Intercontinental Drake uMzila - kuyinto strait ububanzi emhlabeni

Mnumzane Frensis Dreyk, ngemva kobani okuthiwa strait yasakazwa emhlabeni, khona lucky Amazing. WayeyiZwi wabahloli omkhulu, pirate yangempela futhi owenza. Drake wakwazi ukuthola ilungelo agcwele ukuze privateering ezandleni Elizabeth - Queen of England, futhi kamuva waklonyeliswa isihloko zokuhlonipha inkonzo yakhe egameni iBrithani yaba amaphini sezempi yini.

Njengoba Frensis Dreyk wavula strait yasakazwa emhlabeni?

Ngo 1578 umkhumbi Drake yacabanga ngu amagagasi ulwandle esivunguvungwini omkhulu. Injongo: ikhambo kwaba Strait of Magellan, kodwa ubunjalo wayenezinye izinhlelo. Storm iSiphepho wahlupheka umkhumbi pirate phakathi olwandle, phambili endaweni uyaphi ukwenza nxazonke zezwe ngomkhumbi kwalokho. Nakuba empeleni lolu hambo kwaba kokuseshwa okuzingela ku amakoloni Spanish ogwini Pacific.

Isikhova i-great okutholakele ezindawo ngokuvamile zenzeka ngenxa yezimo abhekene, ikakhulukazi efuna ingcebo ezingenakubalwa, amatshe ayigugu kanye amatshe, kanye izigqila kanye izibiliboco aphesheya. Ngakho wavula Strait ububanzi InterContinental, okuthiwa yokudumisa pirate imiklomelo.

omunye umkhumbi we eziyisithupha kuphela ephethwe ukuze ingaziki ukusinda umkhumbi ngokuthi "Pelican" yakhukhulekela ngaseningizimu ngqo ePacific Ocean. On the isikhathi insindiso Drake ushintshe igama isitsha phezu "Golden Hind", futhi befika bephephile ngemuva ukuphanga wabaphangi obenziwa ogwini Pacific, egcwele ukulayishwa zengcebo.

Drake uMzila: incazelo emfushane

I strait uxhuma amanzi Atlantic nePacific, futhi kuwo wonke amamephu eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Drake uMzila. Ngo ububanzi isifinyelele 820 km (futhi endaweni encane), kwezinye izindawo lugujwa 1120 km ibanga. Uma eqhathaniswa ububanzi nobude strait kancane nesizotha more futhi 460 km. Ukujula kuhluka amamitha 276 kuya 5250.

umngcele Strait evamile elisukela Uphondo ephathelene Tierra emhlabeni neqhwa kulesi siqhingi (South Shetland Islands) eziphathelene Antarctica. Budebuduze yaleli zwekazi abandayo kuthinta izici zezulu. Ngisho ehlobo lokushisa lamanzi aliphumi ngenhla 6 ° C, kanti ebusika kuba 3 ° C. Lokhu kusho ukuthi strait ububanzi uhlala imikhumbi ethile kwaze kwaphela unyaka, wazifunga yena, lokhu zilimaze akukho ngaphezu kuka-25%.

Drake uMzila: amasiko nemikhuba

Nge Drake uMzila futhi isiqhingi Uphondo ithinta abanye amasiko phakathi amatilosi. Ethandwa kakhulu wabo oda indlovukazi isiNgisi, owawuthi emva ukunqoba lokuqala yimpumelelo lokhu amatilosi umzila wathembela icici ezazenziwe ngethusi, ngemva yesibili - esiliveni, futhi uma strait wanqotshwa kathathu indlebe Itilosi kakade ayefake amacici egolide. Kanye amalungelo amaningi, okuyinto wabanika ilungelo isiphuzo mahhala, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "ulwandle nezimpisi", okwakubekelwa kubhekwe ngempela ehlonishwayo ngaleso sikhathi.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lo mngcele amanzi iye unqobe ngaphezu izikhathi kweshumi. Ngokwesibonelo, lo odumile isihambi Russian Fyodor Konyukhov ka ngokuphepha sawela eyingozi kakhulu ngendlela izikhathi 6, owokugcina awalicebayo ngo-2010. Ukulandela amasiko asendulo, kuyoba salokhu kufanele 2 igolide namacici, isihloko zokuhlonipha.

Esikhohlisayo isithiyo amanzi

Phakathi Omkhulu okutholakele imikhumbi, ubambe isendleleni esuka iPacific Atlantic, ke kwadingeka ngokuphindaphindiwe sinqobe strait ububanzi emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo amatilosi kwabalwa izingozi, njengoba lokhu amanzi isithiyo esikhohlisayo singanikezwanga zonke amazinyo. Kuze kube namuhla, ngomkhumbi ngokusebenzisa strait Kulinganiselwa njengoba ukunqoba Mount Chomolungma.

Yasakazwa iplanethi Strait uyingozi kakhulu futhi kuyo. Endleleni ngokuvamile nezinguzunga ezinkulu zeqhwa, whirlpools, ngezinye izikhathi kuba khona izimvula eziyingozi engakaze ibonwe ne amagagasi afinyelela ku 15 metres, futhi lesi sigameko avale ezindaweni 35 amamitha ngomzuzwana. Ubunzima edlulisa Strait futhi ngenxa imisinga enamandla.

Nakuba Drake uMzila - kuyinto strait ububanzi, kuba bottleneck weSouthern Ocean. Kusukela ngo-1993, kwenziwe survey njalo, futhi izilinganiso zenziwa, kusukela emngceleni ophakathi ulwandle ezimbili ezinkulu uyindawo ebalulekile izifundo kwamanzi Antarctic Circumpolar yamanje.