Incazelo eqondile nengokomfanekiso yezwi, noma umdlalo wezingcingo ezijabulisayo

Amagama, imishwana, imisho nemisho - konke lokhu nokunye okuningi kufakwe emqondweni "wolimi". Yeka ukuthi lifihliwe kuyo, nokuthi yeka ukuthi siyazi kangakanani ngolimi! Nsuku zonke ngisho nangomzuzu ngamunye esichitha naye - sisho imicabango yethu ngokuzwakalayo noma senza inkhulumomphendvulwano yangaphakathi, sifunde noma ulalele umsakazo ... Ulimi, inkulumo yethu yinto yobuciko yangempela, futhi kufanele ibe mnandi. Futhi ubuhle bayo kufanele bube yiqiniso. Yini ewusizo ekutholeni ubuhle beqiniso nolulwimi?

Incazelo eqondile nengokomfanekiso yamagama yilokho okuthuthukisa ulimi lwethu, luyakha futhi lushintshe. Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani? Ake sibheke le nqubo engapheli, lapho, njengoba besho, amagama avela emagama akhula.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yiliphi igama eliqondile nelingokomfanekiso, futhi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko abahlukaniswe ngazo. Igama ngalinye lingaba nencazelo eyodwa noma yonke yezincazelo. Amagama anomqondo owodwa abizwa ngokuthi amagama angabodwa. Ngolimi lwesiRashiya, kukhona okumbalwa kakhulu kubo kunamazwi anezincazelo eziningi ezahlukene. Izibonelo ngamagama afana nekhompyutha, umlotha, satin, umkhono. Igama elingasetshenziselwa izincazelo eziningana, kufaka phakathi okufanisayo, igama eliyigugu kakhulu, izibonelo: indlu ingasetshenziselwa incazelo yesakhiwo, igumbi labantu abazohlala, indlela yomndeni, njll; Isibhakabhaka siyindawo engaphezulu komhlaba, kanye nendawo yokukhanya okubonakalayo, noma amandla aphezulu, ukubamba.

Endabeni ye-polysemy, incazelo eqondile kanye ephathekayo yegama ihlukile. Incazelo yokuqala yegama, isisekelo sayo - lokhu kusho okuqondile kwegama. Ngendlela, igama elithi "ngqo" kulo mongo linomlingiswa ophathekayo, okungukuthi, incazelo enkulu yegama "into ephathekayo, Ngaphandle kokubopha "- idluliselwa kwenye into noma into echazwe ngokuthi" ngokoqobo, echazwe ngokungajwayelekile ". Ngakho akudingekile ukuba uhambe kude-nje kudingeka udlale ngokucophelela futhi uqaphele ukuthi yimaphi amagama esiwasebenzisa, nini futhi kanjani.

Kusukela kusibonelo esingenhla sekuvele kucacile ukuthi inani eliphathekayo lisho incazelo yesibili yezwi elaphakama lapho incazelo yangempela yegama idluliselwa kwenye into. Kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isici salesi sihloko esasetshenziswa njengesenzakalo sokudluliselwa kwencazelo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezincazelo eziphathekayo, njenge-metonymy, isichazamazwi, i-synecdoche.

Incazelo eqondile nengokomfanekiso yegama ingahle ihlanganisane ngokuhambisana nesimo esifanayo - lokhu yisifanekiso. Isibonelo:

Amanzi ase-Ice - izandla zeqhwa (ngesisekelo);

Inhlamba enobuthi - inhlobo enobuthi (ngesisekelo);

Inkanyezi esibhakabhakeni - inkanyezi esandleni (endaweni);

I-candy candy - i-chocolate tan (esekelwe kumbala).

I-Metonymy yiyona into ekhethiwe noma into ethile yendawo ethi ngokwemvelo yayo ingashintsha abanye. Isibonelo:

Ukucweba kwegolide - unegolide ezindlebeni zakhe;

I-porcelain ware - emashalofini wema ama-porcelain;

Ikhanda - ikhanda lami lidlule.

Futhi, ekugcineni, i-synecdoc iyinhlobo ye-metonymy, lapho igama elilodwa lishintshwa elinye ngenye indlela ngesilinganiso esihlala njalo, esivele sikhona isilinganiso esiphezulu futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Isibonelo:

Uyinhloko yangempela (ngomqondo wokuhlakanipha kakhulu, ikhanda liyingxenye yomzimba lapho ubuchopho bukhona khona).

Wonke umuzi wawusehlangothini lwawo - wonke umuntu ohlala kuyo, okungukuthi, "umzana" wonke, owenza indawo yayo ibe yingxenye.

Yini esingayisho ekuphetheni? Into eyodwa kuphela: uma wazi incazelo eqondile nengokomfanekiso yegama, awukwazi nje ukusebenzisa amagama athile ngokunembile, kodwa ukhulise inkulumo yakho, futhi ufunde indlela yokuveza kahle imicabango yakho nemizwa yakho, futhi mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku uzovela ngesifaniso sakho noma imethemmy ... Ngubani Uyazi?