Incazelo yokubukeka kukaPushkin ezithombeni nase-self-portrait

I-portrait uhlobo lunezindawo ezihamba phambili emidwebo waseRussia engxenyeni yesibili yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye nangaphambili kwekhulu lesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye. Abaculi abaziwa ngaleso sikhathi babantu abaningi abadumile, mhlawumbe, akekho obizwa ngokuthi abadwebi abanesithakazelo esinjalo, njengo-Alexander Sergeyevich. Incazelo yokubukeka kwePushkin nge- shayela mhlawumbe iyinkimbinkimbi ngisho nangaphezulu kwegama lobuciko.

Izithombe zePushkin ngobuciko obuhle bekhulu le-XIX

Njengoba wazi, isiko lekhulu le-XIX laliyi-centric-centric: izinkondlo kanye ne-prose yobuciko beka ithoni ngezinye izinhlobo zobuciko. Ukuhlelwa kuka-A. Pushkin akukona nje ekudaleni ulimi lwaseRussia, kepha futhi nokuthi amazwi akhe mayelana nesikhathi sesikhathi samanje kwakuyi-quintessence yemicabango ye-Russian intelligentsia yekhulu lokuqala lesithathu leminyaka. Ngakho-ke akumangalisi ukuthi imbongi yombongi yakhanga kakhulu abaculi. Izithombe zakhe zabhalwa abadwebi abahle kakhulu baseRussia: A. Tropinin, O. Kiprensky, I. Repin. Incazelo yangaphandle Ngokusho kwezithombe zabalobi abakukhulunywe ngenhla, uhlobo lwePushkin luyihloko yalokhu kubuyekezwa.

I-Portraits ye-Pushkin ngu-Tropinin no-Kiprensky

Ngo-1827, i-Tropinin yakha omunye wemifanekiso edumile kakhulu "yelanga lezinkondlo zaseRussia." Umculi wethule imbongi ku-young, romantic, ephefumulelwe. I-Pushkin yayikhona ekuphakameni kwenkazimulo: kwakuyizimbali zomsebenzi wakhe (kanye nomsebenzi weTropinin). Ukuchazwa kokubukeka kukaPushkin kungahle kube okuncane, mhlawumbe, okukhiqizwa kakhulu yilo mfanekiso: umdwebi uchaza ngokucacile isici esisodwa esikuphawulekayo somlobi-ukuphakama komcabango.

U-Alexander Sergeyevich udumisa kakhulu isithombe sakhe sebhayisikili sikaK Kiprensky. Lesi sithombe sekuyisikhathi eside sibe yiklasiki: kubonakala sengathi singabonakala kuzo zonke izincwadi zesikole ezincwadini zesiRussia. Incazelo yokubukeka kukaPushkin kulesisithombe ingaphelela: umculi wanikeza kuye izwe lezwe lembongi ngendlela ebonakala ngayo, mhlawumbe, kubaningi babafundi bakhe abazinikezele noma labo okungenani ngezinye izikhathi babecabanga ngomlingisi womlobi.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwezithombe zikaPushkin zikaTropinin neK Kiprensky

Emgqeni we-Kiprensky, ubuso bukaPushkin bubucayi futhi bunzulu, njengokungathi ngenhloso yokubonisa umehluko nesithombe esenziwe yiTropinin. Ukubukeka okucabangelayo, okucophelela, okujulile kukhuluma ngokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu kokuphila, naphezu kwentsha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kokubili imidwebo yabhalwa ngonyaka owodwa, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokukhula komlobi. Kodwa-ke, uVasily Andreevich wabona ngokuyinhloko isithandani, umphuphi, njengoba wayekhona, mhlawumbe, ngenkathi ebhala izinkondlo zakhe nezinkondlo ezinothando.

Incazelo yokubukeka kukaPushkin embukisweni we-Orest Adamovich kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu: ukubukeka kwendlovu, ekuboneni kokuqala, kulula, kepha lokhu kungukuthi kunzima kakhulu. Ukubukeka kwansuku zonke, ukubukeka kwansuku zonke kwendlovu kungenza incazelo yakhe ibe nzima nakakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isithombe sibonakala ngokucacile: umbukeli ubona phambi kwakhe umuntu ohlakaniphile kakhulu oye wabona okuningi, waqonda futhi wangena egameni lobuciko. Iqiniso lokuthi u-Alexander Sergeevich wakhuluma kahle ngalesi sithombe, ufakazela ukuthi lesi sithombe sasiyimpumelelo ngempela.

I-Pushkin emdwebeni Phindela

U-Repin wabhala umdwebo odumile "I-Pushkin ekuhlolweni kwe-Lyceum ngoJanuwari 8, 1815" ngokuhlonishwa kwekhulu leminyaka ye-Imperial Lyceum eTrarskoe Selo, futhi kwakungekhona ngengozi ukuthi isiteji sokufunda le mbongi osemusha sasikhethwa kulesi sakhiwo ngokuthi inkondlo edumile "Imikhumbuzo yeTsarskoe Selo". Umculi wathatha ubuso obuvelele, obuphefumlelwe buka-Alexander Sergeevich, owayesekhulile manje ukukhumbula ukuthi wayengakaze aqaphele ukubonakaliswa okusheshayo kwesibindi senkondlo asebekhulile uG. Derzhavin, owayebonakala ekulungele ukugijimela ezandleni zombhalo omusha wezinkondlo zaseRussia. Incazelo yokubukeka kwePushkin ngesiNgisi ingatholakala ngokusekelwe kulo mfanekiso othize: kuyo kukhona ukwakheka, isakhiwo esihambisana ngokugcwele nesilulumagama sabantwana besikole.

I-self-portrait yombongi

Mhlawumbe akekho owayengabonisa kangcono u-Alexander Sergeevich kunokuba yena ngokwakhe. Umlobi uye wavame ukuzitika ngaye ngezimbongi, ama-epigrams ngisho nasemisebenzini emikhulu njengenkabaveli evesini elithi "Eugene Onegin." Ngokusekelwe emibhalweni yakhe, imbono yombongi uqobo yakhe iyicacile kumfundi. U-Pushkin waziphathisa ngokulula okuhle kakhulu-ukuhlaziywa kwemvelo: waqonda ukushiyeka kwakhe, yena ngokwakhe owahleka, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakubalulekile ukuthi wayekwazi ngokuphelele ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ikhono lakhe lobuciko ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesiNgisi nokubhala kanye nokuqamba.

Yilezi zimfanelo zobuciko U-Pushkin uhanjiswe ku-self-portrait yakhe. Lesi sibalo sibonisa insizwa ekhuluma ngokucabangela ebusweni bakhe: naphezu kweminyaka yobudala, inokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu kokuphila, futhi umbukeli uyaqonda ukuthi usevele efunde okuningi futhi eqonda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lesi sithombe sidlulisa umoya omuhle, ukuxhumaneka, ukuphendula, okungukuthi, kanye nezici ezenziwa u-Alexander Sergeyevich ikakhulukazi kuye nakwabanye. Kuyaziwa ukuthi imbongi ibaluleke kakhulu kubangane, imnika indawo enkulu kumazwi. Incazelo yokubukeka kukaPushkin ngesiNgisi nayo ingenziwa ngesisekelo salesi sithombe sokuzibonakalisa, ngoba ngesimo esifingqiwe sidlulisa lokho okushiwo ubuntu bombongi.