Isici subjective zobugebengu emthethweni lobugebengu: umqondo, amafomu kanye izakhi

Isici subjective zobugebengu emthethweni lobugebengu - kuyinto ingashintshiwe isici oyisibopho icala ngalinye, okuyinto lubonakaliswa kumuntu osonile engqondo ukuze lomuntu ukuziphatha, ugqozi, focus bese isimo esingokomzwelo. It inezigaba ezimbili: ukuzizwa unecala (edingekayo ukuba khona kwakhe) futhi eyengeziwe noma ozikhethela (imigomo, imizwa). Uma khona okokuqala ikhwalifikheshini ezidingekile isenzo njengoba ubugebengu, abanye uvumele abaqeqeshiwe kuphela, mitigated isijeziso otyazhelev. Tincenye ohlangothini subjective zobugebengu ezisohlwini Penal Code of the Russian Federation, kodwa hhayi exhaustible ngokuphelele (ngenxa enemisebenzi ubuntu babo ngemilingo).

Injongo ohlangothini subjective zobugebengu

Inani ohlangothini subjective secala ayikwazi overestimated, ngoba kubhekwa omunye izakhi ezine kudingeka ubufakazi e uphenyo pretrial. indima yayo kanje.

1. Isidingo ukuhlola izenzo njengoba amacala. ngaleyo ndlela Wines has a ukubaluleka main ayisisekelo.
2. The kungenzeka umehluko ngamacala ahlukahlukene.
3. It kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ubugebengu kanye namanye amacala (zokuphatha, zabasebenzi).
4. Kahle kuchaziwe okuqukethwe ohlangothini subjective zobugebengu ikuvumela ukuba kahle ufanelekele isenzo ukuchaza umngcele isijeziso ngesisekelo ngqo target, isisusa noma benomuzwa wecala.

Iwayini - kuyingxenye eyisisekelo ohlangothini subjective

Blame Kungashiwo kufanele kubhekwe omunye izingcezu oyinhloko ecaleni subjective, kodwa alisho ke. Wobugebengu Ikhodi ibona kuphela ingxenye nginenhliziyo nangokwengqondo sola, indiva ngokomzwelo. Lokhu kungenziwa kuqondwe kuphela kusukela umbono ngobunzima uphenyo nokuzimisela isimo esingokomzwelo umuntu okonile.

izimpawu okuphoqelekile ohlangothini subjective zobugebengu ezilotshwe lobugebengu umthetho h. 1. Art. 5 we Criminal Code, okhombisa ngokucacile indispensability we iphutha kule nokwakheka isenzo.

Uhlobo wecala: ngenhloso oqondile

Premeditation kuvunyelwe ukucabangela uhlobo oluvame kakhulu wecala ngenxa umphakathi, ngoba lowo okonile akuyona uyaqaphela kuphela uya isenzo esingekho emthethweni, kodwa futhi unxanela imiphumela engemihle. Wabuye kwenzekani lezi zinhlobo: nenkhulumombiko.

ngenhloso Direct - senzo esimeme sangamabomu kuncike, okuhloswe ngaso ukuqaliswa ubugebengu elihlobene ne ikhono lokubona izinto kusengaphambili imiphumela kubo (ke ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili: a nginenhliziyo nohlakaniphe). Ukuze bona umuntu uyothweswa icala okunjalo akusho lutho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayazi ukuthi kuyicala.

Phakathi uphenyo lokuziphatha ngokungafanele ezingekho emthethweni ecaleni kubaluleke kakhulu subjective icala, ifomu kuthengiselana. Uma siyiqaphele ngenhloso, it has a ingozi eliphezulu nomphakathi. Abanye imisebenzi engekho emthethweni Uyi priori ngenhloso, ngoba ukugcwaliseka izenzo ezinjalo, kanye nemiphumela yako, kusobala (ukuntshontshwa impahla kanye entry emzini womuntu, ukuphanga).

Uhlobo wecala: ngenhloso engaqondile

ngenhloso ongaqondile anezinye umehluko kusuka ngokuqondile, kodwa futhi athwala ingozi okusezingeni eliphezulu nomphakathi. isici Intellectual kuzo efanayo, ngoba kuzo zombili izimo, omunye uyaqaphela ukuthi isenzo esingekho emthethweni. ingxenye Volitional ngesimo ngenhloso kungenxa nandaba imiphumela (kodwa kukhona kuvisisa okungenzeka yabo nesenzakalo). Lowo okonile ngqo futhi ngokucacile kugxila imigomo, izisusa nezenzo, futhi imiphumela akuzona ukhiye kuso.

Umsebenzi lo mseshi iyona definition esiqondile uhlobo ngenhloso, njengoba ngomzamo senziwa kuphela ngenhloso oqondile. Futhi amacala indima kuncike (umculi, umhleli, ubhongoza wobubi, umbulali) kungenziwa ngamuntu ngezithukuthuku ukufakwa lesifanele.

