Indlela ukukhetha futha ulwelwesi: amathiphu kanye nokubuyekeza. Izinhlobo diaphragm amaphampu

Pumps - ke aqoqa, iziphi kabanzi kunazo lisetshenziswe zimboni, kanye ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezithile ekhaya. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalolu hlobo amadivayisi. Phakathi ethandwa futhi esiwusizo kakhulu ukusebenzisa - diaphragm iphampa. udumo lwabo ezikhulayo e-Russia. Yiziphi izici yendlela aklanywe ngayo? Yini izinzuzo amaphampu abanjalo? Yini okumelwe icatshangelwe ngokuhamba nokusebenza kwabo?

Kanjani futha

Ngokusho futha diaphragm Isiphi isimiso usebenza? Isikimu kanje. Le divayisi siqukethe izimbotshana ezimbili elise, enye iqondene lenye. Basuke ahlukaniswe ulwelwesi - a nezimo kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ipuleti eqinile. Omunye ekamelweni ligcwele umoya, omunye - uketshezi. Phakathi kwabo, yena, kuyinto distributor okuyinto ethatha ku diaphragm ukuze idluliswa emuva naphambili nge amplitude amancane.

Ngenxa ngalo ingaphakathi umuntu dengwane volume of uketshezi, kanti kwesinye - amuncwa umzimba. Lapho ulwelwesi ithatha isikhundla okuphambene - ketshezi ihamba ngo indiza ovundlile - sibonga design olukhethekile iyunithi valve. ngaleyo ndlela diaphragm futha usebenza displacement izidakamizwa isimiso - njengoba ngempela futhi amadivayisi piston-hlobo. Kodwa in the sakamuva, njengoba umthetho, akukho izingxenye nezimo ezifana ulwelwesi. Isikimu Yokukhiqiza unit kuqinisekisa ukuzinza okusezingeni eliphezulu zedivayisi.

Ngenxa yalo mklamo, ekamelweni diaphragm futha is cishe hhayi angcolile. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo imishini oqotsheni thembeke ngesikhatsi operation esisebenzayo kuka reciprocating ezivamile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nezinselele diaphragm ededela amanzi ukudonsa uketshezi nge kwabantu ephakeme kanye viscosity, kanye ukumiswa.

zokwakha

Diaphragm futha, ngokuvamile akhiwe ngerabha noma lezinsimbi nezimo futhi ephezulu amandla. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, idivayisi ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngezinto ukumelana ukugqwala namakhemikhali (uma kucatshangwa elihambisana ngqo kokuzibandakanya kwabo). Lolu ketshezi feed noma slurry ukuze iphayiphi ocucuzayo, okuyinto evame ibuye akhiwe ngerabha noma PVC.

Izinzuzo diaphragm amaphampu

I futha diaphragm kunezinzuzo eziningana. Okokuqala, lokhu kalula ezehlukile ngokubulawa (e kakhulu implementations ubuchwepheshe). Njengomthetho, lanikeza ujikelezisa izingxenye kanye motors amayunithi yalolu hlobo. I izindlela abangela amaphampu in motion, musa bakha amathuluzi ubuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi. Njengomthetho, yesimanje diaphragm amaphampu - kagesi design kahle elula, ne uhlelo womoya, uma kungekhona uyivule. Okwesibili, la amayunithi usebenza nge okungenzeka ubuncane ukuhluleka - eqinisweni, kuba impahla yabo ngenxa nje umklamo ofanayo elula. Diaphragm futha - idivayisi ezokwenza isikhathi eside. Okwesithathu, amadivayisi Kulula ukufaka futhi ukufakwa, hhayi afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye kwisitoreji kanye ezokuthutha izimo. Lokushisa, umswakama kanye nezinye izici zendawo ezungezile musa kuthinte ukusebenza kwe-futha.

ukusebenza zobuchwepheshe

Amayunithi embuzweni, zihlukile. Phakathi ezivamile - ukumpompa emoyeni. Umhlangano ulwelwesi yalolu hlobo usebenza ngaphandle idrayivu motor, ehlukile omoya eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi izakhi isibonisi. Ilungiselelo elinjalo esivumelana ikakhulu mayelana zokuthutha. Phakathi kwezinye izici eziphawulekayo - akukho ukushisa appreciable futhi yobunzima, nakho ezimweni eziningi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise ucingo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Njengoba siphawulile ngenhla, zikhona amaphampu diaphragm drive kagesi. Futhi akuve kuvamile ukuba wonke jikelele (basuke ingashintshwa ukuze eletrosistem kakhulu elisetshenziswa Russia), ukusebenza high, ngentengo ephansi. Kukhona futha eliqhutshwa drive wokubacindezela.

