Ifa ilungelo

Ilungelo lokuthola ifa, noma lihamba noma lingashukunyiswa, liza lapho isakhamuzi sefa. Ngokuhambisana nomthetho wamanje, ilungelo lokusungula nokuqhuba icala lefa ligunyazwe kuphela ngumuntu, okuyi-notaries zomphakathi.

Njengamanje, umthetho uveza izinhlobo ezimbili zefa: ngomthetho nangenhloso. Lapho umuntu efa, izindlalifa zakhe zinelungelo elingokomthetho lokufaka isicelo ehhovisi lika-notary elisendaweni yokugcina yomuntu oshonile.

Icala le-Hereditary

Ilungelo lokuzuza ifa ngokwemigomo yombhalo kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kwefa ngaphansi komthetho, ngoba intando yakhe ithatha intando yokugcina yomuntu oshonile, ngakho-ke uma ufaka isicelo kunothiyori, into yokuqala okumele uyihloke ukukhona / ukungabikho kwentando yomuntu oshonile. Uma kusezandleni zendlalifa, kumele kulethwe nawe.

Indlalifa ngaphansi kwentando ingaba yimuphi umuntu (kokubili ngokomzimba nangokomthetho), futhi ukuhleleka kwabo kulokhu akusho lutho. Imingcele kuphela yokuthanda komuntu oshonile kuyisabelo esiyimpoqo. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwe-Civil Code, abantu abalandelayo banelungelo lokuthola ukwabelana okudingekayo: umfazi okhutshazekile nabazali bomuntu oshonile oye wafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala bomhlalaphansi kanye / noma ukukhubazeka kweqembu lokuqala noma lesibili, kanye nezingane ezincane zomuntu oshonile. Isamba sokwabelana okugunyazayo angeke sibe ngaphansi kwe-1/2 yefa, leyo ndlalikazi engayithola uma ifa lenziwe ngumthetho.

Ngakho-ke, uma oshonile enesifiso sezingane ezimbili, futhi kukhona umfazi oye wafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala, unelungelo lokuthola isabelo esiyimpoqo yefa engenani le-1/6 yengxenye (ifa lempahla, isibonelo). Isabelo esibophezelayo siyisimiso esilahlekile, futhi kusukela kwesokudla ukuthola umlandeli wayo angenqaba.

Uma kungekho intando, ilungelo lefa liza ngomthetho. Kulesi simo, umbuthano wezindlalifa unqunywa kuye ngokuthi umyalelo.

Iindlalifa zesigaba sokuqala yizo oshade naye, izingane kanye nabazali bomuntu oshonile, uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthi ifa lidlulela ezindlini zefa elilandelayo - kubazalwane nodade, kanye nakakhulu nabakhulu. Ngokuphelele lo mthetho unikezela izintathu ezintathu zabahluleli, futhi uchaza izihlobo ezisele kuleli qembu "izindlalifa zemigqa elandelayo."

Futhi, amacala lapho izindlalifa kuphela okukhona khona ilungelo lokumelela akuyona into engavamile ekusebenzeni . Ilungelo lefa kuleli cala livela ekufeni kwezindlalifa ezivela emigqeni emithathu yokuqala kuze kube sekufeni kwe-testator oyinhloko noma ngosuku lokufa kwakhe. Isabelo esikweleta kumaphesenti afayo afinyelele ezindlalifa zakhe futhi sisatshalaliswa phakathi kwabo ngesigamu.

Isibonelo: oshonile wayenamadodana amathathu nomfazi. Indodana yokuqala yafa eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokufa kukayise, ishiya izingane ezimbili. Isabelo efa likababa siyosatshalaliswa kanje: 1/4 yefa izonikezwa oshade naye, 1/4 izonikezwa amadodana, kanti 1/4 izohlukaniswa phakathi kwabazukulu bomuntu oshonile ngamasheya alinganayo okuyingxenye ye-1/8 ngayinye.

Ithimba elijwayelekile lokuvula ifa nokusungula icala lefa liyizinyanga eziyisithupha kusukela ngosuku lokufa kwe-testator. Kule nkathi, zonke izindlalifa noma umuntu oyedwa uphendukela ehhovisi lika-notary ukuthola ukutholakala kwecala. Ngemva kokuqoqa yonke imibhalo edingekayo yendawo, eqinisekisile bonke ubudlelwane obuhlobene, emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha indlalifa (noma eziningana) unikezwa idokhumenti - isitifiketi selungelo lefa.

Ezimweni eziningi, into yefa iyindawo yangempela yomuntu oshonile: indlu, indlu, indlu, igaraji. Kusukela ngonyaka wamakhulu amabili nesithupha, kuye kwenziwa izinguquko emthethweni owasula intela yendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinye izindawo ezibalulwe ngenhla.