Isitshalo seqanda "sihle esimnyama." Izici ezihlukahlukene

Isitshalo seqanda sisaziwa kubantu abaningi njengemifino esiphundu esetshenziselwa izitsha eziningi. Kodwa akubona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemvelo zalesi sitshalo. Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi namandla ukuze uthole le mifino ematafuleni ethu. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, umuntu angazihlukanisa nalabo abasanda kuhoxiswa. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nezifo futhi zilungile ekukhuleni kokubili ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile. Abalimi abaningi beloli isikhathi eside baye bakhetha ama-arborine "abamnyama." Sizokhuluma ngezici ezihlukahlukene zezobuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhulisa lemifino esihlokweni sethu.

Umlando wesitshalo

Kuphi lokhu okungaqondakali, lapho uqala ukubuka, imifino iphuma? Wafika kithi evela eNdiya. Lapho futhi ungahlangana nesitshalo endle, okukhumbuza kakhulu isitshalo seqanda. Kwakuqala ukusetshenziswa njengomuthi. Kuphela ngekhulu lama-15 kuphela laqala ukusetshenziselwa ukudla, futhi lafundwa ngokwengeziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. EYurophu, waqanjwa ngokuthi "i-apple yothando", noma "i-apple engcolile". Konke kwakuxhomeke emthethweni owawukhiqizayo. Kancane kancane, abaseYurophu baqala ukuwuthaka ngebhotela nepelepele njengamakhowe. Ngekhulu lama-17 isitshalo seqanda safika eMelika, futhi ngekhulu le-18 - eRussia. Ezweni lakithi lesi sitshalo sanda kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Isimo sezulu lapha sasifanele, kepha umbala weqanda wasitshala ngokuthi "okwesibhakabhaka".

Izinhlobo zanamuhla

Namuhla izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo ziye zavuthwa. Isitshalo seqanda "esimnandi somnyama" singomunye wazo. Kukhona izinhlamvu zomjikelezo ojikelezayo, oval, omele futhi ovate. Umbala we-isitshalo seqanda nawo uhlukile ngokuhlukahluka, kusuka ku-violet yendabuko kuya kumhlophe, kumnyama noma kumsundu. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-aubergine "ezimnyama" zinefomu eliphakathi kwe-pear. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zikhulu. Ubude babo bufinyelela kumamitha angu-19. Isisindo se-aubergine "esihle esimnyama" singafinyelela amagremu angu-900. Igama layo linikezwe kulezi zihlukahlukene ngenxa yembala yayo enhle emnyama ne-violet. Isitshalo seqanda sinomzimba obumnyama kakhulu wombala omhlophe, okungenakho ukufutheka. Esikwenzeni ukwelulekwa kokudla ukusebenzisa izithelo ezincane, ezingenakuhlungwa. Ukuvuthwa okuphakathi kwe-aubergine kufanele kuhlanjululwe isikhumba ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Bese bafafaza ngosawoti bese behamba okwesikhashana, ngakho ukufutheka okungadingekile kushiye. Isitshalo seqanda "esimnyama esimnandi" singadliwa ngesikhumba.

Inani lokudla okunomsoco we-isitshalo seqanda

Inani lalemifino laziwa ngisho nasendulo. Walinganiselwa ngaphambi kokunambitha. Isitshalo seqanda sinomsoco we-potassium, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukudla ngokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wezinhliziyo. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zinciphisa i-cholesterol egazini futhi zinciphisa ingozi ye-edema. I-fibre, equkethwe isitshalo seqanda, ijwayelekile ukusebenza komathumbu futhi ivimbele ukutholakala kwesifo se-sclerosis. Izithelo ziqukethe ithusi nensimbi, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwegazi. Ngayo yonke inzuzo, isitshalo seqanda umkhiqizo ophansi wekhalori futhi kunconywa ukudla okunomsoco.

Khetha ezihlukahlukene

Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile futhi ujabulele ukunambitheka kwalemifino enhle, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele noma nzalo. Ama-hybrids esizukulwaneni sakamuva aphikisana nezifo futhi ukulima kwawo kunikeza imiphumela emihle, kodwa badinga amasu aphezulu okulima nokunakekelwa kangcono. Phakathi kwale nzalo kungatholakala isitshalo seqanda "omnyama omnandi." Ukubuyekeza ngaye kungukuphela kokuhle kakhulu. Labo abaye bazama ukukhula le hybrid, phawula isivuno esikhulu nokuphikisana nezifo. Ikakhulukazi lesi sitshalo seqanda sinconywa ukuthi sikhule ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma emhlabathini ovikelekile. Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo kufinyelela ezingamamitha angu-70.

