Iyini i-CPU?

Ikhompiyutha iyinkimbinkimbi yamadivaysi ahlukene, ahlangene kuleloyunithi elilodwa ngokusebenzisa amabhasi (okwenzelwe izingxenye zangaphakathi). Isibonelo, isakhiwo soma iyiphi ikhompyutha ihlanganisa i-RAM, i-CPU, i-adapter yevidiyo, njll. Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kunazo zonke iprosesa ephakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola amanye amagama: I-CPU (i-English Central Processing Unit) - iyunithi yekhompyutha eyisisekelo), iphesenti, itshe.

Iyini i-CPU ngokomsebenzisi ojwayelekile? Ngokufaniswa nomzimba womuntu, amaphesenti angafaniswa nobuchopho. Uwenza zonke izibalo zezibalo futhi kancane kancane uqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwezakhi phakathi kwabo. Ngokomzimba, iprosesa yiyona chip enkulu kunazo zonke, efakwe kwisixhumi esikhethekile sebhodi le-motherboard. Ngaphakathi kwayo kunezifunda eziyinkimbinkimbi zomqondo wezinguquko eziningana zezigidigidi. Abantu abanesithakazelo embuzweni othi "yiyiphi i-CPU" bangakwazi ukubona kalula iprosesa phakathi kwezinye izingxenye zangaphakathi. Ngemuva kwalokho konke, kuhlale kunesistimu yokupholisa okusebenzayo: i-radiator yensimbi enkulu kanye nomshayeli. Isidingo sabo sibangelwa ukuthi amandla adliwe yi-chip ngokuvamile aphindwe ngamashumi ama-watts. Umthamo omncane wokusabalalisa kanye namandla amakhulu kuholela ekushiseni kwecala le-CPU, okudinga ukusebenzisa ukupholisa.

Abakhiqizi beprosesa baxazulula ngokuhlukile inkinga yokufudumala: abanye balungiselela ukwakha, ukufaka izindlela zokunqamula ukuvimbela amabhlokhi angasetshenzisiwe, abanye banciphisa amandla okunikezela futhi basebenzisa impumelelo yangamuva ("mncane" inqubo yobuchwepheshe) yokukhiqiza, njll. Okwamanje, "abadlali" abakhulu emakethe yezinqubo eziphambili Amakhompiyutha edeskithophu nama-laptops yizinkampani ezimbili - i-Intel ne-AMD. Ngakho-ke, yonke ingqalasizinda ishintshwe eziciweni zemikhiqizo yazo.

Ngokuvamile umbuzo othi "yiyiphi i-CPU" inikeza izimpendulo ezenziwe ngokujwayelekile. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokucacile: manje igama elithi "iprosesa" liye lazuza incazelo ebanzi kunengxenye "yekhompyutha." Ngakho, kunoma yiliphi ifoni yesimanje yeselula kuneyunithi eyenza izibalo zezibalo - lokhu kuyiprosesa. Ngisho nabanikazi bamathoyizi abantwana abaphethwe bayasiza ukwazi ukuthi i-CPU ingubani, ngoba nayo ineyunithi yokufunda.

Ngokusobala, ngaphandle kokucabangela isimiso seprosesa, akunakwenzeka ukuqonda izici ezijwayelekile zokusebenza kwayo. Ukusebenza kwe-CPU kulawulwa yizinhlelo. Ziyiziqoqo zemilayezo yeprosesa, ebhalwe ngolunye ulimi lohlelo. Ekhuluma ngolimi lomuntu, lolu hlelo luchaza ukulandelana ngqo kwezenzo. Wonke umuntu ukhumbula noma okungenani wezwa ngolimi oluyisisekelo lohlelo. Kuyo, ukuze udwebe umbuthano esibukweni, kwadingeka wenze i-Circle command (izixhumanisi). Izimiso zanamuhla zokudala izinhlelo zihlale zifana: imisebenzi idalwa imiyalo yezilimi zokuhlela. Uma uhlelo luqaliswa kukhompyutheni, isofthiwe ekhethiwe yesofthiwe ishintsha imiyalo yolimi olusetshenziselwa ikhodi yomshini ehloselwe ukucubungula ngqo kwi-CPU. Le khodi iyinambambili, kulandelana kwamanye nama-zero. Abantu abaningi abakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kunqunywe ukuthi kusetshenziswe uhlelo lokubambisana, kunokuba idesimali elilodwa elijwayelekile. Eqinisweni, konke kuchazwa ngokumane nje: amadijithi kanambambili angamelwa kalula ngemilayezo yabashushumbisi ngokwabo. Isibonelo, njengoba sikhuluma ngamadivaysi edijithali, singacabanga ukuthi "1" njengombane ngesisekelo se-transistor ethile, futhi "0" - njengoba engekho. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sokuqala, i-transistor ivulekile futhi idlulisa amanje ngokwayo, futhi okwesibili - ivaliwe (yebo, konke okulula futhi nokubhuka okuningi).

Isivinini sokwenziwa kwemiyalelo yohlelo sinquma ijubane leprosesa. Lokhu kuthinta ukwakhiwa, imvamisa yezifunda zangaphakathi, ukukhishwa kwekhodi.