Inethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu: ukubalwa kwamandla, umdwebo weshaya

Akuwona wonke umuntu emgwaqweni oqonda ukuthi yiziphi izifunda zombane. Ezingxenyeni, zingu-99% isigaba esisodwa, lapho okwamanje kugeleza kumthengi ngethoni eyodwa, futhi ubuyela kwenye (zero). Inethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu isistimu yokudlulisela yamanje kagesi egeleza ngezintambo ezintathu ngokubuya okulodwa. Lapha, ucingo lokubuyisela alugcini ngokweqile ngenxa yeshintsho samanje sesigaba. Ukwenziwa kombane kuqhutshwa i-generator eqhutshwa yi-drive yangaphandle.

Ukwandiswa komthwalo esifundeni kubangela ukwanda kwamandla amanje adlulayo ngokusebenzisa i-generator ye generator. Ngenxa yalokho, insimu yamagnetic imelana kakhulu nokujikeleza kwe-shaft drive. Inani lezinguquko liqala ukunciphisa, futhi umlawuli wokulawula ijubane uyala ukukhulisa amandla okushayela, isibonelo ngokusondeza okunye ukushisa engxenyeni yangaphakathi yomlilo. Inani lejika libuyiselwa, futhi ugesi owenziwe ukhiqizwa.

Uhlelo lwesigaba sesithathu luyizifunda ezintathu ezine-EMF yemvamisa efanayo kanye nesigaba sokushintsha se-120 °.

Izici zamandla okuxhuma endlini yangasese

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi inethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu endlini yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Eqinisweni, umkhawulo uhlelwe yinhlangano yokunikezela amandla futhi inqunywa yizici:

• Amakhono omhlinzeki;
• Inombolo yabathengi;
• Isimo somugqa nemishini.

Ukuvimbela ama-spikes ama-spikes nokuphazamiseka kwesigaba, kufanele zilayishwe ngokulinganayo. Ukubalwa kwesistimu yesigaba sesithathu kufinyeleleke, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi amadivayisi azoxhunyiwe okwamanje. Ukutholakala kwamadivayisi we-pulse manje kuholela ekwandeni kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuqala kwawo.

I-switchboard yokuphawula enexhumano lwesigaba esithathu ithathwa njengamakhulu kunezigaba ezilodwa. Ukuhlukahluka kungenzeka ngokufaka i-flap encane yokuvula, nokunye okunye - kusuka epulasitiki kuya kwesinye isigaba kanye nokwakhiwa.

Ukuxhumeka komugqa oyinhloko kutholakala ngendlela engaphansi komhlaba nangomugqa ophezulu. Okuthandwayo kunikezwa kulabo abagcina ngenxa yemali encane yomsebenzi, izindleko eziphansi zokuxhumana nokulula kokulungisa.

Manje uxhumano lomoya lukulungele ukukwenza ngocingo olusekelayo oluxhasayo (SIP). I-cross-section encane yomgogodla we-aluminium ngu-16 mm ² , okwanele indlu yangasese enegama elikhulu.

I-SIP igxile ezintweni ezisekelwayo nodonga lendlu ngosizo lwe-brackets e-anchor nge-clamps. Ukuxhumeka komugqa womoya ophezulu kanye nekhebula lokufakelwa ebhodini lombane lendlu lenziwa ngokuthinta izibopho zokubhoboza. Ikhebula lithathwe ngokufaka uphawu olungenakushisa (ВВГнг) futhi lwenziwa ngepayipi yensimbi efakwe odongeni.

Uxhumano lwe-air of power phase phase supply ekhaya

Ngesikhathi esivela ekusekelweni okuseduze kunamamitha angu-15, okunye okuthunyelwe kuyadingeka. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umthwalo obangelwa ukugoqa noma ukuqhuma ucingo.

Ukuphakama kwephuzu lokuxhuma ku-2.75 m nangaphezulu.

IKhabhinethi yokusabalalisa kagesi

Ukuxhumeka kunethiwekhi yesigaba ezintathu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwephrojekthi, lapho indlu ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu wabathengi:

• Ukukhanyisa;
• Izisekelo;
• Hlanganisa amadivayisi anamandla.

Imithwalo ethile ingavaliwe ukuze ilungiswe ngenkathi abanye besebenza.

Amandla wabathengi abalwa eqenjini ngalinye, lapho ucingo lwe-cross-section edingekayo lukhethiwe: 1.5 mm ² - ukukhanyisa, 2.5 mm ² - ngezinyawo futhi kufika ku-4 mm ² - kumadivayisi anamandla.

I-wiring ivikelwe ngokungahambisani nesifundazwe esifushane nokugqithiswa ngama-breakers wesifunda.

Amanothi kagesi

Kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuxhumana, imitha yokusebenzisa amandla iyadingeka. I-meter yesigaba esinga-3 ingaxhunyaniswa ngqo kumathini (uxhumano oluqondile) noma nge-transformer ye-voltage (okungaqondile), lapho ukufundwa kwezinto kuyenziwa khona.

Kubalulekile ukulandela inqubo yokuxhuma, lapho izinombolo ezingakaze zibe namandla, ngisho nemithwalo. Umbala wezintambo uboniswa enchazweni, futhi isifunda sifakwe esikhwameni sangemuva sedivayisi. Okufakwayo kanye nokukhipha okuhambisanayo kwe-counter-phase counter kuboniswa ngombala owodwa. I-oda evamile kakhulu yokujoyina, lapho izigaba zihamba kuqala, ne-wire - zero yokugcina.

