Igugu. Uyini imikhumbi eyayithwala izinto eziyigugu kanye nomcebo umhlaba?

Omunye imisebenzi romantic kakhulu usesha zobuciko ezingokomlando. Zonke eyafunyanwa phansi noma isilondolozi, ngokuthi izwi ajwayelekile "ngcebo". Uyini igolide, isiliva namatshe ayigugu - sonke siyazi, kodwa uma kuphela kubhekwa umcebo? Ukuze uqale, sibheke ukubaluleka umqondo.

Incazelo evamile "ngcebo"

Kuyini umcebo obanzi? Lifihliwe nganoma iyiphi indlela izinto ezibalulekile. umnikazi wabo angaziwa noma ilahleke kwesokudla kubo. Nokho, leligama iyona yasendlini. Kunenye umqondo ukuthi libhekisela nemivubukulo.

Igugu (lokho kusho emivubukulweni, sicabanga) has izici zayo siqu:

• It usesikhundleni nsimu enkulu;
• Siqukethe izinto eyodwa isikhathi;
• Kuhlanganisa amathuluzi, izinto, izikhali kanye konke sidalwe indoda ethize isiko bemivubukulo.

Archeologists abanesifiso zonke izifundo ufunda ungqimba zomlando. Labo abathintekayo lapho kumbiwa inzuzo, akufunayo nje ziphephile ezibalulekile. Ivame ukutholakala eyenziwe amatshe ayigugu. Zonke ezinye senhliziyo yabo efana udoti.

Yini umthetho uthini?

Umthetho lamazwe ahlukahlukene kungokwalabo obuyigugu ngendlela yalo. Ngokuvamile, umnikazi we-uyathola nguye ophethe umhlaba, futhi oye wathola. ERussia, isibonelo, umnikazi wezwe inotho umzingeli uhlukanise kona ngokulinganayo. Kodwa uma isihloko sinenai kwezobuciko, isimo alithathe yena, kodwa owathola umninindlu yakhe, futhi ofuna buyisela kwesigamu izindleko, okuzokwenza ukhombise uchwepheshe.

ENgilandi, kumelwe ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ukubika yokuthola ukuthi ngeke kamuva ukuba kukhishwe izigwebo. Ochwepheshe ukutadisha umcebo, futhi isiphetho sabo isimo aholele umninindlu kanye umcebo ekuzingeleni isinxephezelo ngokugcwele noma ibuyisela thola lowo umthole.

Ngo-US eziningi uthi babazisa ubudala neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100 ubudala, watholwa ezweni isimo, kubhekwa ukubaluleka bemivubukulo. It kungokwalabo iziphathimandla State, lapho watholakala.

Ezweni mayelana nengcebo wathola kukhona izindaba ezahlukene. Igugu kuzo, njengoba umthetho, kungaba ukubaluleka impahla noma ubuciko. Ukuba khona kwalawa okutholakele akuyona njalo waqinisekisa iqiniso.

ingcebo bemivubukulo

Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi gugu latholakala kule XIX-XX eminyaka. abavubukuli European sengifunde indawo yezimpucuko baseGibhithe, abaseNdiya neseNingizimu lasendulo.

Engcebweni umxhwele kakhulu (okungukuthi - vele sesiyazi) itholwe 2011 e-India. Kusolwa ukuthi it fanele kuze ababusi Travancore, okuyinto zeminyaka wanqwabelanisa amagugu ethempelini. Balinganisa lokuthola e-US $ 20 bhiliyoni.

Enye akukho kancane umxhwele kubhekwa umcebo wethuna Tutankhamen sika. Ukwambulwa kwatholakala ngo-1922, kodwa kuphela wakwazi ukungena onyakeni ozayo. I uyathola kuyagcinwa njengoba yayinjalo. Bona lalinabashumayeli imisebenzi yobuciko, ubucwebe, sarcophagi wenza ngegolide elihlanzekile, owawungumnyaka umzimba kaFaro, nokuningi. Namuhla emnyango wethuna ivaliwe izivakashi ngenxa yezinguquko olwelwesini abhidliza izindonga zayo.

"Igugu ka Priam" - liyingcebo zakudala emhlabathini. Bathola base Heinrich Schliemann ngo-1873 lapho bemba le Troy ziyaphawuleka, kodwa ukutholakala ingeyona lesi sikhathi, ke sekuneminyaka ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba. Namuhla, le ngcebo lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi Troy itholakala eMoscow (Pushkin Museum).

Amagugu imikhumbi

Ngaphezu sushi, ingcebo eningi atholakele ezansi izilwandle nasolwandle. Nge ekwandeni shipbuilding abantu zazithuthwa amanzi mpahla eyigugu. Ezinye zazo waminza ngesikhathi sokuthula sangaphambi kwesivunguvungu, ulimaze ebhodini noma uthwebule pirates, nabo umcebo.

Ihamba ukuthi zashona phansi, enye ezihlukahlukene omkhulu ogwini. Bheka ngabo kunzima kakhulu, ngoba ngabo njalo usekhuluma kusukela indawo crash. Saba nzima inkinga nezindleko bomkhankaso ukuze olwandle.

Nokho, le mikhumbi okulandelayo ingcebo ibhodi atholakele

• frigate Spanish acwiliswe 1804. ukutholakala kwakhe wenkampani American kubhekwa eyigugu kakhulu emlandweni engcebeni kwamanzi. Esikebheni kwakuneqembu ngo-2007 sathola amathani zegolide nezesiliva ezinekhanda Spanish. kwadingeka Izimpahla ukubuyela kuhulumeni Spanish ngo-2012.
• Ingcebo galleon "Atocha" (Spain), okuyinto Kwatholakala ngo-1985, Mel Fisher. amakhulukhulu igolide nokuningi kwenkulungwane bullion isiliva, imigexo, izikhali kwekhulu le-17 zitholakale.
• Russian wezimpahla Galiota "Saint Michael" etholakele ngo-1961, Finland. On the umkhumbi zazenziwe amatshe ayigugu kanye amatshe, ayehloselwe-Elisabethe Collection igolide isinemfu amabhokisi, ukubukela iqoqo igolide nesiliva, Meissen zobumba, ezibaziweyo ukuthutha gilt. Namuhla, kuyinto eFinland.