Izinhlobo izingxabano: umqondo futhi ezahlukene ngeengaba

Ezincwadini zesayensi yesimanje kwi Psychology ingxabano, kukhona njengamanje yikhulu izincazelo lomkhuba. Kodwa zihlukene kakhulu ukuba bakwazi ukuba kulotshwe izwi nezwi, njengoba abalobi ukuhlonza amaqembu ahlukene kunalawo ingxabano.

Ethandwa kakhulu ngokuvamile esamukelekile definition kanje. Ingxabano siwukubonakaliswa kuwukuphikisana subjective futhi umgomo okuyinto eshiwo kwamaqembu alwayo. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningana ngeengaba zayo, okuyinto zadalwa ngenxa yezizathu eziningana.

Izinhlobo izingxabano ngokuhambisana ezingeni amaqembu aphikisanayo labelwe A. Zdravomyslov:

• interindividual;
• Intergroup.

Ngokuvamile, ngezigaba zakhe kuyinto echazayo.

Izinhlobo ukungqubuzana imakwe Dahrendorf, baziwa. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa okwamanje ethandwa kakhulu, ngoba wakwazi ukufinyelela inqwaba nemingcele.

Okokuqala, ngokuvumelana umthombo usosayensi ikhomba ukuhlonza izingxabano yamanani kanye nezithakazelo.

Kwesibili, khona umthelela social esiphikisayo zingabantu akuphumelelanga noma yimpumelelo, ezakhayo noma yokudala, okuphazamisayo futhi elimazayo.

Okwesithathu, izingxabano zihlukaniswa esikalini. Ngakho, kukhona: global, megakonflikty, Macro, micro, phakathi kwemibuso, izingxabano lesifunda kanye lendawo.

Okwesine, izingxabano ngezindlela ezahlukene emzabalazweni (non-okunokuthula futhi ukuthula).

Okwesihlanu, ukuphikiswa ahlukaniswe imininingwane yalolu nemibandela imvelaphi yabo (exogenous futhi endogenous).

Okwesithupha, izingxabano ingahlukaniswa ngokuvumelana ratio izifundo nalokho (esicashile, zamanga futhi bangempela okungahleliwe).

Seventh, izici asetshenziswe amacebo ngxabano yilezi: mpikiswano, umdlalo kanye impi.

Izinhlobo of tembangave wakhetha Dmitriev. ngezigaba wakhe, wakha ngezizathu eziningana.

• Ngokuhambisana Ububanzi bemisebenzi, kukhona ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezemfundo, ezenhlalo, ukusebenza, omphakathi namanye izingxabano.
• Izinhlobo ukungqubuzana nayo esenzelwe nobe esifundvweni lesitsite. Kulesi sisekelo, kukhona: yangaphakathi, noma siqu, kanye yangaphandle (intergroup futhi ekuchumana).

Libuye wesiko ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo izingxabano kwengqondo:

• RPG, lapho kukhona inkinga yokukhetha omunye ekhona futhi okukhethwa wayefisa: intergroup, ekuchumana intrapersonal.
• Nokuzikhuthaza ezihlobene imisebenzi professional (ukungeneliseki sindisa njalo nokucindezeleka emsebenzini).
• Yezengqondo, ezihlobene ngokuvamile kuphela umuntu othize, abe nokuthula kwangaphakathi futhi lokukwazi ukuzihlola.

Kodwa ngezigaba ezivamile, okuyinto egqanyisiwe izinhlobo izingxabano zimi kanje:

• Ezingeni intrapersonal, kukhona ngokuvamile kudideka okungaphakathi komuntu (ingxabano izisusa, zibe nezifiso ezithile futhi njalo). Babevame zinzima kakhulu ukuxazulula, ngoba umuntu uyavuma wedwa kunzima kakhulu.
• Ukungqubuzana ezingeni intergroup, okuhlanganisa ukuphikiswa ehlangene nezithakazelo zoMbusi amaqembu athile noma iyiphi inkundla. Avame kakhulu eyenziwe ukushikashikeka ngenxa imithombo, okuyizinto elinganiselwe, futhi ayezozibusa kunhlangano. Ngokuvamile, iqembu has inqwaba yamaqembu lengakahleleki kantsi esisemthethweni, okuyinto banezinhloso ezahlukene, izifiso kanye nezifiso.
• A ezihlukahlukene izimpi ezingeni ekuchumana, izimbangela zazo zihlukile (umndeni, professional, njll).

Njengoba ubona, izinhlobo ukungqubuzana kungenziwa abelwe ezicini eziningi kanye nezici.