Amafomu wecala: lightheadedness lobugebengu

Umqondo ohlangothini subjective secala sihlanganisa izimo isenzo ekhubazekile ngokunganakekeli. Ukubuka ovamile uwukuthi ngobudedengu bakhe abayizigebengu. Lolu hlobo ukunganaki libhekene yokuthi abantu baqonde ngokucacile ematfuba imiphumela engemihle, Nokho ngamawala bakholelwa ukuthi akuveli ku ngangokusemandleni abo, amakhono, amakhono athile, izici zobuntu (okuyinto baloko).

iphuzu Intelligent kulokhu zingachazwa ukuqonda komuntu Amathuba imiphumela engemihle, futhi nginenhliziyo - njengoba isihloko ukholo zokuvimbela yabo. Esikhathini Criminal Code aspect subjective yobugebengu, kunalokho lightheadedness, aliveli ukuzithela ngabandayo osonile nemiphumela ehlukile. Lowo okonile akafuni nesenzakalo yabo, ukholwa impumelelo izenzo zabo.

Amafomu wecala: ukunganaki lobugebengu

Kuzo zonke izindlela wecala ukunganaki lobugebengu kubhekwa okungenani eziyingozi emphakathini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lowo okonile engabondli abakubo imiphumela engemihle, kodwa-ke, ngenxa zabasebenzi noma eminye imisebenzi kumele futhi ungakwenza.

Zikhona amaphuzu amabili ayinhloko ezisiza ukuba afanelekele ukuba isenzo ukunganaki lobugebengu. Kungumsebenzi futhi ithuba. Eyokuqala umsebenzi, nezibopho nezinye, edinga abantu ukunakwa futhi landulele yonke imiphumela kunokwenzeka ezimbi. The kungenzeka kusho ukuthi indaba ingase elibanzi baqonde ukuthi kuyofika ukulahlekelwa kungenzeka.

Uhlangothi subjective zobugebengu emthethweni lobugebengu uyakufanelekela umphenyi, kodwa umkhuba kuphela olukhulu lomuntu oqeqeshiwe ungabahlukanisa kusukela ingozi budedengu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu akazange babikezele nesenzakalo nemiphumela engemihle ezingafakwanga okufanele kwenzeke, kodwa kwenzeka ngenxa sigameko.

iwayini elixutshwe emthethweni lobugebengu

Nakuba umthetho lobugebengu yasekhaya usungula kuphela ifomu classical wecala, ukuziba nezinye kungenzeka ezinzima isakhiwo ezingokwengqondo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi isikhathi eside wafunda ezahlukeneyo ezifana practice. Omunye wabo ixubene, iphutha kabili, okungase khona ezinye izihloko yomthetho lobugebengu.

Umsebenzi lo mseshi okungukuthi, okokuqala kunakho konke, ekunqumeni ngenhloso yayo yasekuqaleni lokhu. Isibonelo esingokoqobo, okungase kubangele ke sibanga usizi umonakalo komzimba. Uma umuntu eye yabangela wesisulu wasitshela ngezimoto zaso, kodwa afela khona ekugcineni, ubugebengu kubhekwa ngenhloso (isenzo main kwaba uhlamvu okunenjongo - lakhubaza abantu abantu). Umphenyi kufanele futhi ngakususi inhloso lomsolwa yokubangela ukufa isisulu, hhayi ukulimala. Lona umehluko oyinhloko, ngoba le misebenzi ukumboza ezihlukahlukene ubugebengu, izihloko, kukhona umehluko nesijeziso.

Lesi sibonelo nayo idinga ukucatshangelwa kunjalo atypical lapho wecala lomsolwa izonqunywa ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu impilo isisulu. Uma umuntu oyedwa kwabangela ezinye ukulimala kakhulu komzimba okuholele ekufeni, ngempela eyenziwa ukuhlolisisa forensic isidumbu. Ngenxa umsolwa angase ngempela kubangele ukulimala ukuba isisulu kuphela (ngaphandle zokufuna ekufeni), kodwa leli temu wafa ngenxa yezimo zempilo, izici ezithile zomkhathi lapho umzimba, ezingazange eyaziwayo okonile. Esimweni esinjalo, isenzo okuyofanele ke njengoba yokulimaza (ngaphandle esandisayo - okubangela ukufa).

izakhi Akuphoqelekile ohlangothini subjective

Izimpawu ohlangothini subjective icala - kuyinto iwayini hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi psychophysical okudinga ukufakwa at the stage of uphenyo owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala.

