Biography kaGaribaldi Giuseppe namaqiniso athakazelisayo okuvela ekuphileni

Yini esizihlanganisa ne-Italy? Ngokujwayelekile, lezi izicathulo zesikhumba, izakhiwo eziphakeme kanye namagugu anamandla omlando. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona negama elingenakuqhathaniswa nokuxhunyaniswa nelizwe. Futhi ibizo elithi Giuseppe Garibaldi.

Izwe lakwabo

Le ndoda, eyaziwa njengeqhawe lesizwe lase-Italy, yazalwa e-Nice, namuhla yindawo yeFrance. Njengoba kunjalo namanani omlando, uGaribaldi Giuseppe uvela emndenini womkhumbi olula, okwakungakwazi ukushiya uphawu lwakhe kwi-biography yakhe. Njengoba esemncane, yena ngokwakhe wathola okunamathiselwe olwandle futhi waqhubeka ibhizinisi lomndeni, eqasha emkhunjini futhi eyokulima ama-expanses olwandle.

UGaribaldi Giuseppe wayengumfana wesibili emndenini, kodwa kusukela ebuntwaneni wayezungezwe ukunakekelwa, ukukhathazeka nothando, lapho abuyele khona. Njengengane, i-hero yesizwe ezayo yase-Italy yayinamathele kakhulu kunina futhi kamuva, ngokuziqhenya nokuhlonipha kwakhe kubiza ngokuthi "umlingisi wesifazane."

Ngokuqondene nobuhlobo noyise, uGaribaldi Giuseppe walondoloza kuye umuzwa okhethekile wokubonga konke okwakwenzelwe umkhumbi wamandulo. Othandwayo owakuthandayo akazange aphike ukuthi ngokuvamile umndeni wakhe uzitholile esimweni esinzima kakhulu, kodwa uyise uhlale ethola indlela yokubuyisela konke okujwayelekile futhi axazulule izinkinga ezikhona.

Imfundo yeqhawe lesizwe

Kungokwemvelo ukuthi akukho mbuzo wokukhuliswa kahle emndenini womkhumbi. UGiusppe osemusha akazange afunde ukuvivinya umzimba nokucingo, okwakuyinto evamile ngalezo zinsuku. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba uGaribaldi Giuseppe wabambelela emikhumbi, ngoba wayeyisize uyise kusukela esemncane.

Umdlalo wendabuko owodwa noma ongaphansi, owawukwazi ukukwazi ukubamba iqhaza ngesikhathi ebuntwaneni e-Italy, ebhukuda, uGiuseppe wanikeza kalula.

Ukuqeqeshwa

I-sciences yafundisa umfana abefundisi, okuyinto eyayivame kakhulu ePiedmont. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kule ndaba wayenenhlanhla kunabo bonke. Okokuqala, siyaqaphela ukuthi imfundo yeqhawe likazwelonke elizayo lalikhokhelwe kakhulu umfowabo omdala, okwakubaluleke kakhulu ukugxilisa uthando lukaSuppeppe wesayensi. Uphinde wasizwa ngemfundo yakhe kanye no-Arena, owafundisa lo mfana ukuba athande izwe lakhe, ulimi kanye namasiko.

Kwakuyi-Officer Arena eyamtshela ngezimpi ezidumile nobukhulu baseRoma, mayelana nobunzima nobunzima, ukunqoba nokufeza okwenzeka e-Italy ngenkathi kukhona. Kusobala ukuthi uGiuseppe Garibaldi, obunikazi bakhe buqukethe inani elikhulu kakhulu lamaqiniso angakholeki, wakhuliswa ezindabeni zabafundisi bakhe.

Inhliziyo enhle yeqhawe

Ngaphambi kokuba uqhubekele ezingxenyeni ezivuthiwe ze-biography yezintandokazi zabantu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wayehlala engumuntu womphefumulo obanzi, okwazi ukuhawukela futhi ozosiza esikhathini lapho kunesidingo. Ngisho nalapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala, uGippeppe Garibaldi, owaziwa yilo mlando, walondoloza impilo yomunye wesifazane wasesithandeni owawela emgodini wezindwangu zokuhlanza. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ekhishwe ukoma kwe-adventure, lo mfana waya esikebheni ukubona uGenoa enabantwana abathathu esikoleni. Umqondo wabafana wawuphumelele lapho bebanjwe ngomkhumbi owathunyelwa nguBaba uBeuseppe, owayekwazi ngobuqili.

