Isengezo ongenawo yemagama: izibonelo

Isengezo - iyona kunazo esibanzi eside zezibalo. Ngokuyisisekelo, kule isayensi wabo bonke, futhi konke ukuthenga kwenziwa, nawo. Enye inkinga ukuthi isicelo ngempela ezihlukahlukene izindlela namasu kuye ifomu ethize. Ngakho, sisebenze trigonometry logarithms, amafraktjhini noma - izenzo ezintathu ezahlukene. Isengezo elibangwa ukungakhulumi incazelo, ungase ubheke omunye izinhlobo ezimbili: algebraic noma zezinombolo. Kodwa yini lo mqondo libukeka isibonelo sakhe nezinye izici Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi.

izinkulumo yezinombolo

Uma inkulumo ethi siqukethe izinombolo, kubakaki, plus noma lokususa, kanye nezinye izimpawu izibalo imisebenzi, kungashiwo ngokuphepha ngokuthi i ezinombolo. Yikuphi ngempela okunengqondo: kuyadingeka once more ukubheka kuqala okuthiwa izingxenye zalo.

Inkulumo wenombolo kungaba noma yini: okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi ayengekho izincwadi. Futhi nge "lutho" kulokhu kusho ukuthi yonke into kusukela elula, emi yedwa, lodwa, izibalo, uhlu omkhulu wabo futhi izimpawu imisebenzi izibalo ezidinga ukucabanga alandelayo umphumela wokugcina. Ingxenyenamba - futhi inkulumo ezinombolo, uma akusiyo zonke a, b, c, d, njll, ngoba khona-ke ukubukeka ngokuphelele, okuzoxoxwa kamuva.

Imibandela okukhuluma, okuyinto lokhu akwenzi mqondo

Lapho umsebenzi okuqala ngegama elithi "abale", ungakwazi ukukhuluma ushintsho. Into wukuthi lesi senzo akulungile ngaso sonke isikhathi: alidingeki ukuthi okuningi uma isisho ongaphambili ongenawo incazelo. Izibonelo ngokungenamkhawulo isimanga, ngezinye izikhathi, ukuba baqonde ukuthi into siye imtholile futhi, sinawo eside futhi oyisicefe ukuvula kubakaki futhi ucabangele, cabanga, cabangela ...

Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule: akunandaba mqondo wokuthi le nkulumo abakuphela yi kuyehla kube isenzo eyenqatshelwe wezibalo. Uma siqotho ngempela, ke kuba ukuguqulwa lutho ngokwayo, kodwa ukuze uthole lokhu, kudingeka siqale run sakhe. Yilokho indida!

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke, kodwa hhayi kangako zezibalo senzo asivumelekile - is a division ngo-zero.

Ngoba lapha, isibonelo, isisho ayinakho yemagama:

(17 + 11) :( 5 + 4-10 + 1).

Uma usebenzisa ezinye izibalo ezilula ukunciphisa ubakaki yesibili enamadijithi eyodwa, kuyobe sekuba i-zero.

Ngu isimiso esifanayo, "isihloko zokuhlonipha" futhi le nkulumo eshiwo:

(5-18) :( 19/04/20 + 5).

algebraic

Lena inkulumo efanayo ezinombolo, uma wengeza izinhlamvu esenqatshelwe kuwo. Khona-ke kuba algebraic egcwele. Kungase kube bonke osayizi nomumo. Inkulumo Algebra - umqondo ebanzi, okubandakanya owedlule. Kodwa kwaba khona umuzwa ukuqala ingxoxo ingaveli naye, kodwa nge ezinombolo, ukwenza kube sobala futhi kulula ukuqonda kwaba. Phela, kunengqondo yini inkulumo algebraic - umbuzo akuyona ukuthi kunzima kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izibuyekezo.

Kungani becabanga kanjalo?

Inkulumo lesobala, noma isisho eziguquguqukayo - kuyahambisana. Igama elithi lokuqala kuchazwe nje: it is, phela, iqukethe izinhlamvu! Eyesibili futhi eminyakeni eyikhulu imfihlakalo: esikhundleni izinhlamvu ungakwazi shintsha izinombolo ezahlukene, ukuze ukubaluleka kwenkulumo ethi, izoshintsha. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi izinhlamvu kulokhu onhlobonhlobo. Ngu Isifaniso, inombolo - ke kungokwaphakade.

Futhi lapha sibuyela nesihloko main: lokho uwukubonakaliswa ongenawo incazelo?

Izibonelo algebraic kuyize

Isimo ngokuba ukungabi nangqondo ka isisho algebraic - kuyafana okwesikhathi ezinombolo, ngaphandle nje kwento eyodwa kuphela kuphela, noma uma sikubeka ngokuqondile, ibhekwa. Lapho ukuguqulela, futhi kubalwa umphumela wokugcina kufanele inake eziguquguqukayo, ngakho umbuzo akufanele ube ngokuthi "lokho isisho akwenzi mqondo?" Futhi "nganoma yisiphi ukubaluleka variable, le nkulumo izoba angaqondakali?" futhi "Ingabe ikhona Inani kwenombolo lapho inkulumo kuyoba lutho?"

Ngokwesibonelo, (18-3) :( a + 11-9).

Inkulumo olungaphezulu okunenjongo ngesikhathi elilingana -2.

Futhi kuthiwani (a + 3) :( 04.08.12), singasho umlomo ukuthi lesi isisho ayinakho incazelo nhlobo a.

