Inhloko-dolobha ye-Sicily. Izikhangibavakashi Photo

Lesi siqhingi wase- Sicily (Sicilia, Italy), izinto amabhishi ezithatha izigidi zezivakashi minyaka yonke, bahlangana endaweni yayo kukhona ezikhumbuzo eziningi emlandweni futhi yokwakha ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu izinkathi ezahlukene impucuko womuntu. Inhloko-dolobha yaso libizwa Palermo. Mayelana-ke ngokuningiliziwe futhi Kuzoxoxwa.

Incazelo Jikelele komuzi

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, inhloko-dolobha yase-Sicily (Italy) - Palermo. Lihlanzekile leli dolobha futhi elinye lamalokishi endala kulo lonke leli zwe. Kuyinto echwebeni ngobukhulu e-Italy, njengoba ngokuya bakhona endaweni yesihlanu ku isimo. Ikakhulukazi, njengoba namhlanje lapha uhlala mayelana 655 000 izakhamuzi. Palermo itholakala ogwini Mediterranean, engxenyeni esempumalanga yalesi siqhingi, eduze kweNtaba Pellegrino. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga kuqhathaniswa abasha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izindlu lapha kuyabiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne ezimaphakathi. Idolobha lonke kungenziwa ngokuthi kunezinxushunxushu ezinomsindo futhi ezimibalabala. It inama simo esiyingqayizivele, abantu abanobungane, izakhiwo amahle ukudla okumnandi.

Umbuzo oyinhloko isithakazelo kubo bonke abavakashi ukuvakashela okungukuthi Palermo (inhlokodolobha yeSisili) - indlela ukuya phambili edolobheni. Kuyinto elula kakhudlwana ukukwenza indiza. Ngeshwa, izindiza ngqo ezweni lethu kulesi siqhingi kungukuthi enikeziwe. Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuba afeze indiza kuhlanganiswe ngokusebenzisa eRome noma Milan Venice.

Umlando base futhi abanqobi lokuqala

Ngokusho Umlando olusemthethweni, idolobha yasungulwa abaseFenike ngo-734 BC. Ekuqaleni wawubizwa ngokuthi Sus, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "imbali". Ngenxa isikhundla salo okuyo ngokushesha lakhiwa commerce futhi ukuhweba. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho kwabonakala echwebeni, kamuva elaba main yokupaka yemikhumbi waseCarthage. Lokhu, washesha nakakhulu ngendlela. Kusukela ngafika lapha 254, amaRoma, umuzi waphenduka yisilulu sokusanhlamvu wangempela umbuso. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kwakungelona isikhathi esingcono zokuphila kwakhe, futhi kancane kancane yawela kwamazinyo. Kuzoqalwa nge-iminyaka 535 ibusa baseByzantium, kodwa isimo ayikashintshi.

isikhathi Arabic

Ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye, idolobha incotjwa Saracens, lawo ngokushesha wamemezela ukuthi Palermo - inhloko-dolobha Sicily. Umlando sokuthuthuka, kusukela kulo mzuzwana, waphenduka kwenye indawo ngokuphelele. Umuzi yasheshe lisebukhazikhazini balo samanje futhi iguqulwe ibe ngelinye lamavesi abaluleke kunawo wonke yezitolo zonke kahle noLwandle LwaseMedithera. Phakathi nokubusa Saracens lapha yayakhiwe amathempeli ezingaphezu kuka-300. Kanye nalezi abahlaseli hhayi wajaha wonke amaKristu futhi amaJuda, ngakho-mlando shayela le nkathi ukubekezelelana. Nama-Arabhu lapha beza ubuchwepheshe obusha ukunisela. Kwakukhona edumile emhlabeni ezisawolintshi zeminqumo.