Ngaphezu kwanoma yini emhlabeni, umfana wayethanda izwe lakhe kanye nolwandle olungenamkhawulo - ngokuphambene nethemba likayise, wanikela konke ebusheni bakhe ebhizinisini lomkhumbi, futhi esevele esemncane kakhulu, wafungela ukuthi uzofela izwe laseYatland.

Ukujika okucacile

Lokhu ukuthanda izwe elingenakuphikisana, okwazalwa esemncane enhliziyweni yomfana, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwashintsha isimo sakhe. UGiuseppe Garibaldi, owaziwa yilo biography esifushane angeke afake ingxenye yesigodi seqhawe lesizwe, ngokushesha wakhathala ngokuhweba nokuhweba njalo. Ingqondo nenhliziyo yakhe bazama ukuphilela okuhle eMlandeni.

Yingakho eshiya icala elijwayelekile futhi waya eMarseilles ngo-1831, lapho ehlangana khona nomngane wakhe omkhulu - Mazzini.

Umngane omusha

Le nsizwa i-hero yomlando wethu othole nje ukuthola ulimi oluvamile yaba yindabuko emndenini ohlakaniphile oyingcweti - uyise wayengudokotela futhi wayenemiqondo ecacile futhi ecacile yezombangazwe. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi wathola uthando lwezwe lakhe cishe nobisi lukanina.

UGiuseppe Garibaldi noGippeppe Mazzini bahluleka ukusiza ukuba babe abangane - okufana nemibono yabo emhlabeni kanye nokuphila ngokujwayelekile. Umlobi omncane kanye neqhawe likazwelonke elizayo lase-Italy, elambile inkululeko, ngokushesha bathola ulimi olufanayo futhi ngokushesha babonakala njengento eyodwa.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi esaziwayo noGiuseppe Garibaldi, iMazzini wayesevele ehilelekile emisebenzini yezombusazwe, ehola imiphakathi eminingi yokuthanda izwe, kuhlanganise ne "Young Italy", lapho kuqala umngane wakhe omusha.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuphenduleni izinguquko

Umsebenzi we-activist nezombangazwe uhlanganiswe ngokungahambisani nokuhamba okuholwa ngumngane wakhe nomgqugquzeli. KwakunguMazzini owaletha eGiuseppe Garibaldi, e-Italy, okwakungaphezu kwayo konke, ukuba ahlanganyele kulokho okuthiwa yiSanta Julien, okuyinto engazange iphumelele. Abanye abazalwane bokukholelwa baboshwa ngaleso sikhathi, futhi uGaribaldi ngokwakhe wayenendlela eyodwa kuphela - indiza esheshayo.

Wabuyela emuva emndenini wakhe uNic, kodwa ngokushesha wabuyela eMarseilles, lapho ehlangene khona neMazzini ugwetshwe ukufa, okwathi ngenhlanhla, wasinda ngempumelelo. Yini uGiuseppe Garibaldi alindele kamuva? I-biography emfushane yombhali wezombusazwe uqala ukuthi uchitha isikhathi esithile ngaphansi komhlaba, ngemuva kwalokho waqhubekela phambili ezenzweni ezisebenzayo.

Qala umsebenzi we-pirate

Ngemva kokuhluleka eMarseilles, umNtaliyane waya eRio de Janeiro, lapho, lapho ehlangene noRossini, wakwazi ukuhlomisa ngokushesha umkhumbi futhi aqoqe abasebenzi abancane. Umkhumbi, lapho ngaphansi kwamanye izimpahla kufihlwe izikhali ezimbalwa, wabizwa ngegama lomngane omdala nomgqugquzeli - "Mazzini."

Ngolunye lwezindiza olwandle, bahlangana nesigxobo esasithathwe ngaphandle kokulwa futhi sashintsha izidingo zabasebenzi bezishoshovu. Abaqeqeshi bemikhumbi abazange bahlupheke ngesikhathi esifanayo: ngemuva kokunquma ukufundisa ithimba labo isifundo, uGaribaldi wehlisa abagibeli esikebheni, wabanikeza ukudla futhi wakhululwa eduze nesiqhingi saseSt. Catherine. I-Mazzini yatshiswa ngezizathu zokuphepha.