Uma uthi nhlá, iwayini kuphela liyadingeka ekunakeni amacala kuncike icala. Nokho, imibono enjalo ngokuthi "isisusa", "uphawu" futhi "isimo esingokomzwelo", ukudlala indima ebalulekile zonke izenzo zobugebengu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahlelwe sengqondo kuyinsakavukela noma cha. izenzo Unmotivated angeke kuhilelani ubugebengu (ethathwe eyaziwayo ngokwengqondo).

Nencazelo efanele yegama kulesi sigaba, njengoba izici ozikhethela ohlangothini subjective zobugebengu kuyasiza ukwazi hhayi kuphela ebusweni amaqiniso asobala leli cala, kodwa futhi ukuphenya ngokujulile Ubunikazi lowo owenze lokho. Leyo misebenzi ka umphenyi njengoba ezihlobene yobugebengu (ucwaningo ubuntu kumuntu osonile).

Isisusa njengoba isici ozikhethela ohlangothini subjective secala

Umqondo subjective ohlangothini ubugebengu akubandakanyi onjalo ezengeziwe (uyazikhethela) Ukusho njengoba umklamo. Lokhu singasho sithi uhlobo ngokwengqondo umqondo.

Izisusa wokuziphatha lobugebengu - iqoqo izizathu, izisusa kanye izinkolelo yangaphakathi ezibangela isifiso somuntu zehluleka ukwanelisa izidingo zabo zobugebengu. Basuke esihlobene izidingo, imfundo, uhlamvu, izindinganiso zokuziphatha ngamunye.

uhlangothi subjective lobugebengu emthethweni lobugebengu ayikwazi akhona ngaphandle lathathwa nefilosofi, Psychology kanye logic imiqondo. Motif futhi wenza ashukumisayo nezisusa eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengqondo ukusabela ezibanga isidingo nezidingo. Ngeke uhlukaniswe ezweni ngaphandle, ngoba isisusa kusekelwe ukuxhumana ezimweni ezithile, izenzakalo zezombusazwe, ebuhlotsheni nabantu, amazinga yomphakathi.

Izinhlobo izisusa emthethweni lobugebengu

Zonke izici ozikhethela ohlangothini subjective secala Awekho kangako, okubaluleke kakhulu iwayini. Okunye okubalulekile izinhlobo, ebonisa isigebengu esiyingozi, nezimiso zakhe zokuziphatha kanye nemizwelo ngokungafanele. Ukwahlukaniswa olula Motifs waboleka ke kusukela isayensi yokusebenza kwengqondo futhi bazivumelanisa yobugebengu.

1. ugqozi Negative (kukhona umbala asocial): ubugovu, intukuthelo, ukuhaha, impindiselo, inzondo, umona, nabanye abaningi. Ezimweni eziningi zenziwa nzima.
2. izizathu Ngiphakathi nendawo: abangasebenzi, ukunganakwa, isithukuthezi.
3. izisusa Positive: oluphathelene nokuzidela, umusa. Abanaso Nokho ngakususi necala lobugebengu, nokunciphisa isijeziso. ISIBONELO motif ethize omuhle kungaholela esimweni ukubulawa kwesiguli: umhlengikazi, abafisa lokunciphisa izinhlungu futhi ukudla lesiguli kwenza kube bafake into inomphumela ebulalayo emzimbeni. Ukoniwa izimisele siqala zinezinhloso ezinhle.

Umgomo njengengxenye ohlangothini subjective

Uma imbangela ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi kungani umuntu enze ubugebengu, ngenhloso akunika impendulo yombuzo kungani ikwenze. ubugebengu subjective libhekene ezahlukahlukene ngokwengqondo, kodwa umgomo idlala indima ebalulekile ekutadisheni sobugebengu kuyinto ezihlanekezelwe.

Ubuso ihlose ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukusebenzisa noma isiphi isenzo ngaphandle kokukhetha umuntu kuwubugebengu. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kungaba kuphela khona ngezindlela zakhe ngamabomu. Lesi sitatimende kungenziwa lithathwe logic, kusukela ukunganaki ilahlekelwa essence yayo lapho ngibeka imigomo isenzo esingekho emthethweni.

Isici subjective zobugebengu emthethweni lobugebengu, okungukuthi inhloso labafanelekako izihloko nokubonwa wezenzo icala ngezinye izikhathi ezibucayi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhloso zobugebengu kungehlela isijeziso: ukuhaha, impindiselo, nokwaneliseka izifiso zobulili, umona, wafihla elinye ubugebengu noma lula emsebenzini waso.

Inani target njengengxenye ohlangothini subjective secala

Injongo imvelo akuyona isigaba wezomthetho, kodwa ngokuvamile kakhulu umthetho lobugebengu (aspect subjective secala) isebenzisa njengethuba isici isihluku. ukubaluleka kwalo itholakala amaphuzu kuchaziwe ngezansi.