Norman inkathi

Ngo 1072 esiqhingini saseSicily (kuhlanganisa nenhlokodolobha) lathunjwa amaviyo Norman King Ruggero D'Altavilly. Ababusi abasha babeke baba abahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi enza izinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavumela abantu bendawo Aboriginal ukuba silondoloze uphawu lwabo. Ngo 1130 khona yasungulwa uMbuso Sicily, nenhloko-dolobha yalo okwakuseduze layo umuzi Palermo. Umklamo kwesikhathi Norman, kungenye isiqinisekiso nezimo olukhulu balesi sikhathi, amasiko endawo, ngoba ngokuvumelanayo obumbene walilondoloza Roman, WaseByzantium, Arab noNorman izitayela ezintsha.

isikhathi-Spanish

Ngo 1266 edolobheni iwine Karl Anzhuysky. Nokho, eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu kamuva, abantu balapha wayihlubuka uhulumeni ezaholela ekumiseni impi. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi lapho ngizoqothulwa konke French. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu waqala inkathi yokubusa Spanish. 1618 kwaphawula ukuqala yaseYurophu neMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu. Le nkathi kwaba okungekuhle futhi esiqhingini saseSicily. Enhloko-dolobha, kanye neminye imizi, wahlushwa izintela ezimba eqolo, futhi mubi nakakhulu isimo isivuno singesihle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, yokuzondwa Spanish wakhula, okuholela kwafika nomunye kuvukela phakathi bendawo. Ngenxa yalokho, kwathiwa yahlakazeka ngu Umkhandlu Wezigele, bese ngihlaliswa izintela. Nokho, maduze nje lo Viceroy wabuya amalungelo abo futhi yethulwa izinyathelo eziqinile maqondana izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo.

Ngo 1734, ashaqe amandla esiqhingini yilabo abamele Bourbons. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, babhalisa Kingdom Naples ne Sicily, bamemezela uMbuso lo Sicilies ababili.

Italy

Ngo-May 1860, izisebenzi zokuzithandela kanye eziyinkulungwane lawela phezu esiqhingini Dzhuzeppe Garibaldi. Ngo ezintathu nje izinsuku yabambana ngezihluthu, idolobha umaluju futhi aba yingxenye Italy onobunye. Phakathi namashumi eminyaka edlule olandelayo, njalo kwakukhona izibhelu, ukuvukela futhi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho abakhileyo esiqhingini kancane ukujwayelana kwavumela ukuba ne umbuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakukhona mafia edumile emhlabeni wonke Sicilia, okuyinto ekuqaleni asekelwe amandla abalimi abanikazi bamazwe.

Uma ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, Palermo alilimalanga, bese phakathi inhlokodolobha Umhlaba Okwesibili yeSisili, yena yabekwa esigamekweni sokuqhunyiswa okuphindiwe amabutho azihlanganisa. Abantwana Basethempelini ngenkathi kukhona izakhamuzi zendawo engaphezu kuka-14 eziyinkulungwane. Esikhathini zamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, idolobha wabhekana wave kwabokufika abeza beyofuna umsebenzi. Babengenazo yokukhosela, ngakho ngalesi sikhathi kwakukhona boom isakhiwo lapha, wehlela emlandweni ngokuthi "uyincithakalo Palermo." Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba acekela ezakhiwe eliyingqayizivele futhi izakhiwo esakhiweni lapho kwakukhona multi-storey indlu ukhonkolo kanye yokupaka izimoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhungo ethintekile kakhulu lahlala lingamanxiwa. Bendzawo landa ngamaphesenti cishe 20% kule minyaka.

incazelo Jikelele ezikhangayo

Ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-Palermo-wajikijela ezivulekile Museum. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba lapha kukhona 295 Izindlwana kanye namasonto, okwesine okuyinto ngaphambili zezindela. Lezi izikhumbuzo uqhosha lonke elase-Italy, futhi ikakhulukazi abakhileyo esiqhingini saseSicily. Izikhangibavakashi (umlando ezinye zazo iphindela engaba izinkulungwane ezintathu eminyakeni) zadalwa bedle namasiko ehlukene kanye nangenkathi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umuzi ithole charm yayo sibonga kwepulani ezithakazelisayo: kukhona ezitaladini ezimbili eziyinhloko zendawo ahlelwe perpendicular komunye nomunye nakubo aphambana e-Square Kvantro Kanti ezavela ekhulwini lesikhombisa. Kabanzi izindawo ezibalulekile kakhulu emzini kuchazwe lapha ngezansi.