Ngakho, umbandela esiyinhloko Ukwahlukaniswa amathuluzi - uhlobo motor. Ngokuvamile, isimiso yokusebenza uhlobo idivayisi efanayo ngamunye: ulwelwesi (noma, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, a diaphragm) uzimisele ngaphansi kwethonya injini mechanical, emoyeni (in the case of drive womoya) noma amanzi (lapho usebenzisa uhlelo wokubacindezela), nokuzokwenza ukunyakaza okuphakelayo kwekhasi izinto. Kwezinye imiklamo kwakukhona amaphampu amabili ulwelwesi inikezwe. Ngezinye amathonya eyodwa onomfutho emoyeni, okubangela ukugoba ukugqugquzela izidakamizwa isetshenziswa valve yokuxhuma. Ngasikhathi sinye, e ingxenye lapho ulwelwesi yesibili, a cleaner, lapho esenziwa imithetho ezingokwemvelo lomcebo ugxile. Futhi kanjalo yonke into eyenziwa actuator. ulwelwesi ababili kuleli cala uxhuma kushaft lokukhanda. Futhi kule ukudonsa izidakamizwa abathintekayo emoyeni valve, ezisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo. ukuncela (lapho kuqala ulwelwesi dilution emoyeni babesuka odongeni) kanye uzotshala (lapho diaphragm yesibili okuhambisa uketshezi ingcindezi pnevmopotoka ukuthi wakwazi ukuthola emzimbeni, kanjalo nokunikeza ukunyakaza into esitolo esidayisa) - Ngakho, izinqubo ezimbili ohlotsheni futha. ingcindezi izinkomba ku kususwa udonga lwangemuva ulwelwesi oveza uketshezi futhi lowo itholakala engxenyeni okokufaka, ngaleyo ndlela, alinganayo. iyunithi uvame ukubizwa, elinye igama - "cleaner futha". Mshini diaphragm uma zonke kudivayisi implementations zobuchwepheshe. Isizathu salokho - alula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu. Kepha Double diaphragm amaphampu - ithambekele womoya.

Isimo sokunquma esebenza amaphampu

Ngesisekelo yiziphi izici diaphragm uhlobo amaphampu lilinganiswe isici ukusebenza kahle kanye izinga lomsebenzi? Ochwepheshe angawodwa isethi elandelayo nemingcele.

Okokuqala, futha diaphragm womoya (noma omunye ukuthi ifakwe idrayivu kagesi) kumele zihambe ngokushelela ngaphandle okudinga ukulungiswa, ukumiswa ezengeziwe, Lubrication nezinye izinqubo ezidinga izindleko okokufaka.

Okwesibili, amayunithi yalolu hlobo kufanele kube imvelo. Empeleni, lo umbandela kungalandelwa esimweni onobuhle eziningi zalezi zinsuku of diaphragm amaphampu. Hhayi kumadivayisi eziningi kangaka usebenza, isibonelo, uphethiloli noma igesi.

Okwesithathu, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kwakukhona asebenzayo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa cruise control, uhlelo ngabondla izinto amanani. Okungukuthi, futha akumelwe kuphela ku "ku" isikhathi "off". Kufanele kube yinto engenzeka ukuthi ulungise ukushuba ukuncela nohlobo impahla kanye nemisebenzi ezindaweni zokusebenza.

Okwesine, futha liyakushunyayelwa ngendlela yokuthi uma kwenzeka ingress izinto eziqinile ne izimbotshana ukuthi akuzange kuholele umonakalo mechanical kuya kudivayisi noma ukulimala yayo.

Futhi, ezinye izazi lobuchwepheshe ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba khona yesimiso sokuzivikela amaphampu yokwanda (in the case of amayunithi kwi drive), kanye umnotho - mayelana uhlobo olufanayo amadivaysi.

Ububanzi

Kukhona namakilasi amaningana amadivayisi embuzweni. Kukhona metering diaphragm futha, manual cleaner - futhi bonke yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ezihlukahlukene izimboni. Ngokuvamile, lokhu umkhakha - uwoyela negesi, ukudla, ngidwebe ngopende kanye nokwenza ukuvenisha. chemical nokwakhiwa. amadivaysi kancane kancane accustom kanye nabantu - kwezolimo, isibonelo. Iba amadivayisi Okuncane zithandwa kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, ezinye zazo kungaba kudla ugesi kancane kakhulu (ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezandleni umsebenzisi uzogcwalisa diaphragm futha) - 12 volts. Lolu hlobo amadivayisi ayevame amaholide ukuze kwakhiwe izinhlelo ukucelela noma amapayipi amancane. Izibuyekezo abanikazi abaningi izingadi libhekene diaphragm encane yasekhaya iphampa kuphela okuhle kulesi simo.

