Indlela yokubona ukuthungela sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka? Elawulwa ukuthungela isikhathi

Uhlelo ukuthungela kufaka umthombo wamandla kagesi, ikhoyili, chopper control unit, amakhandlela amakhebuli kagesi. Inhloso yalesi divayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi - ngesikhathi esifanele ngokusebenzisa inhlansi ukuthungela ukukhiqiza inhlanganisela air nophethiloli enikeziwe ku amasilinda we yangaphakathi omlilo engine.

Nazi izinhlobo kwethulwa izinhlelo

Isakhiwo ukuthungela indlela ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ngokuvumelana izici kwesakhiwo nezinhloso nemigomo yeNhlangano senzo. Ngakho, ukuthungela kuyinto:

- contact;

- non-contact;

- i-imeyili.

Ingqikithi yalo

Uma uvula ukhiye ukuziqalela uphendulela crankshaft injini, amandla webhethri lokuqala, ngemva kokuba livela generator ukuze ikhoyili ne full bese ikhebula amandla inhlansi inhlansi ezikhiqiza samaqanda. Proper imoto ukuthungela Kwenziwa incike tramblera izinguquko. Umsebenzi ikhoyili ekuqongeleleni nokuguqulwa-low voltage (12 V) e isamba anda (cishe 30 000). Isikhathi, ethola siguqulwe amandla ukusatshalaliswa kwenza kube ngu inhlansi, lona wamuva nge izinhlansi okhela le ngxube uMbhalo ngesikhathi ezithile ukuhamba pistons. Ngokusho leliqhinga usebenza contact ukuthungela.

imininingwane yokuxhumana uhlelo isiqalo

Lolu hlobo ine isethi ngcono amadivayisi:

- ikhoyili ne inkinobho;

- sokusabalalisa kudivayisi wamanje inzwa ishayela;

- iqoqo detonation nokucindezelwa izinzwa.

I-track lokugcina emsebenzini motor kuzo bese uthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ekubekeni izimo zokusebenza evumayo.

I electronic sokuqala uhlelo

ukuthungela Electronic ihlukile kwabanye khona electronic control unit, kokuba injongo lokufeza ukulawula inqubo ukuthungela, fuel injection kusengaphambili engela ukulungiswa. Kukhona zanqwabelana futhi ekhungethe kagesi. ukuthungela Electronic kukwenza kungenzeki ukushintsha kwemigomo okuvele kwenza esitebeleni motor umsebenzi. Iphinde ngcono ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphisa petrol. Running in the nobusika kuyoba nzima, ngeke bathathe isikhathi eside ukuqala motor. Futhi, ukuthuthukiswa elikhulu engeli isikhathi ekhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka mayelana nesidingo sizilungise.

ukuthungela ekuseni

Zombili lezi ezingathandeki bese kuyobonakala omubi inqubo yokusebenza sokuphehla amandla. Early ukuthungela fuel ingxube kwenzeka lapho piston Siye azifinyelelanga isikhundla Kunconywa. Alilona isikhungo phezulu efile. Waqala kanjalo-ke amandla omlilo futhi amandla ezikhishwe ukuvimbela ukudlula piston ukwenza unhlangothi evamile. Idala umthwalo okwengeziwe ingxenye amaqembu crank. Bearings ahlupheke overload futhi kakhulu ngokushesha kukhona okuyiphutha. Ukuze nikwazi ukuhlonza ukuthungela sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka, kudingeka babe nolwazi lezizibonakaliso uqale:

- uzozwa isici ukukhala metallic imisindo, okubonisa ukuthuthukiswa izakhi crank;

- injini ingavuthi engazinzile futhi ngezikhathi;

- ngokucindezela namafutha injini iqala ukuba kuminyanise futhi kwesibaya.

Kamuva ukuthungela ingxube

Imibandela run inhlansi ezinjalo ekhiqizwa umhla References edingekayo evamile motor ukusebenza. Ngo i samuntu ezinjalo, ukusebenza piston kungenzeka kakade TDC, nophethiloli ngeke ke nomlilo. It akanawo isikhathi zisishise siphele futhi unike wonke amandla piston uzokwenza unhlangothi. Kulokhu, ingxube unburned ngokusebenzisa esidayisa valve fly ukuba ipayipi qeda. Ukuze unombono, indlela ukuhlola ukuthungela kudingeka bagcine ukubonakaliswa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

- amandla injini kuyehla kakhulu;

- ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kuzokhulisa kakhulu;

- kungenzeka okweqile we amandla plant futhi incandescence qeda manifolds;

- okwakheke kumiswa nagarnyh phezu engaphakathi uMbhalo bese izakhi yokuxhuma induku piston iqembu.

Umbuzo ukuthi ukukhomba ukuthungela sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka, manje ungafaki ngawe ekupheleni efile, kodwa odinga ukukwazi isakhiwo aphansi kanye nokusebenza motor ukucacisa nezindaba ekulalelweni.