I-Revolution ka-1848

Ukumelene kwe-Italy ne-Austria ngalesi sikhathi kwakunamandla kakhulu. UGiuseppe Garibaldi - u-revolutionary waseNtaliyane, i-patriot ne-activist-ngokwemvelo wayengeke akwazi ukuma eceleni futhi wanikeza ngokushesha izinsizakalo zakhe kuKarl Albert, owayebe esebusa ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa wenqatshelwa. Esikhundleni salokho, wayenethuba lokuqoqa inhlangano yamavolontiya futhi ahlanganyele empini nama-Austrian.

Ngemva kokuzibonakalisa ekulweni okwenziwa umlawuli onesibindi futhi onesibindi, maduzane kwakudingeka angene eSwitzerland ngenxa yokuphakama okubalulekile kwesitha. Ngaleso sikhathi waba ngumuntu owaziwa kakhulu e-Italy, owayelingana naye. Ephendula isibindi esibonisiwe, uGiuseppe Garibaldi unikezwe ithuba lokuhola ukuvikela iSicily evukelayo.

Ekupheleni kuka-1848, wangena enkonzweni esemthethweni eRoma futhi waze wakhethwa ePhalamende. KwakungumGiuseppe Garibaldi owayekhokhela u-Italy ukunqoba okuyinhloko ngamaFulentshi ayevimbe idolobha ngaleso sikhathi. Akukho ukuphumelela okuncane ukuhlasela kwakhe kumaNeapolitans, okwenzeka ngaphansi kweVelletri nePalestina.

Ukukhuleka empilweni kaGaribaldi

Ngemuva kwezimpi eziningana ezingaphumelelanga kakhulu, iqhawe lesizwe kwakudingeka lihambe eNyakatho Melika okwesikhashana, lapho libuya khona ngo-1854 kuphela. Umkakhe u-Anita wayengaphili ngaleso sikhathi, futhi uGaribaldi wahlala eSardinia, ekhetha impilo enokuthula, enokuthula, okungafani nemibono kazwelonke kanye nezingxabano ezinzima.

Ukubamba iqhaza enhlanganweni ye-Italy

Kungokwemvelo ukuthi uGiuseppe Garibaldi akakwazanga ukwaneliswa umsebenzi othulile futhi ongaqondakali isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ngoMeyi 1859 wahlangana noCavour, emva kwalokho wakhuluma ngokumelene namabutho ase-Austrian njengomphathi waseSardinian. Ukungqubuzana kwakuphumelele kakhulu, futhi kungekudala uGaribaldi wayezohamba nebutho lakhe eRoma, kodwa umklamo wakhe awuzange uphumelele. U-Victor Emmanuel II, ngenxa yokwesaba ukwephula ubudlelwane bezempi noNapoleon III, unqume le njongo.

Lokhu kwaba nethonya elinamandla kuGaribaldi - wenqaba isikhundla sephini nomphathi waseSardinia, wachitha izinqola zakhe, kodwa wanxusa amasosha aseduze ukuba ahlale ephapheme futhi ekulungele ukuthuthela ezenzweni ezengeziwe.

Ukuzithoba

Isithombe sezomlando sikaGaribaldi Giuseppe, esiye saqala kuze kube yimanje, asivumeli ngisho nomcabango wokuthi isishoshovu nesibindi sishiya iphupho lakhe. Ngokushesha, ngo-1860, waqasha imikhumbi engu-2 nabasebenzi baseSicily, lapho ngaphandle kokulahleka okukhulu wathola ukunqoba empini yokukhulula. Ukuqothulwa okugcwele kwalesi siqhingi kusukela kubahlaseli baseGaribaldi kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili kuphela, emva kwalokho waqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe ngentshiseko enkulu.

I-Sicily yalandelwa ukukhululwa kweNaples, lapho amabutho omphakathi wangaphambili waseSardinia eya eningizimu ye-Italy. Kulezi zimpi nazo zaphumelela, futhi ngokushesha, ngo-February 18, 1861, amazwe ahlangene abizwa ngokuthi uVictor Emmanuel II eMbusweni wase-Italy.

Kwabaningi abalandeli bakaGiuseppe Garibaldi, isinqumo esinjalo sasingalindelekile - amazwe anqobile enzima kangaka anikwa ngokushesha enkosini yaseSardinia, lapho ikusasa labo elizayo lalisetshenziswa khona ngokuqondile.

Umsebenzi wokufutheka

Siphoqeleka ukuthi sikhulume kafushane mayelana nokuphila nokuphelela kukaGiuseppe Garibaldi, ngoba kunomkhawulo wendaba. Kodwa-ke, asikwazi kodwa siqaphele iqiniso lokuthi wayengenzi nje kuphela ezindabeni zempi. Njengendoda efundiswe kakhulu, ekwazi ukuhoxisa izixuku, wayehlukaniswa nezimfanelo ezihlonishwayo.