Uzotshala lezi zinhlelo, ikakhulukazi labo ingashintshwa ukuze isetshenziswe umkhakha, kungaba ezihlukahlukene izinto - amanzi, uketshezi nge kwabantu ephakeme kanye viscosity, kanye nalezo uvumele inclusions okuqinile (kuye ngokuthi idivayisi Ukulungiswa ubungako bawo ovumelekile zokhahlamba kusuka kwangu ukuze ngamasentimitha ambalwa). Abanye onobuhle ingashintshwa for uzotshala amakhemikhali nolaka.

Umthamo amaphampu

Kukhona sub-uhlobo olucutshungulwayo amayunithi - sokuphuzisa amaphampu. Diaphragm Izinqubo, isimiso, kuyafana amadivayisi ezivamile danogo uhlobo, kodwa uhla lapho babeya khona, ngokuvamile ngaphezulu emincane. onobuhle eziningi kumadivayisi ingashintshwa ukuze isebenze nje okufanayo izinto amakhemikhali asebenzayo - uma kukhona isidingo Isikali gqwa.

Yiziphi izici yendlela aklanywe ngayo? Diaphragm metering amaphampu, njengoba umthetho, ukucacisa, ukuba yobunzima ezehlukile nendawo ebiyelwe. ukusebenza yabo (ukudluliswa umfutho ejenti) kuyinto kakhulu nezimo adjustable. Ngo indlela yamanje inikeza izinketho ukusetha nemingcele oyifunayo - kokubili imodi samanje iyunithi, futhi ngesikhathi presetting. Kuye design nedivayisi zobuchwepheshe uhlobo, lokhu kungenziwa ngesandla noma izakhi drive.

Phakathi izici esiphawulekayo metering iphampa - kalula ekhethekile abebeziphilisa ngako. Ikakhulukazi, ziklanyelwe, ngokuvamile ngesimo amabhlogo - lokhu kubangela kalula futhi isidingo sakugcina for zabasebenzi e ukuhlangana noma obandayo amadivaysi. amaphampu ezinjalo zivame unikezwe valve bazivumelanisa ezindaweni eziyingozi edalulwa. Loku kubaluleke kakhulukati, njengoba lezi zinto ezizwelayo kuwo.

Metering lwedivayisi ube nenamba kahle esikhulu uhamba (uhamba) - oda 100-150 ngomzuzu. Kungenzeka ukulungisa amplitude - e onobuhle yesimanje lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhla 0-100%.

Kwezinye izimo, le ngokucacile ukukhiqizwa kuhilela ukusebenza a "hybrid" imodeli zedivayisi. Okungukuthi, kungase kudingeke ukuba ukumpompa ulwelwesi-piston. Sihlanganisa izinzuzo a diaphragm, kanye "zakudala". Cabanga imininingwane yalolu hlobo amayunithi.

Ikakhulukazi ulwelwesi-piston amaphampu

Ngokunjalo, futha cleaner (ulwelwesi) esenziwa tesakhiwo kungukuthi njalo yenzelwe ngokucubungula izinto nge high density. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba abanye ochwepheshe lobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kahle yayo akuyona njalo elilungile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa futha kokuba izici njengoba diaphragm futhi piston. Amadivayisi yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile sokuqhuba kahle ephakeme futhi enciphile amandla ukusetshenziswa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenkululeko amaphampu ulwelwesi-ukufuduka ngokuvamile sibanti kwendlula orifice. Ikakhulukazi, kungasetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela for uzotshala uketshezi, kodwa futhi ukuhambisa kodaka e lemifanekiso cindezela, ehlanganisa ukwakhiwa spray dryers. Ezinye amaphampu ulwelwesi-piston, uhlobo wokubacindezela lungasetshenziswa e embonini yezimayini, CHP, embonini ngobumba, ebubulweni lesimbi. Ngakho, lolu hlobo idivayisi, ngokuba izinzuzo esivela kokubili ulwelwesi kanye piston embodiments, ukuhlela kabusha abaningi ezihlukahlukene. Okusho ukuthi, uma amadivayisi diaphragm kukhona ekahle uzotshala uketshezi (nge kumaphesenti athile ukudla okuqinile okuqukethwe), i- "hybrid" lalingabulawa kalula sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo ukuhamba izinto, okuyinto yena, emakamu yezingxenye zingaxazululeki angaba phezulu.

Nokho, lolu hlobo lokubolekwa ngokuvamile kuyabiza kakhulu ukwedlula diaphragm noma piston ngamunye. Nokho, nge nokwenza kahle senqubo yokukhiqiza of the izindleko ongakhokhela uqobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, sibonga ukusebenza kwe "hybrid" amaphampu iyashelela, kancane - okungenani kule ngxenye tindleko tekwenta libhizinisi kuzoncishiswa. Futhi, ngenxa izici isakhi ulwelwesi-piston amaphampu, ukugqoka izingxenye ngabo ngokuvamile ngaphansana uma usebenzisa idivaysi diaphragm.