Ishintsho esine-3-step for home ejwayelekile senzelwe amandla kuze kube ngu-60 kW.

Ngaphambi kokukhetha imodeli yamanani amaningi, kufanele uvumelane ngale nkinga ngenkampani yokunikezela amandla. Amadivaysi anamuhla anamadivaysi okushaja akwazi ukubala imali kagesi kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, ukubhalisa nokurekhoda amanani wamandla ngesikhathi.

Izici zokushisa zezinsimbi zikhethwa ngokubanzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokwesilinganiso, zivela kusuka -20 kuya ku-50 ° C. Ukuphila kwemisebenzi yamadivayisi kufinyelela eminyakeni engu-40 nge-inter-calibration interval of 5-10 years.

Imitha ixhumeke ngemuva kokufaka i-breaker ye-triple noma ye-pole circuit breaker.

Umthwalo wesigaba esithathu

Abathengi bahlanganisa amabhuyili kagesi, ama-motors kagesi angafani nezinye izinto zikagesi. Inzuzo yokuyisebenzisa ukusabalalisa okufanako komthwalo esigabeni ngasinye. Uma inethiwekhi yesigaba esinezintambo ezinezigaba eziphezulu ezingaxhunyiwe, lokhu kungaholela ekuphambeni kwesigaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amadivaysi kagesi aqala ukungasebenzi, futhi izibani zokukhanyisa zikhanya kancane.

I-Scheme yokuxhuma imoto yesigaba esithathu kunethiwekhi yesigaba ezintathu

Ukusebenza kwamamori amathathu kagesi kagesi kubonakala ngokusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle. Asikho isidingo sokwethulwa okwengeziwe. Ukuze usebenze evamile, kubalulekile ukuxhuma kahle idivayisi bese ulandela zonke izincomo.

Ukuxhumeka kwe-motor phase phase kuya kwenethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu kudala insimu ejikelezayo yamagnetic ngezinkanyezi ezintathu ezixhunywe inkanyezi noma unxantathu.

Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo. Isifunda sezinkanyezi sivumela ukuqala kahle kwe-injini, kodwa amandla ayo anciphisa ama-30%. Lokhu kulahlekelwa akukho emjikelezweni wesigcawu, kodwa ekuqaleni-up umthwalo wamanje ukhulu kakhulu.

Izinjini zinebhokisi lokuxhuma lapho kutholakala khona ukuhamba okuhambayo. Uma kukhona ezintathu, isifunda sixhunywe kuphela inkanyezi. Uma kukhona izikhonkwane eziyisithupha, le moto ingaxhunyiwe nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla

Kubalulekile ukuba umninikhaya azi ukuthi ingakanani amandla asetshenzisiwe. Kulula ukubala ngazo zonke izinto zikagesi. Ngemva kokuhlanganisa wonke amandla nokuhlukanisa umphumela ngo-1000, sithola ukusetshenziswa okuphelele, isibonelo 10 kW. Imishini yamandla kagesi, isigaba esisodwa kuphela sanele. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kuyanda kakhulu endlini yangasese, lapho kukhona khona inqubo enamandla. Idivayisi eyodwa ingaba ne-4-5 kW.

Kubalulekile ukuhlela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla enethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu esigabeni sokuklama ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulinganisa emigodini kanye nemifudlana.

Ekhaya kuza ucingo lwezintambo ezine ngezinhlangothi ezintathu nokungathathi hlangothi. I-voltage yenethiwekhi kagesi ngu- 380/220 V. Phakathi kwezigaba nocingo olungathathi hlangothi , izinto zikagesi zixhunywe ku-220 V. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba nomthwalo wesigaba esithathu.

Ukubalwa kwamandla enethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu kwenziwa kwezinye izingxenye. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukubala imithwalo yesigaba esilandelayo, isibonelo isibhotela sikagesi esingu-15 kW kanye nesithuthuthu sokungena ku-3 kW. Amandla angeke abe P = 15 + 3 = 18 kW. Esikhathini somqhubi wesigaba, ukuhamba kwamanje I = Px1000 / (√3xUxcosφ). Izindlela zogesi zendlu kagesi cosφ = 0,95. Ukubeka amanani amanani kufomula, sithola inani lamanje I = 28.79 A.

Manje imithwalo yesigaba esisodwa kufanele iqunywe. Ake sithi ngezigaba ziyiP _A = 1.9 kW, P _B = 1.8 kW, P _C = 2.2 kW. Umthwalo oxutshwe unqunywe ukushiswa futhi unama-23.9 kW. Umthamo omkhulu uzoba mina = 10.53 A (isigaba C). Ukwengeza okwamanje kusuka kumthwalo wesigaba esithathu, sithola I _C = 39.32 A. Izimpondo ezisezintabeni ezisele ziyoba nguB _B = 37.4 kW, I _A = 37.88 A.

Ekubala amandla enethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu, kulula ukusebenzisa amatafula wamandla mayelana nohlobo lokuxhumana.

Kungcono ukuthi bakhethe amadivayisi wokuzivikela futhi banqume ukugoqa kwesigaba sokubambisana.

Isiphetho

Ngokuklama nokulungiswa okufanelekile, inethiwekhi yesigaba esithathu iyilungele ikhaya langasese. Ikuvumela ukuba usakaze ngokulinganayo umthwalo phezu kwezigaba bese uxhuma amandla engeziwe kulabo abathengi kagesi, uma ingxenye yesigatshana sezimvume zokubambisana.