Izikhangibavakashi emuva ngesikhathi: kanjani futhi nini ithelevishini yokuqala

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu bephupha ekunqobeni ukubukeka ibanga elide. Lesi sifiso zivela inganekwane nama-legends. Kukhona izindaba eziningi magic izibuko, Amathafa, nezinye imilingo Fairy zokundlulisela isithombe. Kodwa ukwenza lokhu iphupho eyenzekayo bahluleka ngakho kudala - nje ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, futhi lapho TV lokuqala - yayibukeka njengesikhonyane isimangaliso. TV Modern isivele waqonda njengoba into kuyabonakala, futhi akekho ecabanga lokhu okusungulile ushintshe jikelele.

TV: Indlela iqala

Owenza irhubhululo theory ne practical lokuqala kwi isihloko ithelevishini waqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Kodwa ngo-1880, ososayensi - American E. Sawyer futhi engumFulentshi Moris Leblan, ahlinzekwa isimiso esiyisisekelo okusebenzela ithelevishini, kodwa ukuphothulwa yalo iyona unjiniyela German okuthiwa uPaul Nipkow, kamuva lobunikazi lobu buchwepheshe. Izimiso zalo eziyisisekelo imi kanje:

elementi esithombeni ngasinye ukuskena ngokushesha futhi ngokulandelana, umugca ngemugca kanye ifreyimu by Uhlaka ngocansi. Idivayisi, Nipkow disc isihloko, wawufana disk ligijima ne ububanzi 50 cm ezaziyincithakalo izimbobo ukubeka. Image ukuskena eyenziwa ugongolo ukukhanya, futhi ukudluliswa okwalandela isignali lwenziwa Transmitter. I ithelevishini yokuqala kwakukhona futhi ifakwe disk ligijima ne izimbobo, okuyinto zitholakala ngemva isibani neon, kodwa inqubo imaging kwenziwa oda reverse. With simiso isithombe esilula ukuthi afakwa esikrinini. Kwakuwusuku TV wokuqala emhlabeni, esekelwe design elele Mechanics, ngakho ukudluliswa kwe-ikhwalithi yesithombe kwakungenakwenzeka. Kule ndaba, mechanical amathelevishini eyathatha isikhathi esifushane.

Lapho ithelevishini cathode lokuqala ray ezisekelwe

Ngo-1888, sibonga physics German Genrihu Gertsu, izwe wafunda umphumela Photoelectric. Usosayensi wathola ukuthi ukukhanya kuthinta ugesi, kodwa abakwazanga ukukuchaza ngokugcwele futhi ukudalula ubunjalo lomkhuba. Futhi kuphela 1905 kwakunokwenzeka ukwenza Albertu Eynshteynu. Ngo-1879, usosayensi oyiNgisi Uilyam Kruks wadala cathode-ray tube wavula daba - the phosphors ezikhazimulayo uma zichayeka imisebe cathode. Waqala kanjalo-ke ngenkathi cathode ray amathelevishini, okuzokwenza ekugcineni zasakazekela kulo lonke izwe. Ngo-1936, lapho ithelevishini kuqala electronics, American zocwaningo laboratory ephethwe RCA usosayensi Russian Zworykin, ngakho-ke kubhekwa umsunguli ithelevishini yesimanje. Ngo-1939, RCA wabonisa ithelevishini apharathasi lokuqala nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ngobuningi, eyaziwa ngokuthi RCS TT-5. Lapho ithelevishini yokuqala, wayengumuntu ibhokisi elikhulu nelisindayo sokhuni, ifakwe kuphela screen-5 intshi. Esikhathini esithile malostrochnye (mechanical) uhlelo TV Bahlala nge-elekthronikhi, kodwa ekupheleni the forties kwekhulu lama-20 bafaka ngokuphelele amadivayisi ayi- elekhthroniki.