lombhishobhi

Omunye ezikhangayo esemqoka, okuyinto uqhosha inhlokodolobha yeSisili, kubhekwa Cathedral Palermo. bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo is kanyekanye wafaka Arabhu noNorman isitayela kanye Baroque futhi Gothic. Ngokwe-Ucwaningo olwenziwe, kungenxa yokuthi lesi sakhiwo kabusha baphinde balungisa kabusha isakhiwo izikhathi eziningana. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kwaba ekuqaleni kule sayithi esontweni WaseByzantium iguqulwe ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye-Arabhu lamaSulumane. Ngemva Norman kokunqotshwa komuzi kwathiwa abazinikele e wokudumisa iNcasakazi. Ekhulwini yeshumi nambili, umbhishobhi wendawo esakhiwe lapha Cathedral, okuyinto ezako eminyaka ayisikhombisa, ngokuphindaphindiwe lakhiwa futhi lanwetshwa. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo wuletheni yazuza 1801.

Church of La Martorana

Igama elisemthethweni le Palermo ezikhangayo kuzwakala iSonto Santa Maria del Ammiralo. Itholakala kwi isikwele Bellini futhi lakhiwa Normans ekhulwini weshumi nambili. Ukubukeka wethempeli futhi usebhekene emlandweni walo izinguquko eziningi. Kuze kube namuhla aye wasigcina ngayo kuqala ingaphakathi basembhoshongweni insimbi. Ingaphakathi Yisimanga ngokuba ehlukile wena kanye nenkazimulo yawo. amazwi Specific bafanelwe Norman-WaseByzantium yamatshe ukuthi kuhlobisa izindonga Dome. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka nesishiyagalolunye, abazange elahlekile ukukhanya imibala. Leli qiniso kuyisimangaliso ngokuthi ngisho nososayensi.

catacombs we Capuchins

Luhambo Ayindida Iningi futhi ongaqondakali, osekuyinhloko yeSisili, kubhekwe catacombs we Capuchins. Ziyakwazi yokungcwaba lasendulo ngaphansi sezindela efanayo. Ngenxa sezulu eziyingqayizivele emihumeni zendawo, umzimba sabafileyo wangcwatshwa isikhathi esisukela nane yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, zasinda. Sekukonke ke, kukhona angaba yizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili ezidunjini ezomisiwe zabantu okwakungokwenkosi amakilasi ezahlukene (izindela, abapristi, imibhangqwana, abantu abacebile izingane). Nakuba catacombs zitholakala ngaphandle komuzi, ungathola ngisho lapha ngezinyawo. Le ndawo kubhekwa omunye ethandwa kakhulu yizivakashi e Palermo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kutuswa ukuba uvakashele kuphela abantu banelukuluku lokwazi kakhulu nge nezinzwa eqinile.

Palace of the Normans

amazwi Specific ofanelwe Norman Palace. emehlweni akhe wokuqala isakhiwo silula. Kodwa lapho udle okuvelayo kokuqala kuye siyashintsha kakhulu. Lokhu kuvula up a ingaphakathi zikanokusho izivakashi. Ezinye amakamelo ziye zalondolozwa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni, kodwa ingxenye enkulu enqabeni inkathi Spanish zase zimile. Namuhla, lapha ihlala ephalamende wendawo. Esitezi sesibili iyona LasePalatine Chapel, ogama izindonga ahlotshiswe yamatshe anikezelwe izifundo zeBhayibheli. It is ngaphakathi izingcweti zendawo WaseByzantium esikhathini kusukela nambili ngekhulu nanhlanu. Ayikho into efana naleli ayikwazi ukutholwa ngisho eConstantinople amathempeli lasendulo.

Amanye amabandla abadumile

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Sicily, Palermo linezinhlamvu eziningana, enye yazo ubhekwa iSonto San Giovanni del Eremitti, elakhiwa e-1142. Okwamanje, ungabona sarcophagi eziningana yasebukhosini kanye ne-royal, kanye nalezo ezitholakala ezintweni emathuneni amakhosi ubucwebe.