Ngokufanayo, i-b noma ukufaka endaweni phakathi isisho (b - 11) :( 12 + 1), le ntengo isazoba mqondo.

imisebenzi ejwayelekile ku "Lamagama ongenawo incazelo"

grade 7 efunda isihloko wezibalo, phakathi kwabanye, bese usetha kuso akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike kokubili ngokushesha ngemva amaseshini abafanele, futhi daba "iqhinga" phezu amamojuli kanye izivivinyo.

Yingakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela izinkinga ejwayelekile kanye nezixazululo zabo.

Isibonelo 1.

Ingabe igama elithi:

(23 + 11) :( 43-17 + 24/11/39)?

isixazululo:

Kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza zonke ukubala e-kubakaki futhi kubangele ukubonakaliswa ifomu:

34: 0

ukuphendula:

UmPhumela yakhiwa division ngo-zero, Ngakho-ke, inkulumo ethi akuyona okunenjongo.

Isibonelo 2.

Yimaphi amazwi angaqondakali?

1) (9 + 3) / (4 + 5 + 3-12);

2) 44 / (12-19 + 7);

3) (6 + 45) / (12 + 55-73).

isixazululo:

Kufanele ukubala ukubaluleka kokugcina ngayinye izinkulumo.

Impendulo: 1; 2.

Isibonelo 3.

Thola ububanzi bamanani kuvumelekile la mazwi alandelayo:

1) (11-4) / (b + 17);

2) 12 / (14-b + 11).

isixazululo:

Ububanzi bamanani kuvunyelwe (DHS) - zonke lezo izinombolo, lapho esikhundleni sokucela inkulumo ethi variable abeyoba.

Okungukuthi, umsebenzi kuzwakala: thola amanani engeke wehlukanisa zero.

ukuphendula:

1) b Je (-∞; -17) & (-17; + ∞), noma b> -17 & b <-17, noma b ≠ -17, okusho - isisho kunengqondo zonke b, ngaphandle -17 .

2) b Je (-∞; 25) & (25; + ∞), noma b> 25 b & <25, noma b ≠ 25, okusho - isisho kunengqondo konke ngaphandle 25 b.

Isibonelo 4.

Ukuze lokho amagugu okuvela kuyo le nkulumo elandelayo ibiyoba engenangqondo?

(Y-3) :( y + 3)

isixazululo:

Ubakaki yesibili kungu-zero at y elilingana -3.

Impendulo: y = -3

Isibonelo 4.

Yikuphi izitatimende angaqondakali kuphela uma x = -14?

1) 14: (x - 14);

2) (3 + 8x) :( 14 + x);

3) (x / (x + 14)) :( 7/8)).

ukuphendula:

2 no-3, kusukela esimweni sokuqala, uma esikhundleni x = -14 ke ubakaki yesibili kufanisa -28 esikhundleni zero ekuchazweni umsindo abangenalo isisho incazelo.

Isibonelo 5.

Cabanga bese ubhala phansi isisho ayinakho incazelo.

ukuphendula:

18 / (2-46 + 17-33 + 45 + 15).

algebraic eziguquguqukayo ezimbili

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke namazwi angaqondakali, omunye Empeleni, kukhona amazinga ehlukene obulukhuni. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi lenombolo - lezi yizibonelo elula, ngoba kuyizinto alula kakhulu kunomoya-Aljibhra. Ubunzima zesinqumo bese engeza inombolo eziguquguqukayo in the sakamuva. Kodwa akufanele ukudida ukubukeka kwabo: into esemqoka - khumbula isimiso esejwayelekile ikhambi futhi silisebenzise kungakhathaliseki isampuli iyafana inkinga ejwayelekile noma has uhlobo oluthile engaziwa izengezo.

Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kuphakame umbuzo, indlela yokuxazulula le msebenzi.

Thola bese ubhala phansi izinombolo Imbijana ezivumelekile la mazwi:

(X ³ - x ² y ³ + 13x - 38y) / (12x ² - y).

izimpendulo ezingakhetha kuzo:

1) 3 kanye 107;

2) 1 kanye -12;

3) 2 kanye 48;

4) -2 kanye 24;

5) -3 kanye 108.

Kodwa eqinisweni, nje libukeka esabekayo futhi nzima, ngoba empeleni iqukethe lokho kakade eyaziwa: ukwakhiwa izinombolo isikwele cube, eminye imisebenzi izibalo, ezifana division, ukubuyabuyelela, ukukhupha kanye kwalokho. Ukuze kube lula, ngasendleleni, ungehlisa inkinga ifomu wamaqhuzu.

I numerator we ingxenyenamba ku kwaphumela ejabulisa: (x ³ - x ² y ³ + 13x - 38y). Kuyinto iqiniso. Kodwa kukhona esinye isizathu ukuba sijabule: ngandlela-thile akazange ngisho kudingeka uthinte ukuxazulula umsebenzi! Ngokwe-definition esisanda kuxoxa ngazo, awukwazi ukuhlukanisa ngo-zero, nalokho oyokufeza ukwabelana, akunandaba. Ngenxa inqolobane le nkulumo ingashintshiwe futhi bamelele ngababili balaba embodiments, e-zihilela. Ukuze Into yesithathu kahle, akulula ukutshela abakaki encane zero. Kodwa ukuhlala kulokhu - ngesincomo okubi, ngoba indlela enye into. Futhi ngempela: isigaba yesihlanu futhi okwaziyo okuhle futhi isimo efanelekayo.

Bhala impendulo: 3 no-5.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoba ubona, lesi sihloko ithakazelisa kakhulu hhayi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Qonda ukuthi ngeke kube nzima. Noma kunjalo, umbhangqwana izibonelo emsebenzini neze libuhlungu!