebiza kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa. Ukunciphisa lo mphumela, dala multi-ungqimba ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi, kanti kaningi okwandisa endaweni yayo ewusizo futhi ibanga phakathi kwemigqa. Ngo amadivayisi yesimanje elisetshenziswe kaningi izingqimba eziyisithupha: amathathu ayizinsuku isignali, omunye phansi futhi ezimbili okuphakelayo. Isifunda amabhodi ephrintiwe ezibekwe zonke izakhi ezenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile computer. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izingxenye nezimbobo. Icebo ukuxhumana umbadlana likhomba kithi ukuthi sizokwazi ukuthi ujoyine esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho, amadivayisi yesimanje isigamu nezixhumi kweshumi for ezihlukahlukene Amadivayisi engafani naleyo ezocatshangelwa ngaphansi Article. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iningi motherboards Onjiniyela siqotho isicelo abasebenzisi imikhiqizo yayo ukuthuthukisa ke ngokungeza izingxenye ezintsha (ezifana inkumbulo).

chipset

Futhi-ke ngokuthi iqoqo uhlelo enengqondo. Ngakho ngokuthi chips, okuyinto uma buhlanganiswa bunikeze ukusebenza elingenazinkinga we-RAM, CPU, abalawuli neuropathy, ihluzo amakhadi kanye nezinye izingxenye ukuthi uxhumeke kwi-motherboard. Siyabonga kubo, ichaze nemingcele eziyisisekelo ukuthi ungumnikazi kule divayisi. chipsets Modern, njengoba umthetho, zisekelwe izingxenye ezimbili. Ngamunye wabo kuyinto chipset ehlukile. Kodwa axhunyiwe ngumuntu ibhasi ngesivinini. Kodwa wesifunda umbadlana enokuthambekela kangangokuthi kancane kancane nindawonye. Nale athula kwenzeka imigudu yokuxhumana nezinye izithasiselo ehlukahlukene okuphathelene nomngcele. Futhi, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe ukuhlanganiswa izikimu maningi encane, eshibhile futhi yehlise amandla ukusetshenziswa ngazo.

Northbridge

Yena lengamela waseqondisa imininingwane abayithole ngokuthengisa amathayi ezine:

1. System.
2. Iphathelene inkumbulo.
3. Baxhumana ikhadi ihluzo.
4. Iphathelene kwebhuloho eningizimu.

Le divayisi siqukethe isilawuli inkumbulo futhi eziningi interface. Nakuba umsebenzi wokuqala angabhekwa akusebenzi ngenxa yokuthi kudivayisi efanayo itholakala kuwo wonke amakhompyutha yesimanje. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana esibonakalayo, okuyinto unomthwalo ihluzo.

South kwebhuloho

Lokhu kubuye kuyingxenye ebalulekile okuyinto cishe kunoma iyiphi umbadlana. Idivayisi wesifunda kuleli cala likhulu kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, sifaka amathayi ezifana:

1. Kungumthwalo ukuxhumana kwebhuloho enyakatho.
2. Ixhuma kwebhuloho ukwanda amakhadi.
3. Lubhekele ukushintshanisa kwe-data namanye amakhompyutha noma okuphathelene nomngcele.
4. Ukwenza ukuxhumana nama-hard drive.
5. Operating ukushintshanisa kwe-data namadivayisi kancane.

A eyisisekelo okokufaka / uhlelo okukhipha (BIOS)

BIOS - isimiso esikhethekile ukuthi Ithungelwe e yokufunda inkumbulo kuphela (ROM). BIOS likhona umbadlana nezinye izingxenye computer (ihluzo amakhadi, abalawuli, nokunye). Sicabanga inguqulo ye ukubaluleka ngenxa yokuthi lapho ikhompyutha kuqala, ihlola iningi amadivayisi axhunywe kuwo (inkumbulo, disk kanzima, CPU, njll). Khona-ke BIOS initializes isilawuli lowo umbadlana. Isifunda ibekwe esihlokweni ke kusenza siqonde ukuthi nabo futhi ukusebenzisa amanye amadivayisi futhi usemkhankasweni wokusungula baselines yabo. Uma konke usebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga, yokudluliswa BIOS ukulawula ohlelweni lokusebenza.

Generator iwashi

Le divayisi kuyadingeka ukuze kwakhiwe isiginali gqwa esitebeleni kakhulu, okuyinto synchronizes ekusebenzeni izakhi ikhompyutha. Siqukethe generator iwashi futhi a elalinembobo asebenza ngebhethri. Kugcine ngokwayo ungakha amasignali. Kodwa ngeke kutholakale nge imvamisa esidingeka ukusebenza yesimanje inkumbulo ibhasi CPU. Ngakho-ke i-okhulisa futhi iwashi esetshenziswa. Imvamisa ishayela kakhulu kuthinta ijubane lapho kathisha ngeke kwenziwe. Ngakho, kunoma imuphi umsebenzi edingekayo inombolo ethile imijikelezo. Ngenxa yalokho, okuningi kubo ngomzuzwana, ngcono ukusebenza. Kodwa le nkulumo iyiqiniso kuphela kumadivayisi ukuthi babe microarchitecture efanayo. izinga iwashi zingandiswa, ukuze kuzokhulisa ukusebenza computer. Kodwa kukhona nebubi. Ngakho, wehlise ukuzinza yezingxenye yama-computer, futhi emuva kokuhlinzwa ezinjalo njalo kunesidingo ukuhlola operability. Enye kusimo - ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene seyonakele ngenxa yezimo yokusebenza esindayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo ukulimala kuyokhula.

Okunye izakhi ezithinta umbadlana

Isikimu zedivayisi kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi izingxenye ebhalwe ngenhla ngokusekelwe eBhayibhelini - akusiwona wonke. Kuyini khona ngaphezu kwalokho? Kubalulekile, futhi inani elikhulu capacitors, umsebenzi kabani main - ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza abushelelezi voltage. Ziyakwazi kudingekile ngenxa yokuthi ezingeni energy ukusetshenziswa angase zashintsha isigubhukane (kwenzekani uma uyeka ukusebenza, noma sokuvuselela yayo). Capacitors ukulolonga voltage iyehla iyenyuka. Lokhu kwandisa ukuzinza ubuchwepheshe, kanye ukunweba ukuphila lwazo zonke izinto ezisebusweni ikhompyutha.

Isibonelo ukhonkolo

Ake sibone ukuthi kuyinto umdwebo we umbadlana Asus. Njengoba ubona esithombeni libonisa ngokucacile isilawuli enkulu elazisa ezibanzi izenzo. Yebo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi wesifunda computer umbadlana laptop kuyoba ukuhluka. Ngakho, ezindaweni ezimbalwa zokuqala, yingakho konke kumele ibekwe njengoba inqwaba. Yiqiniso, i-computer akuyona indawo zikanokusho, kodwa kukhona inkinga hhayi njengoba sibi. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, udinga idayagramu wiring we umbadlana Asus nekhompyutha ezingafanele. Qhathanisa indlela nalokho ibekwe. Notebook elungiselelwe konke, njalo isikhala ibala. Nakuba amakhompyutha, sibonga iyunithi uhlelo, lapho isikhala esengeziwe it is hhayi ikakhulukazi ecabanga.

isiphetho

Awu, manje, ngicabanga ukuthi unalo ulwazi ezinhle yini le divayisi. Saze Asus umbadlana sikhwama kubhekwe. Awu uqedela isithombe yiSigaba imidwebo.