Lebandleni St Francis Assizkogo eziningi zobuciko. Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene bedalwa yabadwebi abadumile njengoba Giacomo Serpotta, Gagini umndeni, Francesco Laurana, Pietro Novelli nabanye.

isonto Admiral kwakwakhiwe e 1143, ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi Roger II. Leli gama ithole ngokuqondene nalokho yakhiwa kulesi imali Admiral Georga Antiohiyskogo. Okunabileko nansi iqoqo eliyingqayizivele izinsalela, phakathi kwawo - indida lasendulo nge ngomfanekiso wakhe.

A gem wangempela Sicilia Baroque kungenziwa ngokuthi ithempeli kaJesu, ogama laqala ukwakha e 1590. Ngo 1636 wayethethelela ngayingcwelisa, futhi 1892 - waklonyeliswa isimo amagugu esizwe.

Ezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, inhloko-dolobha Sicily, idume hhayi kuphela, amathempeli akhona nezigodlo. Kukhona nezinye izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo ezikhanga izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Ngokwesibonelo, wavula ngo 1555, wakha umthombo ePitoli Florentine Mannerist Francesco Kamilyani. Ngo ngokwayo ke laqanjwa esakhiwa uchungechunge amachibi, ezingafani ngosayizi. Zizungezwe zemabula eziqoshiwe allegories, kumnandi izilo, izilwane kanye nezinhlamvu basezinganekwaneni.

Abantu abafuna ikhefu ezikhumbuzo ngokubabazekayo futhi izakhiwo ungavakashela Botanical Garden, ogama indawo iqoqo eliyingqayizivele izitshalo, okuyizinto abameleli wonke amazwekazi. Sekukonke kukhona kukhona amayunithi angaba yizinkulungwane 12.

Njengezinye izifunda eziningi e-Italy, eSicily uluthando omkhulu yezakhamuzi zendawo ukuze National Opera ezahlukene. Akumangazi ukuthi kukhona 21 yaseshashalazini. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi ezinhle kakhulu phakathi kwabo elimiswe 1897 "Teatro Massimo". Kuyinto isikhungo elikhulu lolu hlobo opera eYurophu umsindo kakhulu, kuyilapho ihlanganise kuze kube izibukeli abayizinkulungwane ezintathu.

Chaza kafushane zonke izinto edolobheni akukwazi - bamane kudingeka ukubona okungenani kanye ezimpilweni zabo.

zokungcebeleka Sicilia

Naphezu ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi isithakazelo izivakashi Palermo, zikhona yini ezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo futhi kuwufanele ngokuvakashela esiqhingini Sicily. Abantu abajwayele ukuvakasha kuyona amadolobha, ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo lapho, efana inhlokodolobha, abakwazi ukushiya nandaba ngisho abahambi eyinkimbinkimbi, kwanda ngasogwini.

Agridzhetto kuyinto resort ngobukhulu ogwini Mediterranean. Umuzi odumile kungasho neze kuphela iziphethu ezishisayo, kodwa futhi emabhishi amahle anesihlabathi. Kuhlanganisa iziqhingi ezintathu Pelagiyskih ezikhanga abathandi ebukeka esiyingqayizivele, yesikebhe, ukudoba diving.

Ogwini olusempumalanga ye siqhingi welula Catania, lapped by the Sea-Ionian. Luhambo Its main kubhekwa strip emabhishi kwakhiwa kusuka isihlabathi mlilo. Ubude bayo amakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye.

The yokungcebeleka eyinhloko Taormina zonke lesi siqhingi esifundazweni Messina wageza ngasemanzini we Tyrrhenian nolwase-Ionian. Isifunda idume emabhishi ayo, ethandwa kakhulu okuthiwa Spiaggia Sabbia-Nere. Ayiqamba ngokuphelele black isihlabathi mlilo.

Okunye zokungcebeleka ethandwa kucatshangwa Siracusa futhi Ragusa.