Indlela ukukhetha futha?

Ngesisekelo yiziphi izici ingakhetfwa diaphragm futha (uma yidivayisi okungadingi ezihlobene uhlobo hybrid)? Amapharamitha Key kungathiwani mayelana nokusebenza zalezi zinhlobo zomculo, njengoba kulandela:

- ingcindezi at the umphini esidayisa (ezimweni eziningi, izinga ubuncane kumele kube 60 ibha - kodwa konke kuncike ukusetshenziswa ehlosiwe kwe-futha);

- ukuncela (kungesiwo esingaphansi 4-5 m);

- ukugeleza izinga lomcebo (. Ingabe ulinganiswa cubic metres ngehora - chitha Kunconywa imingcele zihluke kakhulu - kusuka 0.5 kuya emashumini amayunithi, bonke kuye ngenjongo zedivayisi);

- ingcindezi ukudluliswa ibanga (ubude ipayipi fed impahla - hhayi amamitha esingaphansi 50);

- Onomfutho umfutho womoya (ngokuvamile in the ezahlukene 0.2-0.6 MPA, kodwa kungase kube nezinye amagugu);

- ovumelekile lokushisa isikhawu akhishwa izinto (ngokuvamisile 0-80 degrees);

- ububanzi we izimbobo itheku futhi uphuma khona, futhi lapho emoyeni sidla (kukhonjisiwe amasentimitha noma amayintshi - ngokuvamile onobuhle yokungenisa);

- nokukhawulela ubukhulu ukudla okuqinile (ziyahlukahluka kusuka kwangu ambalwa amasentimitha).

Nokho, ngezigaba amaphampu futhi isabelo sabo spectrum ebanzi kangangokuthi ukukhethwa nemingcele elikhulu lapho ukhetha uhlobo idivayisi uyohlale kuxhomeke ezindaweni ezithize isicelo.

amaphutha

Izinzuzo idivayisi ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa ngokwanele. Lokhu jikelele - ulwelwesi futha ingasetshenziswa semali amanzi kanye nezinye iziphuzo kanye izakhiwo ezahlukene ngokomzimba. Lokhu emvelweni - okuvame ukusetshenziswa umklamo amadivayisi kanye actuators ngaphandle qeda amagesi. Lokhu nobubanzi ukusebenza lobuchwepheshe - kukhona kagesi, wokubacindezela, womoya, manual diaphragm futha. Kodwa kufanele futhi ishiwo nokushiyeka kukhona isici lolu hlobo amayunithi.

Okokuqala, ulwelwesi noma diaphragm amaphampu zihlale ezinyakazayo. Lokhu ekugcineni kuholela ukugqoka kwamangqamuzana - ziba ngaphansi Friend, uma kungapheli. Kodwa, njengoba umthetho, abakhiqizi imishini yesimanje abasebenza ukuphakela izingxenye ulwelwesi esikhululekile kakhudlwana, futhi uma uphelelwa - ungahlala oda amasha. Ngokwesibonelo, HBM, ezidayisa umkhiqizo wawo iwuhlelo - ulwelwesi cleaner futha (HBM igxile zinsizakuphila), sigcwalisa isethi izingxenye ezisele.

Okwesibili, ngenxa ukushuba ukuxhashazwa, ukugqoka kahle futhi ithuluzi valve. Futhi, kwezinye izimo kungase kube ukuvaleka le ukudla okuqinile okukhona kule ketshezi feed. Noma kunjalo, kungaba indawo.

Ezinye nobunzima kule futha kungadalwa gqwa ukubukeka umusi Ilokhi ngesikhathi ukumuncwa okusamanzi (uma kucutshungulwa ejenti, izimpawu okusezingeni eliphezulu umusi ingcindezi - isb, methyl chloride).

Nokho, imakwe yokuntuleka ezintathu maintainability okusezingeni eliphezulu futha ihlawulelwa futhi esikhundleni izingxenye ezigugile kalula. Futhi, ukunciphisa amathuba ukulimala ulwelwesi kanye valve kanyekanye ne lokubolekwa (futhi kwezinye izimo - njengengxenye isakhiwo sabo) ungasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene Damping amadivayisi yakhelwe lungisani pulses ezivela ukunyakaza diaphragms. Noma kunjalo, diaphragm amaphampu zisebenzisa kunokuba nozakwabo bendabuko. nenzuzo Kwezomnotho izimboni eziningi, kodwa ngokuvamile inqunywa ikhono lokusebenzisa amayunithi nje enjalo.