1. Ukuba khona nje injongo ekhethekile lokwenza ubugebengu unganquma ukuthi isenzo iyingozi emphakathini noma cha (Art. 1, Art. 162 Criminal Code).
2. Indima esasizibekele yona kungaba labafanelekako (ngokuvamile ngodlame) yezimo (ch. 1 v. 63 CC RF).

isimo esingokomzwelo - ohlangothini subjective secala

Imizwelo - impendulo womuntu emfushane izici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, okuyinto ziyabonakala izenzo, ukuziphatha. Bona azibonisi ngokoqobo inhloso, kodwa zibonisa subjectivism (iqoqo izinkolelo, imicabango). Isihloko kanye isici subjective secala ayikwazi bahlukana ngoba kuqala ngokusebenzisa ukucabanga, ukusabela, ubudlelwane zomphakathi inquma yokugcina (ngeke kube khona kungekho ke).

Kukhona isimo esicishe sibe nogqozi -aspect zenqubo linendima ebalulekile phakathi kwezinye imizwa. Art. 104 and Art. 110 we Criminal Code ukusungula malungiselelo akhethekile for ikhomishini ubugebengu ngesikhathi imizwa kwengqondo okunamandla nesiyaluyalu. Umphumela lezi zihloko kungadalwa ubudlova obungokomzimba noma kubahlinzeki ingxenye isisulu.

Isigameko noma ingozi

Zonke izici zokuphila kwethu ukuphila komuntu kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izimo kazusnye iyathinteka futhi umthetho lobugebengu (aspect subjective zobugebengu ngokukhethekile). Isikhundla echazwe ezilungisiwe ihora., Futhi 1 ihora. 2 tbsp. 28 we Criminal Code. Uma umuntu akazange aqonde noma bengaqondi ukuthi yena wabonakaliswa, ukwenza isenzo ekhubazekile, hhayi kusengaphambili futhi ayikwazanga angayenza kulesi simo, it uzakuthathwa abangenacala.

Nalowo oyobhekwa emthethweni lobugebengu

Leli lungiselelo kuyinto yeningi, enobuntu zomthetho, ngoba umuntu angeke kubhekwe isigebengu nje akunabufakazi ephambene. essence yayo kubonakala newayini, likhona okuqukethwe "ohlangothini subjective secala" umqondo. Isisusa, injongo nezinye izinto musa ukudlala indima ngoba ngokubaluleka kwayo ezincane nokuba yinkimbinkimbi ziqu.

Umuntu angase abe lobugebengu, kuphela ezimele isimo umzimba - inkantolo. Likhono nabanye abantu kanye nezinhlaka ebonakaliswa lula iqoqo ubufakazi. Ukuze afakazele icala isihloko kungenzeka kuphela uma eziningi ubufakazi obungenakuphikwa, kuphelele, kwanele futhi abazimele.

izimpawu okuphoqelekile ohlangothini subjective secala - into yokuqala ukuthi kumele wafunda ngokuhamba kunjalo, kusukela ekutholweni indawo, isikhathi, indlela, futhi ezinye izingxenye ezincane ngaphandle asungula wecala kuphela kuholela ukubambezeleka kokuthethwa kwecala. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka uphenyo owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala kwenqatshelwe igama isigebengu umsolwa. Ukwephula lesi simiso - lokhu ngokwehluleka ukuhambisana nomthetho ku obala kanye iyashesha kwesivivinyo.

Inani ohlangothini subjective we ubugebengu ezindaweni eziningi, okuye kubhekwe ngaphambili. Fingqa futhi.

1. Yilokho aspect subjective secala libonisa ohlangothini ngokwengqondo ubugebengu, okungadingi adinga uphenyo enemininingwane. Kungasiza futhi udale iphrofayela ngokwengqondo lowo owenze lokho. Isikhathi esining impela, incazelo eqondile izici ezingokwengqondo ezithile kumuntu osonile kusikisela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuziphatha post-Ijele, ukulungiswa kokushelela.
2. Isici subjective icala - ingxenye eyinhloko uphenyo, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ufanelekele isiphi isenzo njengoba ubugebengu. Uma kwamanye amagatsha umthetho ukuhlinzekela isijeziso kungekho cala, it kungavunyelwe emthethweni lobugebengu.
3. Ukutadisha isikhashana subjective secala kudinga zamakhono okusezingeni eliphezulu, imfundo ka amaphoyisa aqapha. Lapho amaphuzu umgomo bungaqoqwa wokuhlola lokuqala endaweni yesehlakalo, izici ezingokwengqondo zidinga ezahlukene kokuphenywa syntheses Luhlolo uphenyo esikhoselweni.

Isici subjective ukwephula lobugebengu - lena isithombe wangempela ngokwengqondo ubugebengu izibopho. Kuyasiza ukuxazulula izici yangaphakathi, izimbangela kanye izimo isenzo esinjalo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kubaluleke kakhulu kule nqubo lobugebengu.