Ngo-1867, uGaribaldi washiya okwesikhashana insimu yezempi wathumela enyakatho ye-Italy nasezindaweni eziphambili zezwe, esebenza njenge-agitator. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isisekelo sokuphila kwakhe kungumsebenzi wokuzikhukhumeza, okwenzeka ezimweni eziningi kutholakale ngempumelelo.

Ngenxa yenqubomgomo yokukhululeka esebenzayo nokuvakashela njalo emizini yezwe, isithombe seGiuseppe Garibaldi siyaziwa wonke umuntu naso sonke, futhi sihlangana naye njengeqhawe lesizwe.

Ukuqhubekela phambili kwezimpi

Ngo-1871, umsebenzi wezempi weqhawe lesizwe lase-Italy uphinde uphakamise intaba. UGiuseppe Garibaldi uhlanganyela empini ngokumelene nabahlaseli basePrussia, lapho anqoba khona, ngenxa yokuthi uthola isikhundla sephini eFrance.

Ukuphila okunzima kweqhawe likazwelonke

Isithombe sikaGiuseppe Garibaldi namuhla singatholakala kuyo yonke incwadi yomlando, isayensi yakhe ifundwe ngokugcwele, uyathandwa futhi ihlonishwa e-Italy futhi ihlonishwa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni. Kubonakala sengathi lo muntu wayenambitha udumo ekuphileni kwakhe, waphila ukuphila okukhazimulayo, okuthakazelisayo. Kodwa akubona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi kunezikhathi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ezingalindelekile kuwo.

Inkulumo kuleli cala ayikho mayelana nokushushiswa kanye nezimpi eziningi ezenziwa yi-biography yakhe, kodwa mayelana nokuphila okulula kwansuku zonke ... Isikhathi esilungiselele i-hero yesizwe sase-Italy ukuhlolwa okuningi.

Ngokwesibonelo, umkakhe wokuqala, u-Anna Ribeira de Silva, owamupha izingane, ufa nge-malaria, kuyilapho uGaribaldi ehamba, ehlanganyela empini ezingenakubalwa zokukhulula. Kuleli hero likazwelonke lokhu kwaba yindlala enkulu.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uGaribaldi uthatha isinqumo sokushada okwesibili. Okhethiweyo wakhe yiyona insizwa enkulukazi yaseMilanese uRaimondi, kodwa, kodwa, uphonsa cishe e-altare. Injabulo yomndeni ayikwenzekanga kulokhu ngenxa yengane, umkhululi waseNtaliya enqabe ukubona ukuthi nguye. Noma kunjalo, umshado wathweswa umshado uGaribaldi iminyaka engu-19, waze waqedwa.

Cishe ngemva kokuthola inkululeko, isishoshovu sase-Italy sashada okwesithathu. Okhethiweyo wakhe wayengenalo iphakethe eliphezulu, alikho igama elihle, ngokuba ngumhlengikazi omncane womzukulu uGaribaldi.

Naphezu kokuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo komndeni kanye nokutholakala kwezingane ezinhlanu, uGiuseppe Garibaldi washona ngokuzimele, washiya izihlobo nabangani bakhe ...

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Ngendlela, uGiuseppe Garibaldi wadumala hhayi nje ngemiphumela yakhe evelele yomlando. Wakwazi ukwenza njengendlela efana ne-trendsetter. Inkulumo ethi "ama-red-shirt" avele ngokuqondile ngenxa yakhe. Into ewukuthi ingubo ethandekayo yenguquko yase-Italy yayiyihembe elibomvu elalingeniswa yi-sombrero ne-poncho. Ekuboneni kokuqala, lesi sembatho singase sibonakale singavamile, kodwa iqembu lakhe, eliphefumulelwe isithombe sikaGaribaldi, ngokushesha lithatha kuye lesi sitayela, ngaleyo ndlela sethula imfashini ebomvu, ebonakala kude, amahembe.

I-revolutionary yase-Italy ayizibonakali nje ngokuthi i-diplomate enethalente, umholi wezempi kanye nomphathi wezempi, kodwa wakwazi ukuzibonakalisa ensimini yombhali, ebhala ngesikhathi sakhe uchungechunge lwezimemo, ngenxa yokuthi ubuntu obuningi beGiuseppe Garibaldi bube bucacile futhi buqondakala kubantu besimanje.