Igumnov endlini ku Yakimanka. Inxuluma Igumnova yomthengisi

House-Merchant Igumnova Yakimanka abatelekile quaintness futhi pretentiousness of imihlobiso yayo. Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-19, kuba Iyasinda cishe enjalo namhlanje. Namuhla kukhona kuyo unomphela inxusa isiFulentshi, ngoba uthanda nje evakashele isikhulu esiphezulu engakutholi.

Kodwa indlu Igumnova Yakimanka zonke litholakale emphakathini, nokuthola yonke ubucwebecwebe futhi ubukhazikhazi bawo wonke umuntu can. izintelezi bangaphandle lilinganiswe uma uhambo endaweni. Isitshela indaba ukudalwa zonke esakhiweni isitini.

Umlando inxuluma

Lesi sakhiwo ufana umbhoshongo ubudala Russian, ezakhiwe ukuze Nicholas Igumnova. Wazala indlu njengoba yokuhlala Umnikazi wefemu eMoscow Yaroslavl. Nakuba Igumnov inikeza izindlela ezinkulu, kodwa ukukhetha wesigodi izakhiwo ezintsha wawela phezu abampofu unprestigious. abakukhethayo isicebi ukuze bathethelele yokuthi akhulela lezi zitho. Ngisho izixwayiso ukuthi angomakhelwane maqhugwane engcolile konakalisa umbono lwesigodlo yasebukhosini, akazange ukukholisa usomabhizinisi ukulahla umbono.

Ukuze umakhi ukwakhiwa wamenywa Yaroslavl Nicholas Pozdeev Countryman Igumnova. Abafisa ukugcizelela amandla umnikazi, isimo sakhe saba wakhethwa isitayela ethandwa kakhulu futhi acacile e nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu isikhathi - mbumbulu. By endleleni, ngomoya ofanayo futhi Terem Palace lakhiwa. isitayela Pseudo-Russian wabizwa ngokuthi ngenxa mbumbulu ubudala umbhoshongo lokhuni.

Wakwenza imali ukwakhiwa, Igumnov ngaphambilini izitini Dutch, amathayili bayalwa ku embonini zobumba ka Kuznetsova.

Lesi sakhiwo, kokubili ehhashini lwamaGypsy kwaba eqoqwe izinto ezinhle khona izakhiwo Russian. Kusukela lokhu ubukhazikhazi ngokweqile Pozdeyeva uphawu yesifundazwe, ngokuphelele elingenalo ukunambitheka umklami. Ngokuhamba yikhasimende wahleka kancane. Uyawuvumela ukugxekwa nokuba wezwa bebahleka ukuhlaselwa kumnikazi, umakhi yaphuka wazibulala. Kodwa akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi wakhawula ukugxekwa umculi. House-Merchant Igumnova landizela imali eningi futhi uvelile balinganisela yasekuqaleni. Ngu ikhasimende wenqaba ukukhokha esengeziwe into akufakwanga okusalungiswa kokuqala. Lokhu zonakale Pozdeyeva. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma ukufa.

Izinganekwane Igumnova ikhaya

Igumnov indlu elingene shí eziningi izimfihlakalo nama-legends. Oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke, futhi kuze kube namuhla, le nganekwane we umdansi. Ngokusho kwakhe, umthengisi ocebile, bakha indlu yayo yakhe - intombazane enhle ngendlela emangalisayo, owawungumnyaka ziyahlanya othandweni. Kodwa akulona uyena yedwa uyajabula nomthwebuli iso futhi uyasijabulisa ukwazi. Ingabe kuyokwenzeka ukuba aphile impilo kanokusho, wakwazi ibamba abathandi. Found mayelana ukungathembeki Igumnov wagan 'unwabu wabulala ubuhle, futhi isidumbu sakhe bricked ku izindonga isakhiwo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, bathi ebusuku ezulazulayo ghost emhlophe elinezinkathazo intombazane. Kodwa wamanje umhlali Ambassador of France, akazange akhononde futhi indlu igumnov ku Bolshaya Yakimanka abaqondile ukushiya.

Enye inganekwane ithi endlini Igumnova cishe lubekelwe ukuphila kwayo. Yayala ukuba abeke phansi egumbini zemali zegolide esibonisa iphrofayli lombusi phezulu. Ukuze uthole bambalala sokungacabangi enjalo Nicholas cishe adingiswa futhi kwadingeka abaleke ukuze asindise. Mhlawumbe, umthengisi bangathola, kodwa ukuphila eyayiwugcinile inguquko.

Injongo ikhaya eminyakeni ezahlukene

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi manje usesikhundleni endlini Igumnova French Ambassador. Kodwa kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kusukela ngo-1938 kuphela. Ekuqaleni, injongo endlini kubhebhethekiswe imfihlo: noma ngabe "dacha", noma indlu indlovukazi yakhe. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi yayakhiwe izidingo siqu umthengisi, ngokuqinisekile.

