INkosi uDodon. "I-Tale ye-Golden Cockerel", u-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Indima yendaba yabantu emisebenzini yabalobi bethu bekhulu le-18 leminyaka yekhulu le-19 kanye lePushkin ikakhulukazi kuhle. Isici sezingoma zomuntu, ama-epicic and the story senza ukuphila komuntu ohluphekayo kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ekufeni. Futhi le ndawo yenkondlo yabantu ijikeleze iPushkin kusukela ebuntwaneni. Umlobi wabhala izinkondlo zakhe okungenani iminyaka engama-20.

Ukuxhumeka kwePushkin nezinkondlo zabantu

E-Pushkin kwakungeyona ukuphindaphindiwe kwezindaba, hhayi nje ukuzijabulisa kwamaqhawe ngothando lokukhathazeka, kodwa ukwethulwa kwezinkinga zomphakathi kuzo. Isibonelo umpristi ohahayo kanye nomlimi wakhe ohlakaniphile. Bakhuluma ngezindinganiso ezifanele zokuziphatha zokuziphatha ("I-Tale of the Princess Princess"). Kusukela ezindabeni zomlando zika-Alexander Pushkin zihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngenkulumo yezinkondlo. Ezinye, ngaphambili, zilotshwe ngolimi lwangempela lomuntu, lapho umbongi efana nomlandisi wezindaba. Okunye, kamuva, izindaba zePushkin zilotshwe evesini lokubhala, i-chorea. Yena, kanye nabalandisi, iziqephu zokuguqula, ukwethula amaqhawe amasha, ukuboleka okuthile kumlando wezinkampani zamanye amazwe, kudala indaba entsha yaseRashiya, kodwa kulondolozwa ukunambitheka kwawo kazwelonke. Akukho okufana nalokhu okungekho owake wabhala. Cishe zonke izindaba zezinganekwane abantu abadala bazi kusukela ebuntwaneni, babuyele kubo futhi lapho izingane zabo kanye nabazukulu babo bekhula, kodwa ukuhlaziywa ngokujulile kungabonisa ukuthi yini efihla ngemuva kwesakhiwo.

Indaba eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke

Kuphi indaba yezinganekwane zikaPushkin esithola abantu abaningi kangaka? Yeka ukuthi kuyiqiniso kangakanani indaba yeNkosi uDodon ngaso sonke isikhathi! Isithombe sePantasmagoric sokufa kombuso kanye nokunyamalala kwendabuko yabhalwa ngo-1834. Ekupheleni kwalendzaba kunezinqwaba zezidumbu ezingaba khona umuntu ozokungcwaba. Iqhude elilodwa lihamba phezu kwazo. Le fiction iqukethe isicoco kanye nesifundo kwabasindile: ungavumeli impi, ikakhulukazi e-fratricidal.

Ukulahlekelwa kokulawula isimo

Inkosi enesibindi futhi enesibindi, uDodon, yayihlasela njalo omakhelwane bayo kusukela ebusheni bayo. Akazange azisole noma ubani, wenza izimpi ezinonya. Ekhulile, umbusi wayekhathele futhi wayefuna ukuthula. Kodwa kwakukhona. Omakhelwane, bezwa ubuthakathaka bombuso, baqala ukumhlasela kusukela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Umbusi omdala wayengazi ukuthi angavikela kanjani izwe lakhe kusukela ekuhlaselweni. Ngakho-ke, waphendukela ochwepheshe bezinkanyezi ukuze basize. Lesi sinyathelo, njengoba siphenduka kamuva, siphelile.

Inyoni yemangaliso

Ekuqaleni konke kubonakala sengathi kuhamba kahle. INkosi uDodon yamukelwa njengesipho i-cockerel yemilingo. Le nyoni ayikwazanga nje ukuthi enye yezitha iye yaphule umkhawulo, kodwa, ngokuphendukela endleleni efanele, yazisa ngokucacile ukuthi yiliphi uhlangothi oluzohlaselwa. Ngakho inkosi yakwazi ukuthumela amabutho akhe ngaphandle kwezwe futhi ingavumeli ukuphanga embusweni wayo. Wonke umuntu manje wayazi ukuthi leli zwe ngeke libekezelele ukuphelelwa amandla futhi linikeze ukuvuselelwa okwesikhashana. Ukuthula kwageleza ngokuthula nangokuthula.

Umphumela owatholile ekupheleni kokuphila

Ubusha obuthakathaka, obuqhutshwa yiSiphukuphuku uDodon, alufundanga lutho. Akazange abe nezivumelwano zokuthula nomakhelwane noma ukuhweba, kodwa wabulala amabutho angaphandle. Akukho ukuphenduka ezonweni zobusheni bobusha abazange bazizwe. Akazange aguqulwe ekugugeni, ejabule ekunqotshweni kwebutho lakhe. Evila futhi enganaki, wayekholelwa ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi wayekhona kunoma yisiphi isimo. Kuwo wonke inganekwane, uhlamvu lwakhe aluguquki.

