ZMZ-409 injini: Ukucaciswa, ukukhanda, izibuyekezo

Ezweni lethu, ezidumile ikakhulukazi futhi basakaza kabanzi ZMZ injini 409. Lokhu injini laqedwa UAZ "Patriot". Futhi, injini wabekwa "Sables" futhi "iNsephe."

Umlando zalesi sihlahla

Umlando Zavolzhsky injini isitshalo has iminyaka 45. Ngo-1958 godu ZMZ lapho izingxenye futhi mhlawumbe ezenziwe aluminium asakazwe Alloys e injini isitshalo yamaLuthela umuzana. Lapha sisuke esikhiqiza powertrains ngoba Gorky, Ulyanovsk futhi eMoscow imoto amabhizinisi.

Injini lokuqala, eye ababebuthene kuyo - kungcono Gaz 21 iVolga imoto. Engine Inkampani kancane kancane kakhulu iqhaza lawo namandla. Kuqhutshekwe nokwenza ngcono imishini ukuphathwa, ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa. Ikakhulukazi abazinikele isitshalo ukwenziwa izinjini ukunakwa Foundry indawo.

Ngo-80 yakhelwe kuqala 4 cylinder 16 valve uphethiloli injini kule simila. Umqulu ka-2.3 wamalitha futhi ICE operation microcontroller elawulwa, okuyinto unomthwalo umjovo kanye ukuthungela uhlelo. Lokhu injini wabizwa ngokuthi ZMZ 4062.

Motor 409 ZMZ

On motor elihambayo isethwe ngo-1996, unyaka. Namuhla ngesisekelo yangaphakathi omlilo injini ekhiqizwa amayunithi eziningana ephethe umthamo we 2.3 2.7 amalitha. Lokhu isethaphu onobuhle 406 futhi 405. Lokhu kuhlanganisa 409 injini. Lokhu motor is okungcono ogibele entsha futhi zanamuhla ezifuywayo izimoto UAZ futhi Gaz. Konke lokhu izitshalo amandla isizukulwane, futhi unikezwa igesi Converter ekhiqizwa ngokuphelele ngokuhambisana EURO-2 amazinga.

Ngeminyaka embalwa nje izinjini ukukhiqizwa izikhathi eziningana ziye zabhekana izinguquko ezinkulu nokuthuthukiswa. Ngo-2003, i-design kushintshiwe camshafts. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo isihlangu tensioner eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, beze lwenkanyezi, okuzokwenza ukuqeda inkinga ophumayo ukwehluleka tappets wokubacindezela ngenxa ungcolisa imikhiqizo amafutha engine bafake plastic.

Khona-ke, kanye neqiniso lokuthi lesi simila luvulwe izingxenye Imported ngoba ezibucayi izingxenye injini, ukuphathwa Ukhulelwe i sina nakakhulu ukuguqulwa imikhiqizo yayo. camshafts uhlelo indawo umhlangano lula. Lokhu ngokushesha abathintekayo nokwethenjelwa. Lokhu kwenziwe ezinye ngcono eziningi.

Namuhla Zavolzhsky Factory - i amabhizinisi eziphambili yasekhaya. Imikhiqizo, okuyinto kuveza lapha has ukusebenza ephakeme izinga.

Imininingwane ICE ZMZ 409

Motor 409 kuyinto 4 cylinder uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi injini, nesebenzela esebenzisa microprocessors. Ukuhlala iyunithi ivolumu 2.6 l, degree of kokucindezelwa -9. inqubo Operating amasilinda 1-3-4-2 isikimu zihlelekile, le crankshaft is ligijima endaweni efanele. Umkhawulo torque engu manani 230 kg-cm at 3900 ngomzuzu / imiz. motor ukala 190 kg. Uhlelo ugesi yenjini iyona umjovo uphethiloli ku ipayipi. Uhlelo ukupholisa, okuyinto esetshenziswa amandla iyunithi, esivaliwe, ophoqelelwe isinyathelo ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi emibi ohlelweni qeda. Uhlelo Lubrication futhi eyimpoqo, kuhlangene spray. Uhlelo ukupholisa uvezwa uhlobo woketshezi, ophoqelelwe avaliwe. Electric ingxenye umelwe wire uhlelo olulodwa.

motor design

Cabangela ukuklanywa Izingxenye ezisemqoka motor ZMZ 409. Okokuqala, mayelana block isilinda. Indaba eziyisisekelo isayithi wakhonza njengephayona grey cast iron. Phakathi amasilinda onjiniyela wenza iziteshi ekhethekile lapho kokupholisayo ujikeleziswe. Monoblock design isivele ine yonke into oyidingayo futhi zonke izimbobo ukuze uvikele iziteshi okunamathiselwe futhi Lubrication. Ingxenye engezansi kule yunithi ifakwe izisekelo ngokuba amabombo esiyinhloko inhlangano crankshaft. Cover lezi amabombo ayikwazi ukushintshwa.