Revolution ngenkani emzini futhi uyenze itholakale ku-club Goznak endaweni yokukhanda. Ngemva konyaka kokufa Lenin ngo-1925, isakhiwo sashintshwa yizakhamizi entsha. Babelokhu beqhubekile behola odokotela ngubani wasungula i-Institute for Brain Research. Abacwaningi bazama ukungena imfihlakalo wayeyisazi Vladimira Ilicha. Khona-ke, uhlu "ubuchopho oluvelele" zigcwaliswe, kuhlelenjwe amasampula grey ndaba zabanye greats eziningi.

isitayela indlu Igumnova

Igumnov indlu ihlanganisa izici izitayela eziningi. izakhi okuhlobisa: embhoshongweni, amakholomu, ematendeni - ezingahlangani kuze kube yileso sikhathi, zazenziwe ku Ensemble yezakhiwo ngaphansi workshop Pozdeyeva isandla. Nakuba isakhiwo futhi kancane ukhuluphele, kodwa ngenye indlela isitayela mbumbulu isiRashiya, futhi ayimeleli.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sitayela isivele eyakhelwe Terem Sigodlo ekhatsi Moscow ezibiyele, umphakathi bengalamukeli umhlali entsha - indlu Igumnova. Art abagxeki isikhathi esibonakala isakhiwo njengoba kuveze inqwaba classicism ngesiGreki, Rococo, Renaissance futhi Gothic.

Manje igumnov endlini eMoscow - i lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye Ngokwesibonelo yobuciko okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ingaphandle isakhiwo

Ingaphandle isakhiwo esisetshenziswa inqwaba izakhi okuhlobisa, ukuba kuhlanganiswe ukwakhiwa ngaphambili. Lokhu ibangelwa wethula yokungezwani iplanethi olungaphambili lwesonto izinkuni ezibaziweyo, akhiwe elinemifanekiso, UKWAKHA metal ngisho ekubunjweni.

Noma kunjalo, isitayela Russian - esiphambanweni-osezingeni ephathwayo zonke izici, nakuba isakhiwo, ngaphandle ezitebhisini grand kanye nehholo, lapho-ke kuholela, kubhekwa yenziwe isitayela European.

Igumnov endlini walondoloza umhlobiso mbumbulu, nakuba kusukela ngo-1938, futhi usebhekene uhlobo "ofrantsuzhivanie". Architects ngowokuqala aqaphele ubuhle isakhiwo futhi wazama iconsi charm French e ngukujabha Russian.

ingaphakathi

The main isiqondiso wesitayela emaqaqasini igumbi umbuso, futhi element ngayinye ibonisa ukubaluleka izwi. Igumnov endlini uye equkethwe nobubanzi umphefumulo Russian nangekhono kuhlanganiswe ngayo classicism. Ukuhlobisa indlu ukwenza Ivan Pozdeev - umzalwane Nikolaya Pozdeeva.

Njalo ifenisha elalihlotshiswe ngayo izakhi zegolide. amakamelo amahholo zikhanyiswa namafasitela amakhulu, okuyinto zifakwa ku ukuvuleka arched. Izindonga zipendwe umbala yezinyo lendlovu, okuyinto zitholakala eduze zinsika.

Bas akha uhlaka ngaphakathi lapho tensioning kasilika elite noma hung isithombe.

Brain Igumnova ikhaya

kwezinzwa-German Oskar Vogt waba inhloko yalawa laboratory ukuthola izindawo e wayeyisazi ngasekupheleni Vladimira Lenina ingqondo. Ngaphezu Vogt, indlu wazinza ochwepheshe ambalwa ababehileleke kulo msebenzi onzima kangaka. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-laboratory iye yaqhubeka yaba Institute zobuchopho.

Njengoba wazi, iqiniso ngokuziqhathanisa eyaziwa, ngoba ngaphezu engqondweni evelele zaspirtovannye kukaLenin, Institute laqala ukuletha yabo kanye nabanye, kuhlanganise Lunacharsky, Zetkin, Mhlophe, Mayakovsky nabanye abaningi.

Iveza Supermen kuhlelwe isakhiwo ngaphansi kwegama yangaphambili "igumnov indlu", eMoscow. Yakimanka wayekulungele ukuthatha beka inguquko emhlabeni emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Kodwa umthelela zero, ngoba Institute yaphenduka Museum, bese ngokuphelele sekususiwe.

funny ukuqondana kwezinto

Eceleni yesimanje French Embassy in 1979, kusho ihhovisi isakhiwo lenxusa lakhiwa. isakhiwo Ezinhle yesimanje. Emincane, abukhali, efana isivivane, amaKhaladi umbala omnyama abomvu. Ultranovoe, kubalulekile nokho kakhulu efana nomunye ... Mausoleum, lapho oba emzimbeni Lenin.

Ezinye izazi-mlando bathi lokhu nje kwaqondana ongaqondakali nomunye polulegendoy. Rumour has it ukuthi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, insizwa wahlabeka umxhwele kakhulu lapho ubuhle Igumnova ekhaya, wanquma ukuba abe wezakhiwo odumile. Le nsizwa umsolwa u-Aleksey Schusev - umbhali wencwadi Mausoleum edumile Red Square e Moscow.