Qalisa udizili eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ngo udizili izitshalo amandla amakhandlela timer nocingo ukuthi ine contact ukuthungela. Ignition kwenzeka ngezithukuthuku umvimbo kokucindezelwa. Kule nqubo, nophethiloli is injected uMbhalo esimweni izinhlayiya hygroscopic. Phakathi kokucindezelwa ngenxa Ukushisa amandla omlilo kwenzeka futhi umjikelezo komsebenzi. Ukuze ukulethwa diesel ku amasilinda sihambisana Imibhobho esemzimbeni futhi umfutho ophakeme fuel futha. Imibhobho esemzimbeni Ngaphakathi ukukhwezwa plunger yesifunda, senzelwe sishaye. Early udizili ukuthungela kunqunywa ngezizathu ezifanayo uphethiloli izinjini. Ngomsebenzi wokugqokwa okuzisholo kudingeka ulungise ophezulu futha actuation we plungers zenzeka ngaphakathi kobubanzi Kunconywa. Ukuze ufunde ezisebenza ingcindezi futha, komunye imigqa fuel kudingeka uxhume gauge ingcindezi. izinga spray kuncike isimo inhlangano injector plunger. Uma izingxenye izici injector zisesimweni esibi, kuba isiqiniseko wokuthinta nekusebenta sokuphehla amandla. Ukuze ulungise amagugu ngokulinganisa of umjovo fuel esikhundleni amapayipi exhunywe kwi-futha ecacile plastic tube. Lapho ebonakalayo crankshaft ngokuvumelana amalebula ke izobonwa kulokho yokuma pistons yokuthi zinikwa.

Indlela ukufaka ukuthungela

Itjhuguluko kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi injini lutho. Kudingeka ukulungiselela isethi ledzingekako okhiye (13 38). Ngemva kwalokho, Ukudilizwa amakhandlela bahlola isimo sabo. electrode Jwayelekile abe umbala obomvu. Uma umbala simnyama, kubalulekile ukuba ukushintsha ukuhlunga emoyeni futhi ukuhlanza izingxenye odala ube yinhlansi. Kuyadingeka ukusetha piston at TDC ka uMbhalo lokuqala ngu ukujikeleza crankshaft. Udinga qondanisa uphawu unit and ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza. Kukhona izimpawu eshiwo TDC futhi BDC. Ngezinye block has amamaki ezintathu elisho isikhathi 10 ukuthungela, 5 futhi 0 degrees. Ukuze operation evamile, engela ukuhola 5 degrees ofanele. Ngemva kokwenza manipulation idatha ku instal suppositories wokuhlanza okhiye namanye amadivayisi ukuthi kukhona ayifanele isimiso sokutshuza. Khumbula ukuthi amasilinda injini ninga- eyodwa, futhi ube inqubo ngokucacile esichaziwe umsebenzi pair. Uma piston lokuqala kunikezwa unhlangothi kokucindezelwa, kuyilapho umlingani walo - uMbhalo lesithathu noma lesine - lisasesimweni efanayo.

Kanjani ukulungisa isikhathi inhlansi impendulo

Lokhu kuzodinga ezikhumulweni nge isibani bese kuqaliswa ukhiye ukuze kuhlukaniswe tramblera. Omunye wire phambili kumele exhunywe kwi-low voltage ikhoyili, kanti eyesibili - isisindo. Isibani ngeke isebenze njengophawu voltmeter. Ukuvula ukhiye e ukhiye kudingekile ukwenza ukushintsha phezu ukuthungela. Ezezindlu tramblera kuyodingeka baphendukele ohlangothini ngokwewashi kuze kube yilapho isibani sivale. inhlansi Ibe kuzosho okwamanje ukuthungela. Khona-ke udinga ukushintshanisa umzimba kolunye uhlangothi kuze kube yilapho isibani ngeke kukhanye futhi. Manje kubalulekile ukwenza ukusebenza ukulungisa, futhi lokhu kulungiselelwa usuphothuliwe. Manje, ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukukhomba ukuthungela sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka, akunankinga.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba ufake control unit electronic

Kungenzeka ukufaka kumadivayisi esinjalo izimoto nge inkinobho contact hlobo. Of lezo zinguquko uzodinga imali, kodwa umphumela etholwe kuzovumela abuyisele zonke izindleko. Ukufakwa iyunithi kuzovumela:

- ukunciphisa umsindo;

- ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle usizo motor;

- ukusetshenziswa uphethiloli nge ezahlukene octane ngaphandle ukulimala sokuphehla amandla;

- sifinyelele enkulu traction namandla izici;

- ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle;

- ukunciphisa petrol;

- zivumelana nezimfuneko zemvelo (ekushayweni ukuncipha izinto eziyingozi);

- ukuqapha kwemigomo injini.

Uma usebenzisa lolu phiko akudingeki ukucabanga, indlela ukucacisa ukuthungela kamuva noma ngaphambili, kuyokwenziwa konke ngokuzenzekela.

Ukubeka uhlobo ukuziqalela-non-contact

Ukukhomba izinkinga kwenzekani ekushayeleni izimo nge injini efudumele. Lapho imoto ukuphuthumisa, udinga ukunikeza igesi ngokucijile ke uzozwa umsindo piston pin, Ngokuqhubeka ngesikhathi ukudayela okusheshayo. Uma kuzokuthatha, zidinga distributor uphendukisa kusuka kwesokunxele kuya kwesokudla ngomunye degree. Uma kungekho umsindo ebiyelwe detonation kudingeka ngiphendukele kolunye uhlangothi nge esilinganayo. Isikhathi detonation kumele kube ngemizuzwana emibili. Ukunemba izilungiselelo kungase kuxhomeke nokuhleleka okuhle futhi ukuhlinzwa evamile kohlelo amafutha kanye lemifanekiso air, okuyinto ushintshe yonke amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane 10.

Ngakho, thina esiphethweni indlela yokubona ukuthungela sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kuka.