Isikhathi Carboniferous

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka Carboniferous (elinye igama - Carboniferous) iningi ezweni lalinabashumayeli izwekazi ezimbili ezinkulu: Gondwana futhi Laurasia. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka ekuseni yayinesimo sezulu cishe nomaphi ezishisayo noma nakwezifudumele. izindawo Huge kwakuhlezi amaPhoyisa yolwandle engajulile. Olubanzi wamathafa-amanga ugu njalo amanzi lapho kwakhiwa ixhaphozi.

Kulesi kunomswakama futhi esishisayo lubhebhethekise izihlahla kusuka zohlinzamfuku. ihlathi okunjalo waqala ukwaba mass umoya-mpilo bese ngokushesha okuqukethwe igesi emkhathini isifike ezingeni lamanje. Ezinye izihlahla zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha amamitha amane nanhlanu. Izitshalo bagijima ngokushesha ukuze izilwane ezilwane ezingenamgogodla, okuyinto wahlala emhlabathini, akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze badle bese ukubola kubo. Ngenxa yalokho, izimila kuba more.

Kwakuphakathi nenkathi Carboniferous izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka ezifakwa Peat. Emaxhaphozini, basheshe bangena emanzini, ukwakha ezifakwa ezinkulu zamalahle. abantu Ngenxa Carboniferous angakhiqiza zamalahle ukukhiqiza therefrom izinto ezihlukahlukene (isib, amalahle itiyela).

Esikhathini Carboniferous ixhaphozi babe amahlozi horsetails futhi Inhlekelele, inani elikhulu izihlahla omkhulu (wona club kanye sigillaria kuhlanganisiwe). Lezi izimo zazingcono ekahle olwenzeka endaweni naphakathi ukuze izilwane zasemhlabeni lokuqala - krinodona futhi Ichthyostega ngoba eyisinambuzane (izicabucabu, amaphela, ojekamanzi meganeura).

Ngaleso sikhathi, izwe sase sihlala hhayi kuphela izitshalo, kodwa ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Okokuqala, ukuthi ephuma eyisinambuzane amanzi, okuyinto kamuva emenza iqembu izinambuzane. Njengoba liqala ukuzungeza umuzi emhlabeni wonke. Manje kukhona ayisigidi zinhlobo aziwa isayensi yesimanje. Ngokokunye ukulinganisela, ososayensi abangaba yizigidi ezingu amathathu Kusafanele ukuthola.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we Carboniferous

Esikhathini yamalahle, ngesikhathi kumiswa amalahle, kwakheka ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi imithi ewile asikwazanga ukubola bese iya emanzini okuyinto. Kube baphindiselwa emuva ku Peat namalahle. Phakathi kwezimila ngesikhathi yayibuswa Izinhlobo kuze kube ngamamitha amane nanhlanu, namahlamvu isikhathi esingaphezu imitha. Kodwa izihlahla wakhula omkhulu wona club kanye horsetails. Izihlahla kwaba uhlelo impande angajulile kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bonke emhlabeni sagcwala ngemiboko yazo. Lokhu ukhuni wamanziswa futhi efudumele. Izinhlobo ifinyelele ukuphakama ukhuni yesimanje. Babekwazi akhona kuphela endaweni zinomswakama. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka Carboniferous kukhona sezinhlamvu zezitshalo.

Baningi emaxhaphozini futhi creeks babe ngezizathu ekahle yokuzalela izilwane zasemhlabeni ekuseni futhi izinambuzane ezingenakubalwa. siqala izicabucabu. Phakathi ezihlahleni ezinde sasihamba ngendiza izimvemvane omkhulu, flying amaphela, mayflies futhi ojekamanzi. Izimila kancane ezibolile, millipedes giant wahlala (inkume futhi millipedes). Amphibians amehlo ayethe bulging futhi ibekwe phezu flat, ikhanda ezibanzi. Lokhu kwasiza eyisinambuzane amunca ukudla. ngokushesha Evolution eyaqanjwa izilwane zasemhlabeni giant (kufika ku eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubude), kanye izidalwa ngaphandle imilenze, okusikhumbuza izinyoka yesimanje. eziphilayo elikhulu ukhetha ukuqhubeka ukuzingela emanzini, futhi ezincane nozakwabo kancane kancane wathutha yamkhiphela emhlabathini.

Kukhona le ezihuquzelayo lokuqala - microsauria olufana izibankwa ezincane ngamazinyo esifushane futhi abukhali, kawayaphulanga izembozo kanzima izinambuzane. Isikhumba sabo has a umswakama permeable futhi wabanika ithuba ukuchitha ukuphila kwabo ngaphandle amadamu. Niziklabise kwaba ngaphezu kokwanele: centipedes, izimpethu, kanye izinambuzane eziningi. Ngo ezihuquzelayo kancane kancane asikho isidingo ukubuyela amanzi amaqanda. Baqala amaqanda endaweni igobolondo obunesikhumba. Cubs engumfanekiso encane yabazali bazo.