Isomers wezakhiwo - wukuthi

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa isomers kwesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi isakhiwo sabo kanye nezinhlobo isomerism. Sihlaziya ngokuningiliziwe lo mkhuba isomerism, futhi kuzonikezwa izibonelo ukusetshenziswa kwabo ukuphila.

Lo mkhuba isomerism

Isomerism - isenzakalo esithile esikhethekile, kokuqagela ukuba khona amakhemikhali. compounds, labo kunazo - compounds isomer nge izingoma ezifanayo futhi izinsimbi yamangqamuzana zama-athomu kokuba umehluko ilungiselelo le-athomu emkhathini noma isakhiwo sabo, okuholela ushintsho nokutholwa ezahlukene, izakhiwo ezintsha. isomers wezakhiwo - kukhona izinto kwakhiwa ngenxa yoshintsho anjalo esikhathini isikhundla sama-athomu yabo emkhathini, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi kabanzi.

Ekhuluma isomerism, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi ukhona inqubo enjalo, njengoba isomerization, okuyinto inqubo shintsho komunye isomer kwesinye ngenxa ye amakhemikhali. kugucuka.

izinhlobo isomerism

Isomerism Valence - isakhiwo uhlobo isomer, lapho ukuhunyushwa isomers ngokwabo (eyodwa kuya kwenye) kungenzeka ngenxa ukuhanjiswa Valence izibopho.

Isomerism Sinjalo isimo uhlobo olufanayo izinto carbon skeleton kodwa functionalities ezahlukene isikhundla. Isibonelo okuphawuleka acid 2- kanye 4-chlorobutane.

isomerism Interclass uyazifihla umehluko yayo phakathi isomers ngokwesimo amaqembu sokusebenza.

Metamerism - ukusatshalaliswa izikhundla carbon ama-athomu phakathi inombolo carbon radicals, heteroatom molecule ukhonza isihlukanisi. Lolu hlobo isomerism isici ama, thioalcohols, esters, alula nanzima.

Isomerism carbon skeleton - uyaphikisana ama-athomu isikhundla carbon, nokuningi ngokunembile ngokulandelana kwazo. Ngokwesibonelo: phenanthrene futhi anthracene babe ifomula jikelele S14N10, kodwa uhlobo oluhlukile ukuhanjiswa Valence izibopho.

isomers kwesakhiwo

isomers wezakhiwo - kukhona izinto kokuba isakhiwo efanayo elibona nxazonke ifomula, kodwa kuhluke ifomula yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo. isomers wezakhiwo - lolu hlobo izinto, okuyinto efana ncamashí nomunye izingoma ambalwa kanye qualitative, kodwa oda kunenze nisondelane-athomu (isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali) has umehluko.

isomers Bezakhiwe ihlukaniswa ngohlobo isakhiwo icwecwe eliqophayo, izinhlobo zazo letinikwe lapha ngenhla esigabeni on the izinhlobo isomerism.

ifomula Bezakhiwe isomer izidakamizwa has a ezahlukene zokuguqulwa. Ezinye izibonelo isomerism kungaba izinto ezifana butanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, methyl propionate, dioxane, ETHYL acetate, formate isopropyl babe Ukwakheka ezifanayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zama-athomu sakhiwa izinto, kodwa zingafani isikhundla zama-athomu kwakwakhe.

Esinye isibonelo esiphawulekayo isomerism - iyona ukhona pentane, neopentane futhi isopentane.

amagama isomers

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isomers kwesakhiwo - kukhona izinto kokuba isakhiwo efanayo elibona nxazonke ifomula, kodwa kuhluke ifomula yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo. compounds okunjalo abe ngezigaba okuhambelana izici izakhiwo zabo, isakhiwo kanye isikhundla zama-athomu isomer molecule umehluko lemali amaqembu obusebenzayo Valence izibopho, khona ama-athomu yesici esithile ketshezi, njll Amagama isomers kwesakhiwo etholwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ake sicabangele isibonelo 3-methylbutanol 1 alcohols njengoba ummeleli.

Endabeni le alcohols ekulungiseleleni alcohols wabo bonke amagama iqala ukukhethwa yochungechunge carbon okuyinto evelele izinombolo Kwenziwa, injongo okuyinto - esabelweni OH iqembu owesincane, izinombolo kungenzeka oda elinikeziwe. Igama ngokwalo uqale shintsha nge chain carbon, kulandele igama wesifunda enkulu, bese wanezela Isijobelelo-ol, futhi izinombolo ukhombise athomu carbon eziboshiwe eqenjini OH.