Izinhlobo gearboxes: incazelo, izithombe

abakhiqizi Modern efakwe izimoto ezihlukahlukene transmission, kanye nezimboni akusiyo kuphela automatic transmission izinhlelo. Ngisho ikhipha amabhokisi elula mechanical zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezahlukene futhi babe nezici. Ake sihlole izinhlobo akhona gearboxes. Izithombe hhayi kuphela - kamuva esihlokweni.

ukudluliswa imanuwali

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi sika ukudluliswa mechanical kokusungulwa kuye kwaba kuka eyikhulu. Ngoba konke lokhu iminyaka, abaklami onjiniyela ozenze indlela ibhokisi igiya eziningi izinguquko avunyelwe ukuba ngilethe le indlela cishe ekupheleleni, futhi manje ebhokisini awayindwayo cishe awekho amaphutha sina. ukudluliswa Manuwali manje ubhekwa njengomunye elula kakhulu futhi elula, nakuba kukhona izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi of gearboxes. Kodwa ukubiza a elula elula ukuthi kungaba ibhokisi lapho isibalo izigaba akuyona kuka-5 kuphela - ukhetho best. abakhiqizi Modern ukukhiqiza ukudluliswa bhukwana kanye inani elikhulu izinyathelo, isibonelo, zikhona ezinye izinhlobo omoya manual nge izigaba eziyisithupha. Nokho, lokhu akuphazamisi nekusebenta izinjini yesimanje.

Ngokulandelana Gearbox Manual

Lolu hlelo ukudluliswa kwidivaysi bese isimiso senzo siphinda osebenza ku lokukhanda. Umqondo usebenzisa idivayisi ezifana imoto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi zaba zimbi ka Ngini onjiniyela. Isebenza ukuthi isinqumo ngesisekelo bendabuko gearbox manual, kodwa ukulawula drive wenziwa esebenzisa izinhlaba. Izici eziyinhloko ukuthi ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo omoya - bona ngokuvumelana Isimiso esiyisisekelo usuke futhi kulandzelanisa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa lula nenduduzo ngenkathi ushayela - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kudingeka uhambe. Phakathi izinzuzo ukudluliswa ezilandelanayo anganikeza ithuba kukhethwa elilungile ijubane ngokusebenzisa okusheshayo ukushintsha serial usuke imisebenzi ngaphandle sanoma yikuphi ukulimala kwe injini at revs okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo kubhekwa ukuthi umshayeli ilawula usuke - ku amasondo ayo, kukhona ekhethekile shifters gwedla ezivumela kweso ujike igiya kwesokudla ngesivinini. Ngo lezi PPC esetshenziswa igiya ngamazinyo ngqo, kodwa synchronizers ezisesandleni Mechanics bendabuko - uma wena ungekho. pinion ijubane ukujikeleza kuqondiswa nge inzwa isivinini kule control unit. Lezi zinhlobo amabhokisi kakhulu othanda yamahhashi abashayeli, ngoba u-80% isikhathi ukufakwa igiya kwesokudla. Lokhu kwenza ukushayela ukhululekile kokubili Wabasaqalayo abashayeli professional.

PPC kunendawo enkulu engahlolwa amarobhothi

izinhlelo Robotic - kukhona izinhlobo omoya angesibo mechanical noma othomathikhi. Robotic PPC ingafaniswa ukudluliswa ezilandelanayo, kodwa bazi ukuthi banesibophezelo electronics ukushintsha, futhi izixazululo kunendawo enkulu engahlolwa amarobhothi ngokushintsha ukudluliswa ihlangabezana drive okhethekile electromechanical. Kuhlanganisa la mabhokisi nge Eqinisweni mechanical ukuthi ngesisekelo lesi design bendabuko ukudluliswa manual, kodwa kushaft ngamunye ifakwe bamba lalo. Isici design ukuthi babe zalezi zinhlobo gearboxes, kubhekwa nokwenzeka ukubala ukudluliswa, okuyinto okwamanje kungaba elilungile kakhulu imodi ethile. omoya ababhekene nesimo esinje kungabaduduza bathi asihlobene bhukwana. Nokho, lokhu kuyinto isixhumanisi Lesisemkhatsini phakathi Mechanics kanye automatic transmission kuzo zombili intengo futhi ukusebenza.

Isakhiwo ukudluliswa mechanical

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene. Transmission imoto kungaba ezahlukene design kanye nesakhiwo. Zonke ekhona emhlabeni kusukela ebhokisini zingahlukaniswa zibe ezimbili ezintathu-shaft. Esimweni ngasinye, zikhona izinzuzo kanye nezici.

