Ingqikithi ugesi. Ugesi - lena ...

Ugesi - ihamba indlela ethile ukugeleza nezinhlayiya. Banezinhliziyo icala elithile. Ngenye indlela, ugesi - amandla, okuyinto etholakala uma ushayela, kanye ukukhanyisa, kokuvela emva amandla. Igama elithi langena usosayensi uWilliam Gilbert ngo-1600. Lapho siqhuba ucwaningo nge amber yamaGreki asendulo Thales wathola ukuthi amaminerali Uthola kwenkokhelo. "U-Amber" ngesiGreki lisho "electron". Yingakho kubaluleke igama.

Ugesi - lena ...

Ngokusebenzisa ugesi, emhlabeni babashayeli noma imigwamanda zamanje banezimfanelo icala kudala ensimini kagesi. Ngaye ithuba ukusebenza kweminye imizimba, nakho abe necala elithile.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi amacala kukhona emihle nemibi. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuqhekeka ezivamile, kodwa uphawu lwawo futhi uqhubeke umlando wamanje.

Uma umzimba icala okufanayo, abayosunduzelwa futhi, uma ehlukene - bakhangwa.

Ingqikithi amandla ayixhomekile kuphela ukudalwa inkambu kagesi. Kukhona kazibuthe. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo.

kamuva Kusasele iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, e 1729, Stiven Gray yathola ukuthi kukhona umzimba, has a ukumelana esikhulu kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuqhuba i kagesi.

Njengamanje, ugesi kakhulu waziphatha wokushintsha kwamandla nokwakheka kwezinto. Kodwa ukufunda sekusele quantum izakhiwo kagesi, wokushintsha kwamandla nokwakheka kwezinto quantum.

indaba

Kungaba uyibize ngokuthi indoda ethile eyathola lesi simo. Phela, ucwaningo uyaqhubeka ukukhomba izakhiwo ezintsha kuze kube yilolu suku. Kodwa isayensi, esiyihambayo ezifundiswa esikoleni, ngokuthi amagama ambalwa.

Kukholakala ukuthi owokuqala owaba nesithakazelo ugesi, kwakuyisazi sefilosofi Thales, owayehlala eGrisi lasendulo. Lokhu wayephulula amber ngokumelene uvolo ngabukela umzimba uqala ukuheha.

Khona-ke u-Aristotle wafunda eels, hit izitha, beqaphela kamuva, ugesi.

Kamuva, uPliny wabhalela mayelana izakhiwo kagesi resin.

A eminingana ethakazelisayo baye enikezwa Queen of England udokotela, uWilliam Gilbert.

Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu lesikhombisa, ngemva kokuba wayaziwa ngani igama elithi "ugesi", kusho iMeya Otto von Guericke yasungulwa umshini electrostatic.

Ekhulwini nesishiyagalombili, Franklin wadala yonke imfundiso yokuziphendukela lomkhuba, othi ugesi - a eqhubeka uketshezi noma uketshezi.

Ngaphezu laba bantu, lolu daba lihlotshaniswa namagama ezifana adumile njengoba:

• elengayo;
• Galvani;
• volt angu;
• Faraday;
• Maxwell;
• amperes;
• Lodygin;
• Edison;
• Hertz;
• Thomson;
• Claude.

Naphezu umnikelo wabo obungenakuphikwa kuya ezinamandla kakhulu ososayensi emhlabeni kufanele aqaphele Nikola Tesla.

Nikola Tesla

Usosayensi wazalelwa emndenini BaseSerbia Umpristi ongumOrthodox kulokho manje Croatia. Eminyakeni eyisithupha, umfana wathola lo mkhuba ngokuyisimangaliso uma udlala nge cat black: emuva kwalo ngokuzumayo wokhela umugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuyinto ubephelezelwa izinhlansi lapho wathinta. Ngakho umfana uqala ukufunda ngalokho "ugesi". Lokhu kunqunywa okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo lonke.