Ngaphambi kwezigcawu zosizo lukaSage

Ngenkathi iNkosi uDodon isiphelile, indoda ehlakaniphile ehlakaniphile, ikhupha inyoni esikhwameni, yasiza i-tsar ukuba ilungise isimo ngendlela yokuthi inkosi ayizange ichithe amandla futhi ayizange ibenze imizamo engqondweni yalokhu. Umlindi wendlovukazi, i-cockerel, waqoqa ngobuciko lonke ulwazi futhi akazange ayeke kuze kube yilapho ohulumeni bevusa inkosi futhi baqhubeka nomkhankaso. Kodwa izakhamuzi zenhloko-dolobha zazesaba kakhulu ukukhala kwezinyoni, ngoba ngemuva kwazo kwakukhona izimpi nokufa. UMbusi, ukuze aphile ngokulala futhi alale, ephendukela ngapha nangapha, kwakudingeka ukuqinisekisa abantu. Cishe ukuphila kwezwe, kwakungadingeki. Kwadingeka kuphela isazi sezinkanyezi, i-cockerel yesiprofetho namavoevods alwa nesitha. Noma ngisho nangaphansi - i-cockerel ne-master-sage, ngubani ongayinika iziqondiso kubaphathi bezempi. Inkosi yayihlonishwa, kodwa empeleni yayingenalutho. Ngakho wachaza inkosi uDodon. I-Pushkin, elandela isiko lomuntu, ayizange ishintshe umlingiswa wasebukhosini ukuthi ibe ngcono.

I-Golden Cockerel

Ngaphandle kwendoda ehlakaniphile, okungazi ukuthi umfundi ayengazi nokuthi yintoni eyayiyimfihlakalo, imelela i-riddle ne-cockerel yegolide, le nyoni ikhanyayo, ikhanya futhi ilanga. Ngezinkolelo zesiSlavic, ama-roost angethusa imimoya emibi. Babethwa njenge-charm noma bafaka phezu komgwaqo ophahleni ngezinhloso ezifanayo. Le nyoni enomusa, ekugcineni yaphoqeleka ukuphindiselela ukufa komuntu, iNkosi uDodon. I-Golden Cockerel, ebona ukuthi inkosi enhle ibuyisele inkohlakalo ngezinkanyezi, yahamba isuka e-weathercock, yamisa inkosi emgqeni futhi yahamba yaziwa lapho.

Ubani owayeyisitha sezwe

Eqinisweni, amabutho angaphandle kanye nabantu babele ingozi, okungukuthi, u-tyrant ongenamkhawulo nabantwana bakhe. Ngempela, kwakungenxa yezenzo zenkosi ebusheni bakhe izimpi zamanzi ezaqala, ezingenakuphela nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kodwa ngokuhlaselwa okudabukisayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, umshushisi uphulukise unyaka noma amabili ngokuthula. Futhi ngokuzumayo, esaba kakhulu yonke inhloko-dolobha futhi ephendukela empumalanga, iqhude lakhala. Inkosi yathumela embusweni wobumnyama nobumnyama ekukhanyeni okuvela empumalanga ekhanda ibutho lendodana endala. Futhi konke kwaba nokuthula. Izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili zidlula, futhi futhi zibuyele empumalanga, ekukhanyeni, i-cockerel yabikezela inkathazo. Ukusiza indodana yakhe endala, inkosi endala ithumela omncane. Kuthatha ezinye izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili, futhi futhi usizi - i-cockerel iphinde ikhala, iphendukela empumalanga. Ubaba wabe esehola ibutho lesithathu. Futhi ubonani? Abafayo bobabili amadodana abalwa phakathi kwabo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, itende lavuleka, futhi kusukela lapho kwafika intombazane enhle-ukukhanya kwebusuku okukhazimulayo, okubonakala sengathi kwakufanekisela ukuthi iNkosi uDodon izobhubha. I-Pushkin ifanisa le ntombazane ilanga, nenkosi - nenyoni yobusuku, futhi kusho ukuthi, izinsuku zakhe zihamba ngokushona kwelanga. Lapho ebona, inkosi yakhohlwa ukufa kwamadodana akhe. Wadla naye futhi wamyisa enhloko-dolobha. Indlovukazi yayinamandla phezu kwabo bonke abantu, futhi wonke umuntu wayefuna ukulidla: nezikhulu ezincane, ezazikhohliwe ukuhlolisana nokubulawa, kanye nenkosi esebekhulile, ngisho nomuntu ongabazisayo ongenalo isithakazelo kwabesifazane. Futhi lapho umbusi ebulala umsolwa wesibhakabhaka ocela ukukhokha okuthenjisiwe, bonke abantu baqhaqhazela: indlovukazi enhle ayifuni futhi ilanga, kodwa ukufa ngokwayo.

Ububi busekelwe enzombusazwe. Kubhujiswa amandla amakhulu, kodwa kufanele kube kanjani ekuphileni? A. I-Pushkin yamema umfundi ukuba afunde isifundo ngokuzimela. Cishe, ngakho-ke, i-couplet yokugcina ngenkathi umshini wokukhishwa kuqala ususiwe.