Iyini ingcindezi gas, liquid okuqinile

Kakade endulo, abantu besola ukuthi kucindezela umoya uketshezi empeleni. Ezinye imibono mayelana nesakhiwo sama-athomu angu ndaba behlele kithi enkondlweni Lucretius 'Ngolweshumi Umhlobo Izinto ", futhi lokhu inkathi endala, ngenkathi yokucindezela izakhiwo ziye wayisebenzisa kakade eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngabapristi igesi evuthayo futhi lanwetshwa "ngomlingo" isicabha amathempeli, nabakhi esetshenziswa lift wokubacindezela amabhlogo itshe elisindayo.

Namuhla, umbuzo onjani ingcindezi njengoba ubuningi ngokomzimba, impendulo: kuba isilinganiso amandla per unit endaweni. Ngakho-ke, umfutho womoya, ukucindezela uketshezi kule isitsha futhi ukucindezela umzimba eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ukuba ukwesekwa - kuthiwa izenzakalo ezihlobene. Ngenxa yokuthi abathintekayo ibutho, ingcindezi zingenziwa ukwenza umsebenzi (the engumthengisi futhi ngajabulela abapristi baseGibhithe lasendulo).

Nge ukucindezela umzimba okuqinile on a support, isimiso, kucacile. isisindo umzimba - amandla, futhi ihlukaniswe yaba oxhumana endaweni ukwesekwa umzimba. Nokho, in the ketshezi negesi izinhlayiya akuzona nje uphumule. Babehlale ukwenza ngokunyakaza noma Brownian ukulethwa okungahleliwe noma okubhekiswe yomthelela we amabutho angaphandle noma izimo sangaphakathi sohlelo. Ingcindezi kudalwa iziteleka izinhlayiya odongeni isitsha.

Amandla ohilelekile ukudalwa ingcindezi kulesi simo - ke umuzwa enikeza kuyizinhlayiyana ngayinye per unit isikhathi. Inkinga ikuphi-ingabe umfutho namandla, siyaqonda uma sikhumbula kinematics ifomula uchaza ukushayisana nokunwebeka zemizimba. I-molecule noma athomu okusamanzi negesi uthathwa njengomgcini sphere nokunwebeka. Ngaphakathi ngokuqhubekayo nqwamana nomunye ketshezi kanye gaseous izidakamizwa izinhlayiya, amandla kanye nomfutho exchange. Ngakho-ke, ingcindezi futhi ongagcini nje ngenhlonipho odongeni isitsha, kodwa futhi ngaphakathi iyiphi into.
Ngisho ngaphakathi cleaner kuba njalo ethile izinhlayiya ukuthi ukudala ingcindezi kancane kuwo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lolu hlobo lokucindezeleka esikhaleni nje likhona, kwembula ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi a cleaner - ke kuyize eliphelele, futhi kwakha ingcindezi zero. physics esikoleni Yiqiniso osebenzisa lesi nokucabanga manje.

Ukubuyela ukunyakaza izinhlayiya. Kuyokusiza ukuba siqonde lokho kuyinto ingcindezi kinetic futhi static. Lapho izinhlayiya ziyahamba okungahleliwe ezishisayo, okuyinto njalo, kukhona ingcindezi static. Lapho isetshenziswa uhlelo noma iliphi ithonya zangaphandle, futhi leso sicelo izinhlayiya kokuba isiqondiso evelele, lalezi zinhlobo efanayo uqale ukuzakhela ingcindezi kinetic.

ingcindezi Static kungabonakala nasemkhakheni, isibonelo, phansi kubhavu wawugcwalisa ngamanzi. Uma sithulula empompini, adubule jet wamanzi kuzodala ingcindezi eyengeziwe kinetic. Kalula kungenzeka ukubala, esekelwe yezakhi efanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla maqondana ukushayisana nokunwebeka izinhlayiya. I jet has a Isivinini elinganisiwe kanye nomfutho benana nge phansi okugeza engozini. ingcindezi ohlelweni Okugcwele (okugeza amanzi) kuyoba ilingana nenani lezinombolo yezingcindezi kinetic futhi static.