Iyunithi isilinda ikhanda senziwa njengengxenye olubunjiwe aluminium. Emqulwini ikhanda ifakwe itheku futhi esidayisa valve. isilinda ngamunye has valve ezimbili. On itheku sokunene, kwesobunxele qeda valve. Hydropushers uyombhubhisa inqubo ngesandla ukulungisa igebe. Manje Cams izikhala ihanjiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Pistons nazo eyenziwe aluminium. Lezi zingxenye abe ifaka thermostatic. Umphetho eyenziwe umgqomo ezimise sephrofayela, kanye nezici ezikhethekile kwendawo, ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono ukugijima-e, kanye kakhulu ukunciphisa ukulahleka ukuhilizisana.

Phansi piston ngamunye has a anemifantu abamnyama okuyinto zenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe kungenzeka piston esiphezulu ushaya phansi valve amapuleti uma kungenzeka yokusebenza semfene.

Piston izindandatho ogibele ngamunye pistons ezintathu. Ngezinye injini Ukucaciswa 409 zihlanganisa kokucindezelwa ababili kwathi omunye uwoyela bushelelezi indandatho. Ngokuphathelene ebusweni elingaphandle iringi kokucindezelwa, khona-ke embozwe ungqimba olukhethekile chromium ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. I ring engezansi embozwe ithini lonke amaqabunga izindandatho phosphate.

I crankshaft eyenziwe ngensimbi eliqinile le kakhulu. Yena pyatioporny, ngenxa yokugobhoza kangcono izisekelo ifakwe counterweights. Sock crankshaft kanye shank ukuza ngezimpawu zenjoloba.

Ngesikhathi imboni shaft kwaba ngamandla olinganiselayo. Ukuqeda displacement axis awo, onjiniyela azibalulekile ukusebenzisa kwayo i-washers ezimbili, okuyinto ahlelwe nhlangothi zombili esindayo maphakathi noma wesithathu. Thrust washers, esikhundleni salokho, aqukethe polushayb.

uhlelo isikhathi

I camshafts e injini zenziwa ngokuxosha. Indaba wakhonza njengephayona yensimbi ductile. Ukuze kuzuzwe nenkani ukugqoka, camshaft ebusweni waphasisa ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile.

Lezi zingxenye ujikeleze amabombo, okuyinto akhiwa ikhanda isilinda namakepisi ekhethekile esikhiphekayo eyenziwe aluminium.

Shayela - chain, esinezinyathelo. uchungechunge tensioning uhlelo Kwenziwa usebenzisa gidronatyazhiteley.

I valve kule injini zakhiwe ngensimbi ekhethekile refractory. 409 injini ifakwe valve, okuyinto ijikelezwe ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Hydropushers is eliqhutshwa camshaft. Njengoba lokhu injini 409, ivumela imininingwane yayo ngeke ulungise nokusulwa ngenxa hydropushers ukusetshenziswa. Valve iziphethu zenzelwe njengoba iziphethu double. Lezi zingxenye bamunye motors 2108. Vaz Hydraulics abashushumbisi kwakhiwa njengoba inkomishi cylindrical, namafutha enikeziwe kusukela ekhanda isilinda.

uhlelo Ukumanzisa

Engine 409 ( "UAZ Patriot") ifakwe kuhlanganiswe Lubrication uhlelo ukuthi izifutho uwoyela Umfutho phakathi ngomshikisho izingxenye. Uhlelo Lubrication kuhlanganisa namafutha pan, futha, amapayipi kanye valve, uwoyela amavesi ekhanda isilinda, le crankshaft, lemifanekiso uwoyela kanye nokucindezela uwoyela izinzwa electronic.

Ukupholisa uhlelo

Injini 409 ifakwe uketshezi ZMZ ivaliwe, ophoqelelwe Ukupholisa uhlelo. Uhlelo ethulwa ngesimo ibhantshi amanzi ku block isilinda, inhloko isilinda, futha amanzi thermostat, inzwa kokupholisayo lokushisa, ukushisa inzwa ambient ophansi.

