Incephalopathy ye-Head Brain

Ukukhathazeka kwengqondo (i-encephalosis, i-encephalopathy ye- vascular, i- cerebropathy) ingumonakalo ochotshozayo wobungqingili obunobunjwa be-dystrophic futhi obangelwa izimo nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological.

Ukuphelelwa yisifo se-vascular of the brain kungaba kokubili kokuzalwa futhi kutholakale. Ukungaboni kahle kwengqondo kungabangelwa ukungalingani ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho kanye nokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kwezakhi zofuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxilongwa kokubeletha kungazalwa kuhlotshaniswa nokwehliswa kwenkathi yokubeletha ngezidalwa ezinobungozi ezifana ne-cerebral hypoxia noma ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha kokubeletha.

Ukukhathazeka okutholakala ebuchosheni kuvela emiphumeleni ebuchosheni bezinto ezilimazayo kakade ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kuye ngokuthi i-pathogenesis ne-etiology, izinhlobo eziningana ze-encephalopathy ezitholakalayo ziyahlukahluka:

- Ukuphelelwa yisifo esiphuthumayo-ngemuva kokudumala - lezi zikhathi eziphuthumayo noma eziphuthumayo ze-traumatic cerebral trauma;
- ukuxilongwa kwe-encephalopathy eyingozi - umphumela wokwehliswa okwesikhathi eside, okuhleliwe ezinjalo ze-neurotropic njenge-ethyl utshwala, i-chloroform, i-barbiturate, i-lead kanye ne-toxin ye-bacteria;
- ukuxilongwa kwemisebe ye-radiation - isimo esibangelwa ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-ionizing.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene ezihambisana nezifo ezitho zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kunezifo zesibindi, ezihambisana necrosis yamangqamuzana wesibindi kanye nezinguquko ohlelweni lwawo lwamasongo, izinto eziyingozi eziyingozi ezingabonakali ezingenabungozi ngesibindi zingena egazini lomjikelezo omkhulu wegazi, zibe nomthelela onobuchopho ebuchosheni, ziholele ekutheni i-encephalopathy iphilile. Kukhona ubuchopho obukhulu obuchopho obuphathelene nobuchopho, obuhlobene ne-renal pathology kanye ne-uremia. Ngokuvamile ukukhubazeka kwe-pancreatic njengengxube ye-pancreatitis ehlabayo kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-brain. Ku-encephalopathies ye-metabolic ihlanganisa futhi: i-hypoglycemic, i-hyperglycemic and hyperosmolar encephalopathy.

Isisekelo se-encephalopathy ngokuvamile kaningi i-hypoxia ye-cerebral - okubangelwa ukuwohloka kwegazi, i-edema, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-venous, kanye nemiphumela ebuchosheni be-poisonous endogenous and exogenous, okwenza kube lula ukuphazanyiswa kobuchopho bokuphefumula. Izici zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-encephalopathy zihlanganisa ukubonakaliswa kwezinguquko kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-lesion kakhulu, kanye nesilinganiso sokuphazamiseka kwe-cerebral circulatory kanye ne-predominance yezilonda zamakhanda ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga ngobuchopho.

Izimpawu zobuchopho bokuphefumula .

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zemibonakaliso emitholampilo ye-encephalopathy. Izibonakaliso zokuqala zihlanganisa ukukhubazeka kwememori, ukwehlisa ukusebenza kwengqondo nokusebenza, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ubunzima ekushintsheni imisebenzi, ukukhathala okujwayelekile nokuphelelwa amandla. Ngokuvamile, iziguli zikhononda ngezinsolo eziphuthumayo, imizwa engazinzile, izintambo nokucasula. Phakathi nokuhlolwa kwe-neurologic, i-nystagmus, i-tendon ekhuphukayo ye-tendon ne-tone muscle, ukuwohloka kokuzwa nokubukeka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukutholakala kwemibono ephikisanayo yomlomo kanye ne-pyramidal, ukungaboni kahle kokuhamba nokuhlukumezeka okuhlukahlukene kwemifino kubonakala.

Ngomonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho, i-brain edema kanye nezinkinga eziphawulekayo ze-microcirculation, ukuthuthukiswa okubukhali kwesithombe somtholampilo we-encephalopathy kungenzeka: ukuhlanza, ukucabangela, ukukhathazeka okuvamile, ukukhathazeka okukhulu, isikhathi eside, ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo, ukuphazamiseka, isizungu, ngezinye izikhathi ukungena kweminwe, izindebe, impumulo Ulimi.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-encephalopathy, ebaluleke kakhulu lapho idatha yomlando enembile iyatholakala, kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-electroencephalography, kanye ne-computed tomography.

Ukukhathazeka kwengqondo: ukwelashwa.

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, i-encephalopathies ihlale ilandelwa ukungafani okuhlukahlukene emsebenzini womzimba nezinhlelo, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kokubhebhetheka kwengculazi kufanele kube okuphelele, okuqondiswe kwisifo esiwumgogodla esabangela ukucindezeleka, kanye nezici ezivamile ze-symptomatology kanye ne-pathogenesis. Endabeni yokuqina okunamandla, izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokusekela impilo zisetshenziswa, njenge-hemodialysis, i-hemoperfusion, ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu okufakelwayo, ukudla kokubeletha. Ngokuvamile, kunesidingo sezinyathelo zokuqeda izibonakaliso zesifo esixhumene nesifo nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okungahambi kahle. Ngemuva kwalezi zenzakalo, izidakamizwa zishiwo ukuthi isenzo saso senzelwe ukwenziwa ngcono kwesimo somqondo sobuchopho: ama-amino acids, ama-lyotropes, amavithamini A, E, iqembu B, ascorbic ne-folic acid, ama-antiplatelet agents kanye nama-biostimulants. Yonke imithi inqunywe ihlangene, isikhathi eside, izifundo eziphindaphindiwe ezinyangeni ezingu-1-3.