IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: kafushane mayelana main

Ngo-1914 emhlabeni futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ezwekazini laseYurophu kwabheduka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Kafushane ngenkathi ukuchaza ngokugcwele kube nzima ngenxa yokuthi vele ukuthi kungqubuzana futhi Europe noma lonke izwe alimazanga umlando ukhona. Le mpi wabonisa izwe emisha esiyingqayizivele imvelo ehluke ngokuphelele: amathangi lokuqala, ukusetshenziswa amagesi kwamakhemikhali, amacebo ka emseleni impi, ukucekwa a lokwabiwa kabusha emikhulu emasimini emhlabeni wonke futhi, ekugcineni, i amaqembu engakaze ibonwe baningi ababa nesandla kulo.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: a emfushane emagcekeni

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu eYurophu siye athuthukile ezingqubuzana kakhulu kakhulu phakathi kwezizwe ezinamandla esikhathini esiningi. Entente backbone lalinabashumayeli uthi kusenesikhathi kwe- senzakalo izinguquko kwezezimboni futhi ngaleso sikhathi esesikhundleni evumayo kakhulu ekukhuleni komnotho wezwe, yemikhumbi yempi uhlelo wamakoloni. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ka eFrance naseNgilandi. Ngokungafani ukuthuthukiswa walo omkhulu ifinyelele eJalimane, cishe likwazi ukuncishiswa izinguquko kwezezimboni, kodwa asizange ithebula ukwehlukana ezibonakalayo wamakoloni. Fakela phakathi kwe indima abangahle futhi langempela eJalimane, lapho ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kwempi, zonke wakhula pangermanistskie kwemizwelo nolaka. kubangane bawo zemvelo ziye yizitha iBrithani neFrance, kanye, endaweni yesibili, eRussia. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Austria-Hungary naseTurkey banekareko emazweni aseBalkan, okuyinto iyasebenza kule nkathi Russia uthi. IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ngamafuphi, kwaba umphumela ongenakugwenywa kuwukuphikisana ezikhulayo. Ngakho, le mpi sasingagwemeki ngokushesha noma kamuva.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: kafushane isikhathi

Ibhaxa okuhlelekileko umlilo kokuvula kwaba kokubulawa Austrian iNkosana eSarajevo ngu AmaSeparatist abangamaSerbia ngo-June 1914. ohlanga Dual kwaphoqa ultimatum kanzima kakhulu Serbia, okuyinto uhulumeni Balkan lezwe liyizo uvumelana cishe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwento iqhaza lezihambeli Austrian kule lwasekhaya uphenyo Serbian nokuthola lesimbi - kuba ubukhosi ohlangothini Serbian. Eqinisweni, abakwaHabsburg ibhola badinga kuphela ibhaxa kokususa impi, futhi umemezela ukuthi ngo-July 28, futhi isishiya izenzakalo wezimpi ezalandela.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: hambisa (kafushane) ubutha

Impi eyathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane futhi kwaphela ngo-November 1918. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala empini eqhutshwa kakhulu ngempumelelo isimo Tripartite Union lamaJalimane ngo-August bacishe eziseduze nase-Paris, kodwa ukungena ukungqubuzana Japan nakwamanye amazwe kuye kwaholela ukubambezeleka ukushayisana. Kancane kancane, impi wathatha bemvelo ewohlozayo emseleni, lapho kungekho amaqembu eWestern Front (French - German) ayikwazanga ukusizakala. The last futhi zonke kwadingeka alwe nezimpi ezimbili, sishaye namabutho akhe empumalanga ekulweni izimpi Romanovs. Amabutho of the Empire, Habsburg ngokushesha wabonisa archaism yabo futhi ngokomthetho futhi lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo nangokuziphatha. Ngo-March 1918, Western Front babasiza we isiFulentshi, ukuthi amabutho, ngemva kwalokho amabutho aseJalimane kancane kancane siqale ukudamba indawo umakhelwane. Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, isimo sibe Hohenzollern (ababusi German) kanjalo nzima ukuthi uWilhelm II waphoqeleka ukuba avume ukunqotshwa party ngoNovemba 11, lapho waya ngonyaka 1918.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: imiphumela (kafushane)

Lokhu kulwa baba ngaleso sikhathi ethandwa kakhulu emlandweni wesintu. Kwaba khona abangu-38 uthi abantu abangaphezulu kuka-74 million, lapho abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-10 bashonile kwathi abanye abaningi abagogekile. Kodwa umphumela eyinhloko impi uhlelo SaseVersailles amalungiselelo, okuyinto enikeziwe emazweni wahlulwa esimweni ezilulazayo, ikakhulukazi eJalimane, futhi kuholele olandelayo neMpi Yezwe. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zivumelwano yiyona umbuso zokugcina wabhujiswa, eYurophu ekugcineni evunywe ukunqoba we isimo sezwe. Omunye umphumela obalulekile kwempi yezwe baba linemibhikisho othandwayo kuleli eJalimane efanayo, futhi ikakhulukazi e-Russia.