ZMZ 409 injini inikeza kwezimo ezifanele kunazo ezishisayo ku ezahlukene 80-90 degrees. Usekelwa thermostat. Isebenza ngokuzenzakalela. Proper control lokushisa ikuvumela ukuba zidinga yesondlo sakugcina Suv UAZ. Engine imodeli 409-th has a ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu futhi imininingwane yayo - a bafake omkhulu.

Ngakho ukuthi umshayeli kungaba ezolile futhi ZMZ 409 akusho overheat injini, onjiniyela ngiyikhiphile kwideshibhodi eziphuthumayo light isibani lokushisa. umsebenzi Inkomba uma izinga lokushisa udlula 104 degrees ngaphandle. Inzwa itholakala phezulu ithangi kurediyetha. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi injini akusho overheat, kungenjalo injini uzodinga ukulungisa 409.

supply system

Uhlelo ugesi elithatha 409 injini - injector. Ngakho-ke, yakhelwe njengoba ipayipi fuel injection ukuba azixoshe esebenzisa injector. Mithandazo ngokuphelele kulawulwa isilawuli noma ikhompyutha. Sheer motor supply system kuhlelwe kusukela uphethiloli, ushayela kagesi fuel futha, ukuhlunga, kanye toplivprovoda injini.

yesondlo

Ukuze lokhu motor isebenza kahle injabulo umnikazi walo, kubalulekile ukwenza yesondlo njalo. Khona-ke, ngaphansi kwalesi simo injini uzoba izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu lomsebenzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iyunithi kumele isetshenziswe kuphela uphethiloli eliphezulu kanye zokugcoba.

Ukuze anakekele futhi unakekele konke izinhlelo ezidingekayo futhi imoto. Kuphela ngale mibandela, injini ngeke lihlale isikhathi eside futhi ngeke isebenze ngaphandle ukwehluleka. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ihlole amazinga amafutha, Isibandisi, Ukupholisa futha ibhande ukungezwani.

Motor nokusebenza ngokuphepha, qiniseka ukuba banakekele uhlelo ugesi. Kuphela uma njalo kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele operation esitebeleni. Udinga ukuba siqiniseke ukuthi konke ukuxhumana uphethiloli okuthembekile, futhi kudingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlanze injectors nophethiloli.

imibuzo ukulungisa

Ukulungisa yenjini kungase kudingeke uma mileage ingamakhilomitha angu ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 300. Isidingo ukulungisa lesi simo singenzeka ngaphambili uma imoto noma iyunithi wasebenzisa ezindaweni ikakhulukazi nokhahlo.

Ukulungisa lenjini 409 kuyadingeka uma amandla ukuwa kuyehla uwoyela ingcindezi ezingeni uma motor ebhema futhi petrol anda.

Engine izingxenye ukudayiswa, ngakho esikhundleni izingxenye bakhathale noma emihlanganweni akuyona into enkulu.

Izibuyekezo

"Patriot" UAZ (motor 409 ogibele ke) ibonisa ngokucacile ngokwayo ngokungabi bikho imigwaqo. Emgwaqweni kule moto ukugibela ubumnandi. Nokho, kwezinye injini 409 uye elixutshwe izilinganiso. Othile uthi injini has uwoyela, umuntu ubhala kwi izinkundla ukuthi sibhekene ephakeme petrol. Abantu abaningi babhale ukuthi yamaphoyisa UAZ injini 409 asifanele ushayela ku-asphalt. Kodwa kwamanye izimoto, lokhu injini imibukiso emihle kakhulu ngokwawo.

Ekuphetheni

Ngokuvamile, injini 409 ( "The Patriot") - lena powerplant ezinhle, ngenkathi izindleko kuba ephansi kakhulu, kanye nemingcele yokusebenza Ukucaciswa yenjini, okungenani hhayi okubi kakhulu ukwedlula ezinye izimoto. Kodwa izimoto zanamuhla angaphandle, SUV kukhona imali engaphezulu kakhulu kwaleyo izindleko UAZ "Patriot".

Kwathiwa kwenziwe umsebenzi ukushintsha kwezinzwa yangaphakathi omlilo injini ngaphansi igesi, nakuba imiphumela yokuguqulwa ezinjalo azibona ekukhuthaza ngokukhethekile.

Be Lokho kungase kube yiqiniso, i- "Patriots" Nathengiswa futhi akhangiswe emakethe yezimoto. Ungase futhi ukuthenga 409 injini ngokwehlukile. Njengoba sekushiwo, basuke ibekwe hhayi kuphela "Patriots", kodwa futhi kwi "iNsephe", "Sables" futhi "iVolga".

Ngakho, senza ukuthi yimuphi has 406 injini Ukucaciswa, idivayisi design nomlando imvelaphi.