Izici zobuchwepheshe bezolimo

Yini okudingeka ukwazi ukuze ukhule isitshalo seqanda "omnyama"? Incazelo ichazwa njalo esikhwameni sembewu, kodwa umuntu kufanele azi ngeyindlela yokukhula kancane kancane. Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zalesi sitshalo, kudinga izimo ezikhethekile. Lesi yisiko esinothando lokushisa esingathandabuli izinguquko nezinguquko zokushisa okungazelelwe. Isikhathi semifino ye-hybrid, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, akuyona isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kusukela kumahlumela okuqala ukuvuna ukudlula kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-110 kuya kweziyi-145. Konke kuxhomeke ekugcinweni kobuchwepheshe bezolimo kanye nekhwalithi yezithombo. Ukuze ukhule izithombo zangaphambi kokubalulekile kuyadingeka. Lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemvelo zalesi sitshalo. Isitshalo seqanda "esimnandi somnyama" sidinga kakhulu ukushisa nokukhanya. Ukukhula kwawo kunganciphisa uma sekuyisikhathi eside isimo sezulu sezulu sakhiwe, inhlabathi enamandla kakhulu, umswakama ophezulu womoya nomhlaba, ukuhlwanyela kakhulu kwezitshalo. Zonke lezi zici zithonya kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.

Sitshala izithombo

Ukuze uthole isitshalo esinamandla nesivumelayo, kufanele ukhethe imbewu efanele. Kudinga ukuthengwa kuphela ezinkampanini ezithembekile. Kuphela kule nkinga isitshalo seqanda "esihle esimnyama" sizobonisa ukuhluma okuphelele. Ikhwalithi yembewu iyinhloko esemqoka yokuvuna esizayo. Bese kufanele batshalwe ukuze bathole izithombo. Uhlobo luni lomhlabathi lapho isitshalo seqanda "sihle esimnyama" sikhetha? Ukubuyekeza kanye nezeluleko ezivela ochwepheshe batusa ukukhetha izwe elikhanyayo, elivundile kakhulu. I-greenhouse kufanele ifakwe kahle. Akufanele kube nemimoya noma imidwebo. Ukuhlwanyela kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokusukela ngo-10 kuya ku-20 Mashi. Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu akudingekile, ngoba ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo zizophuma futhi kuzoba nzima ukuhlala phansi. Ukuze usebenze kahle, imbewu ingahle ihlume. Ngokuba izithombo kungcono ukuthatha izimbiza ezincane ezihlukene. Isimpande sesitshalo seqanda sisengozini kakhulu, futhi kungcono ukungayiphazamisi lapho kuguqulwa. Njengoba ukukhula kwezithombo kungafakwa kwisitsha esikhulu. Isitshalo seqanda esibomvu sinamaqabunga amahle, ngakho-ke ukuchelela kufanele kube nokuningi. Okungenani amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, kudingekile ukuba uqale ukudlala izithombo ukuze uzilungiselele izimo zemvelo.

Ukudlula izithombo

Isitshalo seqanda "sihle esimnyama" sitshalwe emhlabathini kusukela ngoMeyi 15 ukuya ku-30. Ngalesi sikhathi, izitshalo kufanele zifinyelele ngamasentimitha angu-20-25 futhi zibe namaqabunga angama-8 anempilo. Ngokuphathelene nayo yonke imithetho yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo, izithombo zinamanani ahlanganisiwe, umbala ohlaza kanye nezimpande eziqinile. Ukutshala ama-arborini emadolobhaneni endaweni evulekile, kungcono ukumboza ngefilimu. Ukuze kusetshenziswe isitshalo kubalulekile ukuhlomisa imibhede, ububanzi bayo cishe ngamasentimitha angu-90, nokuphakama kwama-20-25 amasentimitha. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla kufanele libe okungenani amasentimitha angu-50. Lezi zitshalo ezinkulu ezineqabunga elihle. Ukuze utshale wenze izimbobo, uthele ama-humus amancane uthele amanzi afudumele. Ama-eggplants atshalwe futhi afafazwe phezulu emhlabeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, akukho ukuchelela okwengeziwe okudingekayo. Uma izithombo ziqothula, qiniseka ukuthi u-mulch. Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kuhlanganisa ukuchelela nokufaka umquba (nitrogen ne-phosphorus kuyadingeka ukuze kukhule), ukukhululeka komhlaba nokulawula ukhula. Kuzo zonke izimo, isivuno se-aubergine "esimnyama esimnandi" sizoba phezulu kakhulu.