Usosayensi basonta okusungulile kanye imisebenzi yesayensi ku:

• AC;
• ether;
• resonance;
• theory emkhakheni;
• umsakazo kanye neminye imikhakha.

Abaningi ukuhlobanisa lo mcimbi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Tunguska kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, okuthiwa Nikola Tesla, uma ucabanga ukuthi ukuqhuma elikhulu eSiberia akuzange kudalwe kokuwa umzimba cosmic, futhi okuhlangenwe nakho ekusebenziseni.

ugesi ezingokwemvelo

Ngesinye isikhathi kwakukhona umbono emphakathini ngokwesayensi ukuthi ugesi ungekho nemvelo. Kodwa le nguqulo inqatshelwe uma isimo kagesi umbani esasungulwa Franklin.

Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe yaqala synthesize amino acid, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuphila kwase kubonakala. Litholakala ukuthi ukunyakaza, emishinini yokuphefumula, nezinye izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni, uvuke yisifiso ezinzwa okungukuthi kagesi endalweni.

Izinhlanzi abadumile - imisebe kagesi - kanti ezinye nezinye izinhlobo avikelekile ngale ndlela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi hit isisulu ngakolunye.

isicelo

uxhumano kagesi kwenzeka ukusebenza ugesi. Ngamandla kudala amandla adluliselwe yizintambo ekhethekile. Ugesi ekhiqizwa ngokuguqula yangaphakathi noma amandla mechanical ibe amandla kagesi. Zokusebenzela ukuthi khiqiza it, lapho kukhona ukuxhumana noma ukunqamuka kukagesi, kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• umoya;
• solar;
• olwandle;
• amandla kagesi;
• zenuzi ezishisayo kanye nabanye.

uxhumano kagesi okwenzeka cishe kuyo yonke indawo. Cabanga ukuthi ukuphila kunganjani ngaphandle ndoda wanamuhla bengayi. Ngosizo kukagesi okukhiqizwa ukukhanyisa, ulwazi idluliselwa ngocingo, umsakazo, i-TV ... Ngalo usebenza ezokuthutha efana trams, trolley amabhasi, izitimela, ongaphansi komhlaba izitimela. Babonakala ngaphezulu Ngesibindi ngokwabo izimoto kagesi.

Uma ugesi isicimile endlini, umuntu ngokuvamile iba olungenakuzisiza izindaba ezahlukene, njengoba ngisho zasendlini ezisebenza ngokusebenzisa le amandla.

imfihlakalo ezingaxazululeki Tesla

I izakhiwo izenzakalo wafunda kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Humanity wafunda indlela yokuqhuba ugesi, usebenzisa kwimithombo ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kwaba lula kakhulu ekuphileni kwabo. Noma kunjalo, esikhathini esizayo, abantu kusadingeka eningi okutholakele ezihlobene ugesi.

Ezinye zazo kungenzeka ngisho sezivele zenziwe aziwayo Nikoloy Tesloy, kodwa ukuthi liye labizwa noma ubhujiswe kuye. Wokuphila bathi ekupheleni impilo iningi okufakiwe usosayensi ashisiwe siqu sakhe, ngoba siqaphela ukuthi isintu ayikalungi ngabo futhi kungalimaza yena, usebenzisa lokhu ayekutholile njengoba Isikhali esinamandla kunazo zonke.

Kodwa ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, kunenkolelo yokuthi ingxenye amarekhodi zashaqwa US bezobunhloli. Izindaba ezaziwayo US Navy ngumbhubhisi "Aldridge", okuyinto hhayi kuphela kwadingeka ikhono abonakale radar, kodwa futhi kweso wathutha emkhathini. Kunobufakazi ukuhlola, ngemva kwalokho crew wafa, enye ingxenye sinyamalale, futhi abasinda liyahlanya.

Noma kunjalo, kusobala ukuthi bonke izimfihlakalo ugesi ingakamiswa kudalulwe. Ngakho, isintu Kuwukuziphatha okungalungile okwamanje sikulungele.