Two-shaft ukudluliswa imanuwali

-Drive kushaft ngoba uhlelo ukudluliswa kuqinisekisa uxhumano egcwele bamba. Umphini okukhipha athambekele ukuze block nge kwamagiya. Bobabili unikeze ezahlukene emincane Isivinini umehluko. Mshini usuke ungase unikezwe usebenzisa izinduku noma izinkampani ezisebenzisa izintambo ekhethekile. Inketho elula, ephumelelayo futhi enokwethenjelwa kubhekwa izindophi. Ezinye izinhlobo omoya (VAZ-2107, isibonelo) ifakwe kulolu hlobo drive. Libuye idrayivu ezivamile. Isimiso yokusebenza ye PPC ezifana kakhulu efana algorithm ezintathu-shaft izenzo angabanjwa. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo kwezinye izici ukufakwa ukudluliselwa. Lapho ukudluliswa kunikwe amandla, isigwedlo uhlukaniswa uba kokubili isiqondiso longitudinal futhi transverse. Ukukhethwa ukudluliswa oyifunayo inikezwa esebenzisa izakhi kanye nokuxhumana yabo.

ezintathu-shaft ukudluliswa imanuwali

CPT iklanyelwe ukuba khona ukushayela imiphini enophephela. Basuke ifakwe synchronizers namagiya, kanye lo mshini ukufakwa ukudluliselwa. Esebenzisa drive kushaft kuhlinzekwe yinkampani uxhumano mshini bamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho idrayivu shaft, kukhona futhi eliphakathi nendawo, ehlanganisa amagiya unit. Mshini usuke kule PPC izindlu. ukwakhiwa kwalo siqukethe slide ngemfoloko. Ukuze ugweme umsebenzi amagiya ezimbili ngesikhathi, usebenzise akude izindlela ukulawula. Lezi amabhokisi unganikezi ekudluliseni torque amasondo phambi. Lapho umshayeli ushukumisela isigwedlo shift, ukuhambisa bamba. Ngosizo yayo nesivinini ukuvumelanisa.

Izinhlobo omoya othomathikhi

Izakhamuzi emadolobheni akhethwe umshini. I-agumenti esiyinhloko automatic transmission - lula. Futhi yebo, nge-othomathikhi inqubo control sezimoto lula kakhulu Eqinisweni,. Kodwa ukuthola ukuthi kunani ngaphansi ukujwayele ukuba wonke amazwi umshayeli "umshini"? Ake sibone ukuthi yini izinhlobo gearboxes ukunikela abakhiqizi yesimanje.

Gidrotransfortmatornaya automatic transmission

Lena Classic phakathi omoya othomathikhi. Mshini kuyinto mechanical gearbox ne torque Converter. ukudluliselwa torque engu kusukela injini ngowokuqala wenziwa wesibili. Gidrotrasformator imelela impeller, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi actuated esebenzisa zomshini. Leli sondo ihlinzeka uwoyela torque engu-transmission, kanye kwenza isici umsebenzi, torque okokufaka kushaft PPC. Nge zonke izinzuzo Converter torque engu has a ukusebenza kahle aphansi kakhulu. Kodwa lokhu kude kalula zokusebenzela, ushintsho bushelelezi torque, kanye nokuncipha okukhulu enanini legciwane phezu izingxenye powertrain.

tiptronic

It gidromehanichekaya ibhokisi control manual. Ngokokuqala ngqá lezi izinhlelo efakwe kule-yalolucwaningo 90 phezu Porsche brand izimoto futhi kamuva tipronikom nentshisekelo BMW, Audi, kanye nezinye automakers. Eqinisweni abathandwayo - nomkhiqizi uyaqiniseka ukuthi lokhu akusilo elilodwa izinhlobo automatic transmission, kodwa uhlobo inkinobho. Ngo ezejwayelekile automatic transmission, kule modi usebenza njengomfula othomathikhi bendabuko. Nokho, umshayeli unethuba nganoma yingasiphi ufuna ngesandla ukulawula imoto - kulula kakhulu kwezinye izimo. Ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa kungenzeka tiptronic ukusebenzisa injini unyathela amabhuleki. Phakathi izinzuzo lezi zixazululo walulama petrol okuyinto leliphasi kunaleyo ka gidrotrasnsformatora ezivamile. Yini embi ngalo wukuthi tiptronic unamahlangothi esikhulu, futhi ijubane usuke kancane.

multitronik

Lolu hlelo yasungulwa by onjiniyela abavela kwa-Audi. Design sici ukuthi kuleli qophelo akukho okuseshwa. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo umshayeli uyakwazi shift amagiya ngesandla. Umgomo we operation zalesi simiso lusekelwe ukudluliswa V-ibhande. Njengoba unit main isetshenziswa CVT, eshintsha torque. Nokho, ngeke siyithole yesimanje multitronik stepless variator CVT - oyiyo lihlukile variator stepless bebheke kushuba esikhundleni sebhande ngamaketanga ekhethekile esetshenziswa lapha. Phakathi izinzuzo bungabonakala ukusheshisa bushelelezi, ukusebenza okuhle ashukumisayo futhi ongaphakeme petrol. Izinkomba izici ashukumisayo akuzona eliphansi kuya izimoto ne yokudlulisela mathupha. Negative - amanani entengo aphezulu, ubunzima ku ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa, umthombo encane.

variator Stepless noma CVT

Ngokubukeka, lezi zinhlelo ukudluliswa azihlukile kakhulu kusukela ezivamile automatic transmission, kodwa isimiso wokusebenza abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele. Kukhona empeleni akukho amagiya lutho lapha hhayi esitshalweni. okungu Gear, futhi ngaleyo ndlela torque kuyahlukahluka ngokuqhubekayo, kungakhathaliseki umshini yanda noma decelerated.

isifinyezo

Izinto zesimanje imoto umkhakha akuyona emi namanje. Ilokhu udale into entsha futhi ezingcono. Zikhona nezinye izinhlobo gearboxes - ngokudabukisayo, tshela konke okukulo umhlaba, kumane nje akunakwenzeka.